Ingaba unengxaki ngemithambo yakho yegazi? Masifunde ngePolyarteritis Nodosa!

Ngamanye amaxesha ebomini bethu siva ngezifo esingazange sizive, akunjalo? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esingaqhelekanga, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba sonke sisazi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiPolyarteritis Nodosa , okanye iPAN ngamafutshane. Usenokuba awukaze uve eli gama ngaphambili. Kodwa kulungile, siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni le Polyarteritis Nodosa?

Ngamafutshane, i-polyarthritis nodosa (i-PAN) yimeko engaqhelekanga apho imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu ivuvukala, okanye idumbe. Kwizonyango, olu hlobo lokudumba kwemithambo yegazi lubizwa ngokuba yi-vasculitis . Kule meko, i-PAN ichaphazela kakhulu imithambo yegazi ephakathi emzimbeni wethu.

Cinga ngale ndlela: imithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu ifana nemibhobho yamanzi. Le mibhobho ithwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo kumalungu ethu. Ngoko ke, xa le mibhobho yegazi idumba, kanye njengombhobho wamanzi uvaleka, igazi alihambi kakuhle kuloo malungu. Emva koko ukusebenza kwala malungu kunokuphazamiseka, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunokuyeka ngokupheleleyo.

Oku kuyichaphazela njani imithambo yegazi?

Le meko ye-PAN inokonakalisa imithambo yegazi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:

• Imithambo yegazi inokuba buthathaka kwaye yoluleke, njengetyhubhu yerabha endala. Oku kunokubangela ukuba imithambo yegazi idumbe njengebhaluni, nto leyo ebangela oko sikubiza ngokuba yi-aneurysms .
• Iindonga zemithambo yegazi zinokuba buthathaka kwaye ziqhume , zivumele igazi ukuba livuzele kwizicwili ezingqongileyo.
• Imithambo yegazi inokuncitshiswa okanye ivalwe ngokupheleleyo . Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, ilungu elifumana igazi kuloo mthambo wegazi liya kunqongophala ioksijini kunye nezondlo kwaye liya konakala.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba xa imithambo yegazi yonakele ngale ndlela, ukusebenza kwamalungu omzimba onakeleyo kunokuncipha okanye kuphele ngokupheleleyo.

Ngawaphi amalungu omzimba achaphazeleka kakhulu yi-PAN?

Amalungu anokuthi achatshazelwe kakhulu yi-polyarthritis nodosa ngala:

• Izintso
• I-Junction
• Imithambo-luvo (elawula imvakalelo kunye nokusebenza kwamalungu ethu)
• Indlela yokutya (njengamathumbu)
• Ulusu
• Izihlunu

Rhoqo, umntu one-PAN uya kuba neempawu kwiindawo ezingaphezu kwesinye. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, abanye abantu banokuba neempawu eluswini kuphela (i-cutaneous PAN). Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha baya kuqhubeka bekujonga ukuba ngaba amanye amalungu omzimba ayachaphazeleka na.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-polyarthritis nodosa ayisoloko ibangela iimpawu emiphungeni.

Inqabile kangakanani i-polyarthritis nodosa (PAN)?

Oku kuyinyaniSisifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu. Khawucinge nje, kubantu abamalunga nesigidi eMelika, bangaphantsi kweshumi abantu abafunyaniswa benaso esi sifo minyaka le. Imeko iyafana naseNgilani. Ngoko ke ungacinga ukuba oku kunqabile kangakanani.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokubonakala kwesi sifo?

Ngenxa yokuba i-PAN ichaphazela amalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba, iimpawu zinokwahluka kakhulu. Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Ukuziva ungonwabanga ngokubanzi: Kukuziva nje ukuba kukho into engalunganga.
• Ukudinwa: Asikuko ukudinwa nje kuphela, kodwa kukuziva uphelelwe ngamandla. Nokuba uvuka kusasa, uziva ngathi awunawo amandla aseleyo.
• Ukubila ebusuku: Ukubila kakhulu xa ulele.
• Umkhuhlane: Umkhuhlane oqala ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokwehla kobunzima: Awufuni kutya, ngoko ke uyancipha.
• Intlungu yezihlunu kunye/okanye yamalungu: Ngamanye amaxesha, umkhuhlane unokuhamba nentlungu yamalungu, enokuvakala ngathi yiqhuma enyameni. Inokuba qatha kangangokuba awukwazi nokuhamba kakuhle.
• Intloko ebuhlungu: Oku akwenzeki kuwo wonke umntu, kodwa kuyenzeka nakwabanye abantu.
• Izilonda zesikhumba: Ngamanye amaxesha zinokubonakala njengeziqwenga eziqinileyo nezibuhlungu eluswini, okanye zinokubonakala njengezilonda.
• Intlungu yesisu: Usenokuba nentlungu yesisu eqatha nekhawulezileyo, ngamanye amaxesha ehamba nesicaphucaphu.
• Igazi elikwindle okanye emchameni: Olu luphawu olubalulekileyo kwaye kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo.
• Iintlungu zesifuba.
• Igazi elonyukayo.
• Amasende abuhlungu: Amadoda anokuhlangabezana nale mpawu.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukuphelelwa ngamandla kwiingalo okanye emilenzeni: Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba imithambo-luvo ichaphazelekile.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kungcono ungoyiki kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango.

Yintoni ebangela i-polyarthritis nodosa (PAN)?

Inyaniso kukuba, iingcali zonyango azikayazi kakuhle into ebangela i-polyarthritis nodosa. Kukholelwa ukuba isenokuba inxulumene nofuzo (oko kukuthi, into eyenzeka kwiintsapho) okanye iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zegazi.

Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonise ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhuselaIdlala indima enkulu koku. Inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba ifana nomkhosi okhusela imizimba yethu kwizifo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, lo mkhosi uqala ngempazamo ukuhlasela iiseli zawo. Ngokufanayo, kwi-PAN, inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba yonakalisa imithambo yegazi kunye nezicubu zayo, nto leyo ebangela ukudumba.

Enye into kukuba kufunyenwe ukuba usulelo lwe -hepatitis B (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha usulelo lwe-hepatitis C) lunokuba ngunobangela wale meko. Kuyinto entle ukuba ukusukela oko kwaqaliswa ugonyo lwe-hepatitis B, inani leengxelo zesi sifo se-PAN liye lehla kakhulu.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo? (Izinto Ezinobungozi)

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-polyarthritis nodosa:

• Amadoda anamathuba amaninzi okufumana esi sifo kunabafazi.
• Abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-45 ukuya kwengama-65 nabo basengozini enkulu.
• Kubantu abanesifo seHepatitis B.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-PAN?

Ukuba esi sifo asinyangwa kakuhle, kukho iingxaki ezinkulu ezinokubakho. Ezi ziquka:

• I-Aneurysms , ezizii-blood vessel bulges ezinokwenza buthathaka imithambo yegazi ekhokelela kwisibindi sakho kunye nezintso, zinokwenzeka. Ezi zinokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba ziyaqhuma.
• Amahlwili egazi anokwenziwa ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi (oku akuqhelekanga kangako).
• Ukonakala kwezicubu kwenzeka ngenxa yokunqongophala kweoksijini kunye nezondlo.
• I-Gangrene yimeko apho izicubu ziyafa khona.
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo (oku nako akuqhelekanga).
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso (oku nako akuqhelekanga).

Kungoko ke kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza xa iimpawu zibonakala.

Ifunyanwa njani i-polyarthritis nodosa (PAN)?

Ugqirha usebenzisa izinto ezininzi ukuxilonga i-polyarthritis nodosa:

• Imbali yakho yezonyango: Izinto ezifana nezigulo okhe wazifumana ngaphambili, nokuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho okhe wagula zizifo ezifanayo.
• Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ugqirha uza kukuhlola ukuze abone ukuba zeziphi izitho zomzimba ezichaphazelekileyo kunye nokuba unezinye iimeko ezineempawu ezifanayo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi.
• Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lokufota.

Zithini iimvavanyo zokuxilonga?

Ugqirha angayalela iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye novavanyo lomchamo: Oku kunokunika umbono wokuba kukho ukudumba emzimbeni okanye kukho naliphi na ilungu lomzimba elichaphazelekileyo.
• Ii-X-reyi.
• I-CT Angiogram (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT angiogram): Oku kunokunceda ekuhloleni ngcono imeko yemithambo yegazi.
• I-MRA Scan (Magnetic Resonance Angiogram - MRA scans): Le yenye indlela yokuhlola imithambo yegazi.
• I-Biopsy: Ukuba ezinye iimvavanyo zibonisa into engaqhelekanga, iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili esichaphazelekileyo liyathathwa lize lihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukufunyaniswa kwe-vasculitis.

Inyangwa njani i-polyarthritis nodosa (PAN)?

Unyango oluphambili lwe-polyarthritis nodosa ngamayeza okunciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela .

Injongo ephambili yonyango kukunciphisa ukudumba kwimithambo yegazi. Xa oku kudumba kuphelile kwaye isifo silawulwa, oogqirha bathi "uphilile," oko kuthetha ukuba isifo siyanyangeka. Njengoko imeko yakho iphucuka, umthamo wamayeza unokuncitshiswa kancinci kancinci kwaye ekugqibeleni uyekwe.

Iintlobo zamachiza asetyenziswayo

Ukuba i-PAN ichaphazele iinkqubo zakho eziphambili zamalungu omzimba (umzekelo, izintso, intliziyo, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo), kunokufuneka usebenzise iintlobo ezingaphezu kwesinye zamayeza. Unyango oluqhelekileyo lungabandakanya:

• Amayeza e-corticosteroid , anjenge -prednisone okanye i-prednisolone, anokunikwa. La mayeza anciphisa ukudumba ngokukhawuleza.
• Kwangaxeshanye, kunokunikwa elinye iyeza lokuthintela amajoni omzimba, elifana ne -cyclophosphamide .

Abantu abaneentlobo ezithile zomhlaza banikwa iidosi eziphezulu ze-cyclophosphamide. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abane-vasculitis banikwa iidosi eziphantsi ngokuphindwe kalishumi ukuya kwi-100 kunedosi enikwa umhlaza. Kubantu abane-polyarthritis nodosa, eli yeza lisebenza ngokucothisa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwaye liyithintele ekubeni ibangele ukudumba.

I-Cyclophosphamide idla ngokusetyenziswa de isifo siphele, nto leyo ethatha malunga neenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu. Emva koko, ungatshintshelwa kwenye i-immunosuppressant, efana ne -methotrexate okanye i-azathioprine, ukuze isifo singabuyi (ukugcinwa).

Ubude bexesha olidingayo ukuze uthathe eli yeza lokukhusela amasosha omzimba liyahluka kumntu nomntu. Uninzi lwabantu kufuneka bathathe eli yeza ubuncinane unyaka okanye emibini, emva koko ugqirha wakho uya kunciphisa kancinci umthamo aze agqibe ekubeni ayeke.

Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba imeko yakho ye-PAN ayichaphazelekanga inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo, intliziyo, izintso, okanye amathumbu, kukho abantu abanokungenelwa ngamayeza e-corticosteroid kuphela.

Nyanga i-hepatitis kubantu abaneengxaki ze-vasculitis ezifana ne-PAN ezinxulumene nosulelo lwe-hepatitis B.Amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane anokunikwa.

Masiqaphele nemiphumo emibi yonyango.

La mayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba anokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Umzekelo, utshintsho lweemvakalelo, ukwanda komngcipheko wosulelo, kunye nokudumba. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Emva koko zinokuthintelwa okanye zincitshiswe. Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba uyayinyamezela ekuqaleni iyeza, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwenzeka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuqhubeka uphantsi kweliso likagqirha. Kwezinye iimeko, kufuneka ukhathazeke ngeziphumo zexesha elide nokuba emva kokuyeka iyeza.

Xa usela amayeza athintela amasosha omzimba wakho, amandla akho okulwa nosulelo ayancipha kancinci. Ke ngoko, ukufumana amayeza okukukhusela kwizifo ezifana nomkhuhlane okanye inyumoniya kunokuba luncedo olukhulu.

Yintoni onokuyilindela xa uphila ne-PAN status?

Kwabanye abantu, i-polyarthritis nodosa ikhula kancinci. Kwabanye, inokuba yingozi ngokukhawuleza kwaye ide ibulale abantu kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngokukodwa, abo baneempawu zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya, intliziyo, izintso, kunye/okanye inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi banokuba nembono embi kunabo bangenayo.

Nangona kunjalo, nangona i-polyarthritis nodosa inokuba sisifo esingalindelekanga nesinzima, uninzi lwabantu abane-PAN baphila kakuhle kakhulu . Indlela ophila ngayo ixhomekeke kubukhali bemeko yakho. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba i-polyarthritis nodosa yakho inzima kangakanani na, ngonyango olukhawulezileyo kunye nokujonga ngokusondeleyo ugqirha, unokufikelela ekuxolelweni.

Emva kokuchacha, i-polyarthritis nodosa inokuphinda ivele okanye iphinde ivele . Amathuba oku kwenzeka ahluka ukusuka kwi-10% ukuya kwi-40%. Iimpawu zokuphinda ivele zinokuba zifana nezo zaxa isifo saqala ukufunyaniswa, okanye zinokwahluka. Unyango lokuphinda ivele lufana nolomntu osandul’ ukufumana esi sifo. Uninzi lwabantu abane-polyarthritis nodosa lunokuphucula.

Imbono yesimo se-PAN

Ukuba ufumana unyango lwe-polyarthritis nodosa, unethuba lokusinda iminyaka emihlanu ubuncinane eliyi-80% . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awufumani unyango, ithuba lakho lokusinda iminyaka emihlanu liyehla liye ngaphantsi kwe-15% . Oku kubonisa ukubaluleka konyango, akunjalo?

Ngaba i-polyarthritis nodosa (PAN) ingathintelwa?

Ezinye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokuba ne-polyarthritis nodosa, ezifana nobudala, azinakutshintshwa. Nangona kunjalo, kukho isitofu esinokukhusela kwi-hepatitis B, enokubangela i-PAN kwabanye abantu. Ngoko ke, ukufumana isitofu kunokukunceda ukukhusele kwesi sifo ngandlela ithile.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Ukuzinyamekela)

Kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukuze uthintele ukuphinda ubuyele kwimeko yesiqhelo:

• Yazisa ugqirha wakho kwangoko xa ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha. Nokuba zincinci, xelela ugqirha wakho .
• Bona ugqirha wakho ngexesha (ii-aphoyintimenti zokulandelela). Qiniseka ukuba uya kuhlolwa ngeentsuku ezichazwe ngugqirha wakho.
• Fumana uvavanyo lwelabhoratri olufana novavanyo lwegazi olwenziwe ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngokwenza ezi zinto ngokuchanekileyo, unokuyijonga imeko yakho kwaye uqale unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unezinye zeempawu ze-PAN, bona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneentlungu esifubeni kwaye kunzima ukuphefumla, yiya kwigumbi longxamiseko ngokukhawuleza. Musa ukulibazisa.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngawaphi amayeza afanelekileyo kum?
• Ngaba kukho iqela lenkxaso elinokundinceda?
• Ngaba unokufumana unobangela onokubakho wesi sifo?
• Kuza kufuneka ndithathe amayeza ixesha elingakanani?

Ukujamelana neempawu ze-polyarthritis nodosa kunye nemiphumo emibi yamayeza ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima. Ukuba ufuna ukuthetha nomntu oyiqondayo imeko yakho, ungoyiki ukufuna uncedo lomcebisi. Kwaye ungaze unqikaze ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na into ongayaziyo.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya

I-Polyarthritis nodosa (PAN) yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa enokuba yingozi. Nangona kunjalo, ungoyiki. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi le meko, funa ingcebiso kagqirha kwangoko nje ukuba iimpawu zibonakale, kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo.

Khumbula, ngokufunyaniswa kwangoko kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo, abantu abaninzi abane-PAN baye bakwazi ukulawula imeko yabo kwaye baphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Awuwedwa, kwaye kukho oogqirha kunye neengcali zempilo abanokukunceda.

Siyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ulufumene luluncedo! Hlala usempilweni!

I- Polyarthritis nodosa, i-PAN, i-vasculitis, ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, i-hepatitis B, ii-corticosteroids