Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi izandla neenyawo zakho azinangqondo, okanye iminwe neenzwane zakho ziyabanda? Ngaba uziva iintlungu emilenzeni yakho ngokungathi izihlunu zakho ziyaxhuzula xa uhamba? Sihlala sizityeshela ezi zinto njengezinto eziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zinokuba luphawu lokuba ukujikeleza kwegazi lakho, okanye ukuhamba kwegazi, kubuthathaka kancinci. Esi asisosifo ngokwaso, kodwa sisenokuba luphawu lwesinye isifo. Ngoko masithethe ngale nto ngqo, ngokulula, namhlanje.
Yintoni ukujikeleza kwegazi okungafanelekanga?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba imizimba yethu ifana nesixeko esikhulu. Yonke indlu kwesi sixeko (oko kukuthi, yonke iseli emzimbeni wethu) inenethiwekhi yeendlela ezithwala izinto ezibalulekileyo njengokutya, amanzi, kunye neoksijini. Ezi ndlela ziyimithambo yegazi yethu. Izithuthi ezithutha ezi zinto zibalulekileyo kwezi ndlela ligazi lethu. Iziko eliphambili, okanye injini, yale nkqubo yezothutho yintliziyo yethu.
Ngoko ke, xa intliziyo, imithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi) zonke ziphilile, le nkonzo yokuthutha iyenzeka ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Yonke iseli emzimbeni ifumana ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo ngexesha, kwaye inkunkuma eveliswa kwiiseli iyabuyiselwa.
Ukujikeleza kwegazi okungalunganga kuthetha ukuba kukho ukuvaleka, ukuvaleka, okanye ingxaki kwenye indawo kule nkqubo yezothutho. Njengomthi owela endleleni, obangela ukuxinana kwezithuthi. Oku kuthintelwa kukuthintela igazi ukuba lihambe kakuhle. Ingakumbi kwiindawo ezikude nentliziyo, oko kukuthi, iincam zeminwe neenzwane zethu, ukuhamba kwegazi kuncinci kakhulu.
Eyona ngxaki inkulu ngale nto kukuba iiseli zethu azifumani umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo weoksijini. Xa zingenayo ioksijini, iiseli azikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo ngokufanelekileyo. Kulapho ke iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala khona.
Zithini iimpawu zokungahambi kakuhle kwegazi?
Xa ukuhamba kwegazi emzimbeni kuncipha, iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zinokuvela. Ezi zihlala zichaphazela iindawo zomzimba kakhulu, njengezandla, iinyawo, kunye neminwe. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezi mpawu.
| Uphawu | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukuba ndindisholo okanye "ukukhwaza ngombane" kwimilenze | Oku kubizwa ngokuba yimvakalelo "yokuxinwa kweenaliti". Olu luvo lunokwenzeka xa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwimithambo-luvo kunciphile. |
| Izandla neenyawo zihlala zibanda. | Ukujikeleza kwegazi kunceda ukugcina ubushushu bomzimba. Xa ukuhamba kwegazi kuncipha, izandla neenyawo ziba bandayo kunezinye iindawo zomzimba. |
| Intlungu yemisipha xa uhamba | Xa ndihamba umgama omfutshane, izihlunu zemilenze yam zivakala ngathi ziyaqhekeka kwaye ziyabuhlungu. Le ntlungu iyaphela xa ndihleli okwethutyana. Oku kwenzeka kuba ezo zihlunu azifumani ioksijini eziyidingayo. |
| Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu | Ngamanye amaxesha ulusu lunokuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye lube mdaka ngenxa yegazi elinomoya-mpilo omncinci. |
| Ukudumba kwemilenze | Xa ukujikeleza kwegazi kungalunganga, ulwelo emzimbeni alukwazi ukuphuma kakuhle kwaye lunokuqokelelwa kwiindawo ezifana nemilenze luze lubangele ukudumba. |
| Imithambo yeVaricose | Ukuba imithambo esemilenzeni yakho ibonakala iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/mfusa kwaye inamaqhina, isenokuba yingxaki yokujikeleza kwegazi. |
| Iintlungu zesifuba | Ukuba kukho ingxaki ngemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni, usenokuba neentlungu esifubeni. Olu luphawu olubi kakhulu . |
Zithini izizathu eziphambili zokungajikelezi kakuhle kwegazi?
Akukho nobangela mnye wale meko, kodwa zininzi izinto ezinokubangela oku. Ngokubanzi, abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala, abo banobunzima obugqithisileyo emzimbeni, abo banesifo seswekile, kunye nabo bangazilolongi ngokwaneleyo basengozini enkulu. Makhe sijonge ezona zizathu ziphambili.
| Isizathu | Kwenzeka ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| I-atherosclerosis | Ngamafutshane, i-cholesterol kunye namafutha aqokelelana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, ethintela ukuhamba kwegazi. Njengokuba uthuli luqokelelana ngaphakathi kombhobho wamanzi, nto leyo enciphisa ukuhamba kwamanzi. |
| Isifo Seswekile (iDiabetes Mellitus) | Xa amanqanaba eswekile egazini ehlala ephezulu ixesha elide, yonakalisa imithambo yegazi, nto leyo ethintela ukuhamba kwegazi. |
| Igazi elonyukayo | Xa igazi lihamba ngemithambo yegazi xa lixinezelekile, iindonga zemithambo yegazi ziyawohloka kwaye zibe buthathaka, nto leyo ethintela ukuhamba kwegazi. |
| Ukutshaya | Iikhemikhali ezikwicuba ziyayonakalisa ngokuthe ngqo imithambo yegazi, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko we-atherosclerosis. |
| Ukutyeba kakhulu | Njengoko ubunzima bomzimba busanda, umngcipheko wezifo ezininzi eziphazamisana nokujikeleza kwegazi, ezinje ngeswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye ne-cholesterol, uyanda. |
| I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | Oku kwenzeka xa igazi liqhekeka kumthambo onzulu emlenzeni. Oku kunokuthintela ngequbuliso ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya emlenzeni. |
| Ukubethelwa kweMiphunga | Le yimeko enzima kakhulu nengxamisekileyo.I-DVT kuxa iqhekeza legazi elenzeka emlenzeni liqhekeka lize linamathele emthanjeni emiphungeni. |
| Isifo seMitha yoMthambo oPheleleyo (i-PAD) | Oku kukwabangelwa yi-atherosclerosis. Yimbangela enkulu yentlungu yemilenze xa uhamba, ingakumbi ngenxa yokuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi emilenzeni. |
| Isifo sikaRaynaud | Kubantu abanale meko, xa bejamelene nomkhuhlane okanye uxinzelelo, imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kwiminwe nakwiinzwane iyaqina ngequbuliso. Iminwe emva koko iba mdaka, ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ize iqale ukuba ndindisholo. |
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo le meko?
Ukuba uneempawu ezichazwe apha ngasentla, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha wosapho lwakho. Uza kuthatha amanyathelo aliqela ukuze afumanise imeko.
1. Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ugqirha uza kuhlola iingalo nemilenze yakho. Uza kujonga ukudumba, utshintsho kumbala wolusu, kunye namanxeba. Uza kujonga nokubetha kwentliziyo kwiingalo nemilenze yakho.
2. Ukukubuza iinkcukacha: Uza kubuzwa imibuzo emininzi, efana nokuba zithini iimpawu zakho, ukuba sele unexesha elingakanani unazo, nokuba unezinye izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, nokuba uyatshaya, nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onazo ezi zifo.
3. Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo: Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha unokucebisa iimvavanyo ezininzi ezifana nezi ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela ochanekileyo.
- I-Doppler Ultrasound: Oku kunokujonga isantya sokuhamba kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi kunye nokuba kukho na ukuvaleka.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI): Olu vavanyo lulinganisa kwaye luthelekise uxinzelelo lwegazi emlenzeni wakho nasengalo. Ukuba uxinzelelo emlenzeni wakho luphantsi kakhulu kunengalo yakho, oko kuthetha ukuba umlenze wakho awufumani ukuhamba kwegazi okwaneleyo.
- I-Angiography okanye i-CT Scan: Olu vavanyo luthatha imifanekiso ecacileyo yemithambo yegazi kwaye lunokubonisa ukuba iphi kwaye ingakanani i-blockage ekhoyo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunceda ekufumaneni izinto ezifana namanqanaba e-cholesterol, amanqanaba eswekile, kunye nokuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki zokujiya kwegazi.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuba ukujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wakho kuphazamiseke. Ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha unyango olukufaneleyo. Olu nyango lunokwahlulwa lube ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili.
1. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo neyokuqala omawuyenze. Nokuba usebenzisa amayeza, ukuba awuwenzi olu tshintsho, iziphumo ziya kuba zincinci.
- Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuqhela ukutya okunempilo (ukutya ioyile encinci, ityuwa encinci, iswekile encinci, imifuno neziqhamo ezingaphezulu).
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo (nokuba yinto elula njengokuhamba imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku ixabiseke kakhulu).
- Ukulawula ubunzima bomzimba.
- Ukuba unesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye i-cholesterol, zilawule kakuhle.
2. Unyango ngamayeza
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza anjengala:
- IiStatins: Ezi zinciphisa inqanaba le-cholesterol embi egazini kwaye zithintele ukuba ingangeni kwimithambo yegazi.
- Amayeza okulwa neeplatelet: Amayeza afana ne-aspirin anciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Izithibi zegazi: Amayeza afana neWarfarin athintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi. La mayeza anikwa ngokukodwa kwiimeko ezifana neDVT.
- Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi.
3. Utyando kunye nolunye unyango
Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi kukhulu kwaye akunakulawulwa ngamayeza odwa, kuyimfuneko ukubhenela kunyango olufana nolu.
- I-Angioplasty: Inkqubo apho isixhobo esifana nebhaluni sifakwa kwimithambo yegazi evalekileyo size sivuthelwe umoya ukuze sandise imithambo yegazi. Ngamanye amaxesha kufakwa isixhobo esincinci esifana ne-mesh esibizwa ngokuba yi-stent ukuze sithintele imithambo yegazi ukuba ingavaleki kwakhona.
- Utyando Lokudlula Kwimithambo: Ukudlula umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo nokudala indlela entsha kusetyenziswa isiqwenga somthambo esithathwe kwenye indawo yomzimba.
- Ukususwa kwe-thrombus encediswa yi-catheter: Ukuba ihlwili legazi elikhulu libambekile, lisuswa ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo.
Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso kagqirha?
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Nangona ezinye iimpawu ziqhelekile, ezinye zibonisa imeko engxamisekileyo. Ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba uyawazi umahluko.
| Ixesha lokufuna ingcebiso kwezonyango | |
|---|---|
| Bona ugqirha ukuba unale mpawu: | |
| - | Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha. |
| - | Ukuba iyeza elisetyenziswayo ngoku aliziphelisi iimpawu. |
| - | Ukuba ngequbuliso uqala ukudumba, ukuba bomvu, okanye intlungu emlenzeni (oku kungaba luphawu lwe-DVT). |
| Ezi ziingxamiseko! Yiya kwi-ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) ngoko nangoko! | |
| - | Intlungu yesifuba ngequbuliso, ubunzima bokuphefumla. |
| - | Ukuba ulahlekelwa yimvakalelo yonke emilenzeni yakho. |
| - | Ukuba ufumana iintlungu eziqatha okanye ukungaziva kakuhle emilenzeni yakho nokuba umi nje ungenzi naluphi na uhlobo lomthambo. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwegazi emzimbeni akusiso isifo, luphawu lwenye imeko efihlakeleyo.
- Musa ukuzityeshela izinto ezinje ngokuba ne-handiba kwizandla nakwiinyawo, ukuziva ubanda, okanye ukuba nemilenze ebuhlungu xa uhamba. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
- Eyona nto ilungileyo neyona ibalulekileyo onokuyenza ukulawula le meko kukuphila ubomi obusempilweni . Ukuyeka ukutshaya, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokutya ukutya okunempilo kubalulekile.
- Ukuba unezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukuzigcina zilawulwa kuya kunceda kakhulu ekugcineni ukujikeleza kwegazi kukuhle.
- Iintlungu zesifuba ngequbuliso, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukuphelelwa yimvakalelo emlenzeni ziimeko ezingxamisekileyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
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