Ukuqhekeka kwegazi kwimithambo yesibindi (iPortal Vein Thrombosis): Masithethe ngale nto!

Kukho izifo ezithile ezikhula buthule emzimbeni ngaphandle kokuba sibonise zimpawu. Enye yezi meko kukuqhekeka kwegazi kwi-portal vein yesibindi, okanye ngokwezonyango, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Portal Vein Thrombosis" . Oku kunokuba yinto embi kakhulu, ngoko masithethe ngako ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe, akunjalo?

Yintoni le nto kuthiwa yi-portal vein thrombosis (`(Portal Vein Thrombosis)`)?

Ngamafutshane, isibindi sakho sinomthambo wegazi oyintloko ozisa igazi esibindini sakho lisuka kwezinye izitho ezisesiswini sakho (njengesisu sakho namathumbu). Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-portal vein . Xa igazi liqhekeka (i-thrombus) lenzeka kumthambo we-portal, kumasebe aqhekezekela esibindini, okanye kwenye yeminye imithambo enika igazi kuso (njenge-superior mesenteric vein kunye ne-splenic vein), siyawunciphisa okanye siwuvale ngokupheleleyo umthambo, obizwa ngokuba yi-portal vein thrombosis, okanye i-PVT.

Esi sisifo esibi kakhulu. Kodwa asibonakalisi zimpawu ekuqaleni. Ngoko ke, usenokungazi ukuba unesi sifo sokugabha igazi. Sisenokufunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwenye into, okanye singafunyanwa kuphela emva kwengxaki efana ne- portal hypertension (uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo kwimithambo yesibindi). Ezi ngxaki zinokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba azinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo. Ingakumbi ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokuhlanza igazi okanye ukuphuma kwegazi esitulweni sakho, sibi kakhulu kwaye kufuneka ufune ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.

Abantu abane-fibrosis yesibindi, ingakumbi i-cirrhosis, basengozini enkulu yokufumana i-portal vein thrombosis. Abantu abanezinye iimeko zonyango, ezifana neengxaki zokuvaleka kwegazi, nabo basengozini enkulu. Ke ngoko, ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zinobungozi, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha, uvavanywe, kwaye uxilongwe kwaye unyangwe ngokukhawuleza.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-portal vein thrombosis (PVT)?

Ewe, oogqirha bayahlula le "Portal Vein Thrombosis" ibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili, kuxhomekeke kumntu oyiphuhlisayo:

• I-Cirrhotic Portal Vein Thrombosis (PVT) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-thrombosis oluvela kwi-cirrhosis . Le yimeko apho amahlwili egazi akheka kwi-portal vein kubantu abane-cirrhosis.
• I-Non-cirrhotic Portal Vein Thrombosis (PVT): Le yi-blood clot eyenzeka kumntu ongenaso isifo se-cirrhosis.

Ukuqonda olu hlobo lolwahlulo kubalulekile ekucwangciseni unyango. Umzekelo, oogqirha benza izigqibo zonyango ngokusekelwe ekubeni unayo na i-cirrhosis. Ukuba ne-cirrhosis kwandisa umngcipheko weengxaki, ezinokuchaphazela ukubikezela kwakho. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha bahlala befunda ngakumbi malunga neentlobo zombini ze-portal vein thrombosis kunye nendlela yokunciphisa iingxaki. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zakho zonyango kunye noko unokukulindela.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

I-Portal Vein Thrombosis ayiqhelekanga kubantu abangenaso isifo sesibindi. Nangona kunjalo, amanye amaqela, ingakumbi abo bane-cirrhosis, asengozini enkulu. Malunga nomntu omnye kwabane abane-cirrhosis uya kuba ne-PVT. Oku kungenxa yokuba izicubu zesilonda esibindini ziyacothisa ukuhamba kwegazi. Xa ukuhamba kwegazi kuhamba kancinci, amahlwili egazi anokwenzeka.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-portal vein thrombosis (PVT)?

Ezi ngxaki zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nokuba ihlwili legazi likuphi kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo ezisisiseko onazo. Ezinye zeengxaki ezinokubakho ziquka:

• Ii-Esophageal varices (ukudumba kwemithambo kwi-esophagus)
• Ukopha kwesisu (GI)
• Ukonakala kwamathumbu ngenxa yokuncipha kokunikezelwa kwegazi (`(Mesenteric Ischemia)`)
• Uxinzelelo olunyukileyo kwimithambo yesibindi (`(Portal Hypertension)`)
• I-Splenomegaly (i-spleen ekhulisiweyo)

Zithini iimpawu ze-portal vein thrombosis (PVT)?

Abantu abaninzi abanazo iimpawu. Oogqirha badla ngokuxilonga imeko ngovavanyo lwemifanekiso olwenziwe ngesinye isizathu.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho iingxaki, iimpawu zingavela. Ezi mpawu ziquka:

• Ukuhlanza igazi.
• Igazi elikwisitulo (nokuba limnyama okanye libomvu).
• Ukudumba kwesisu, ukurhawuzelela.
• Ukudumba kwemilenze namaqatha (`(Edema)`).
• Intlungu yesisu, ukuqhwalela.

Yintoni ebangela ukuqhekeka kwegazi kule portal vein?

Oogqirha bathi le yimeko 'enezinto ezininzi' . Oku kuthetha ukuba idla ngokubangelwa kukudibana kwezinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu.

Kukho izinto ezintathu eziphambili ezinegalelo ekwakhiweni kwehlwili legazi kwi "Portal Vein" yakho:

• Ukuba nemeko yokuxinana kwegazi (`(Imeko yokuxinana kwegazi)`). Oku kuthetha ukuba igazi lakho liqina ngokukhawuleza kunomntu oqhelekileyo.
• Ukuhamba kwegazi kancinci esibindini.
• Ukonakala kodonga lwangaphakathi (i-endothelium) lomthambo wesango.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wale meko?

Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zempilo zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokujiya kwegazi kunye nokuhamba kwegazi kancinci esibindini. Ezinye zezi zinto zinobungozi ziquka:

• Iithumba zesisu.
• I-Antiphospholipid syndrome (`(I-Antiphospholipid Syndrome)`).
• Ukunqongophala kwe-Antithrombin (`(Ukunqongophala kwe-Antithrombin)`).
• I-Fibrosis yesibindi (`(Cirrhosis)`).
• I-Factor V Leiden (`(Factor V Leiden)`) - Le yimeko yemfuza echaphazela ukujiya kwegazi.
• Usulelo lwesisu (umz. i-pancreatitis).
• Ii-Myeloproliferative neoplasms (`(Ii-Myeloproliferative Neoplasms)`) - Ezi zizifo ezinxulumene nomongo wethambo.
• Imeko embi kakhulu ye-portal hypertension.
• Ukukhulelwa.
• Ukunqongophala kweProteni C (`(Ukunqongophala kweProteni C)`).
• Ukunqongophala kweProteni S (`(Ukunqongophala kweProteni S)`).
• Uguquko lwe-Prothrombin gene (`(Uguquko lwe-Prothrombin Gene)`).

Ukongeza, ezinye iindlela zotyando lwesisu (umz., i-splenectomy) zingonakalisa udonga lwangaphakathi lomthambo wegazi, nto leyo eyandisa le ngozi.

Ifunyanwa njani i-portal vein thrombosis (PVT)?

Oogqirha baxilonga le meko ngovavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo olwahlukeneyo. Baza kubuza nangembali yakho yezonyango ukuze babone ukuba unayo na nayiphi na into enokubangela ukuba ube ne-"Portal Vein Thrombosis".

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukufumanisa oku?

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezifana nezi ukuze kufunyaniswe "i-Portal Vein Thrombosis" aze akhangele iingxaki:

• Iskeni ye-CT (`(Iskeni ye-Computed Tomography (CT))`).
• Uvavanyo lwe-Doppler ultrasound (`(Doppler Ultrasound)`). Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukubona indlela igazi elihamba ngayo kwimithambo yegazi kunye nokuba kukho na amahlwili egazi.
• Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwesibindi (`(Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwesibindi)`).
• Iskeni se-MRI (`(Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance (MRI))`.)

Isicwangciso sakho sonyango siya kugqitywa ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zezi mvavanyo.

Oogqirha banyanga njani i-portal vein thrombosis (PVT)?

Oogqirha bagqiba ngonyango lwesigulana ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo. Oko kukuthi, balungiselela unyango ngokweemfuno zakho. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela oku:

• Apho kukho khona ihlwili legazi.
• Unobangela wokwakheka kwe-blood clot.
• Ezinye iimeko zempilo ezingabonakaliyo onazo (umz., isifo sokuqina kwesibindi).
• Nokuba kukho iingxaki.
• Imbali yakho yonke yezonyango.

Iindlela zonyango zingabandakanya:

• Ii-Anticoagulants: La mayeza anceda ekuthinteleni amahlwili egazi ukuba angabi maninzi kwaye athintele ukwakheka kwamahlwili amatsha. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba abantu abane-cirrhosis basengozini enkulu yokopha ngaphakathi, oogqirha basebenzisa la mayeza ngononophelo olukhulu.
• Unyango lweThrombolytic:Ukuba amayeza okuthintela ukugabha kwegazi kuphela awanelanga, olu nyango lunokunikwa njengolwelo olufakwa emthanjeni (IV) okanye ngetyhubhu encinci (catheter) ukuze kunyibilikiswe ihlwili legazi. Oogqirha banokusebenzisa le ndlela ukuba amathumbu akho awafumani igazi elaneleyo.
• I-Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (IINGCEBISO): Le nkqubo ikwasebenzisa i-catheter encinci. Isetyenziselwa ukulawula iingxaki ze-portal vein thrombosis, ingakumbi ukopha kwe-GI. Ibandakanya ukudala umngxuma odlula esibindini sakho kunye nokudibanisa i-portal vein yakho kumthambo omkhulu esibindini sakho. Le ndlela intsha ivumela igazi elivela emathunjini akho ukuba lidlule esibindini. Oku kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwimithambo esibindini sakho, kunciphisa umngcipheko wokopha. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni isibindi sakho sihlala sihluza iityhefu egazini lakho, igazi elingacocwanga ngoku lijikeleza emzimbeni wakho. Ngoko ke, enye ingozi yolu nyango kukuba iityhefu zinokuhamba ziye ebuchotsheni kwaye zichaphazele ukusebenza kwengqondo (`(Hepatic Encephalopathy)`).

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngezinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zezi ndlela zonyango nogqirha wakho ukuze uqonde iingenelo kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho.

Ithini ingqikelelo yale meko?

Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukubuza malunga noqikelelo lwemeko yakho. Uza kukuxelela into omawuyilindele ngokwemeko yakho. Amathuba okusinda kunye nobude bobomi obuvela kwi-portal vein thrombosis anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwi:

• Unobangela wokwakheka kwe-blood clot.
• Nokuba une-`(Cirrhosis)` okanye awunayo.
• Ezinye iimeko zempilo ezifihlakeleyo onazo.
• Iingxaki ezivelayo.
• Imeko yesibindi sakho.

Ngokubanzi, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokunyusa amathuba akho okuchacha.

Ngaba i-portal vein thrombosis (PVT) ingathintelwa?

Amahlwili egazi, kuquka lawo akwi-portal vein, akanakuthintelwa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Yiya kuhlolo lwezonyango lonyaka, kwaye uye kuzo zonke iimvavanyo zokulandelela eziyalelwe ngugqirha wakho. Umzekelo, ukuba une-cirrhosis kwisigaba sayo sokuqala, ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunokunceda ukuthintela i-PVT.
• Sebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukulawula naziphi na iimeko zempilo ezifihlakeleyo onokuba nazo. Umzekelo, ukuba unesifo esifana nesifo seswekile (`(iDiabetes Mellitus)`), yilawule kakuhle.
• Sela onke amayeza akho njengoko kuchaziwe, ngamaxesha afanelekileyo.
• Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha, okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyatshintsha, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Qiniseka ukuba uya kuxilongwa rhoqo ngonyaka. Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha nezingenakucaciswa, bonana nogqirha wakho kuqala.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezinto ezibangela ukuba ube ne-`(Portal Vein Thrombosis)`, kulungile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo. Uza kukubuza ngenqanaba lomngcipheko wakho kunye nento onokuyenza ukunciphisa loo mngcipheko.

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ingxaki ye-portal vein thrombosis kukopha kwegazi okukhawulezileyo kwesisu (GI). Iimpawu zihlala zivela ngequbuliso kwaye zinokuba nzima kakhulu. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, yiya esibhedlele okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-911 ngoko nangoko:

• Ukuba uziva unesizungu okanye utyhafile (syncope).
• Ukuba unendle emnyama okanye ebomvu, okanye ukuba uhlanza igazi.
• Ukuba ukubetha kwentliziyo kuyakhawuleza.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Nazi ezinye zemibuzo ezinokukunceda ufunde ngakumbi ngemeko yakho:

• Kutheni ndifumene eli hlwili legazi?
• Yeyiphi isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kum?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndithathe amayeza? Ukuba kunjalo, ixesha elingakanani?
• Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengxaki zonyango?
• Ndimele ndilindele ntoni njengoko ndichacha?
• Ithini ingqikelelo yam yexesha elide (`(Ukuxela kwangaphambili)`)?

Ukufumanisa ukuba une-blood clot kunokoyikisa. Kwimeko efana ne-"Portal Vein Thrombosis", unokuzibuza ukuba zeziphi iingxaki eziza kwenzeka kwaye ziya kuba nzulu kangakanani. Bhala phantsi imibuzo yakho kwaye wabelane ngayo nogqirha wakho. Funda konke okufuneka ukwazi malunga nemeko yakho kunye neendlela zonyango. Kunye nogqirha wakho, ninokufumana indlela yokubuyela esiqhelweni.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ukushwankathela oko besithetha ngako, i-Portal Vein Thrombosis, lihlwili legazi elithintela umthambo ophambili othwala igazi uliyise esibindini.

Nangona idla ngokungabonisi zimpawu ekuqaleni, le inokuba yimeko enzima, ingakumbi kubantu abane-cirrhosis.

Ukuba ufumana igazi okanye igazi esitulweni sakho, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba unezinto ezinobungozi, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngazo uze ufumane uvavanyo olufunekayo. Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango zezona zilungileyo. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo, kwaye ungoyiki ukubuza imibuzo ukuba unayo. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Portal vein thrombosis, amahlwili egazi esibindini, i-cirrhosis, i-hematemesis, isifo sesibindi, ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi, i-PVT