Ngaba wakha waziva into efana nesigcawu esincinci okanye isuntswana lothuli lidada phambi kweliso lakho ngelixa ulele? Uzamile ukulibamba, kodwa awukwazanga, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha ubona ukukhanya okuvela kwikona yeliso lakho, akunjalo? Abantu abaninzi baye baba nalo eli thuba. Namhlanje sithetha ngeli thuba liqhelekileyo, kodwa eloyikisayo, elenzeka njengoko sikhula, elibizwa ngokuba yi-Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD).
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene? (I-Posterior Vitreous Detachment - i-PVD)
Ngamafutshane, i-PVD lutshintsho lwendalo olwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu njengoko sikhula. Cinga ngamehlo ethu njengebhola encinci. Le bhola izaliswe yinto ecacileyo efana nejeli ebizwa ngokuba yi-vitreous gel . Le jeli yiyo enika iliso imo yalo engqukuva.
Ngaphakathi kweliso, eludongeni olungasemva, kukho inwebu yemithambo-luvo ebukhali kakhulu esebenza njengefilimu ekwikhamera. Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-retina . Yi-retina eqokelela ukukhanya okuvela kwizinto esizibonayo, ikuguqule ibe ziimpawu zombane, ize izithumele engqondweni.
Xa sisebancinci, ijeli (ijeli ye-vitreous) endikhankanyileyo inamathele ngokuqinileyo kwi-retina. Kodwa njengoko sikhula, njengokuba ijeli ihlukana namanzi emva kwexesha elithile, le jeli nayo iqala ukuba manzi kancinci kancinci. Emva koko iba ncinci ngaphakathi, inciphe kancinci, ize iqale ukwahlukana kancinci ne-retina eludongeni olungasemva. Loo mahluko yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi -Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD) .
Oku akusisifo, kodwa yinkqubo yendalo eyenzeka xa umntu ekhula, njengeenwele eziba ngwevu.
Zithini iimpawu zoku? Ndingazibona njani?
Xa kuvela i-PVD, kudla ngokubakho iimpawu ezimbini eziphambili ezibonakala. Ezi zinokuqala ngequbuliso.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| IiFloaters | Ezi zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo. Ungabona amachaphaza amancinci amnyama, imigca, iintambo zesigcawu, okanye iimpethu zintanta phambi kwamehlo akho. Xa uhambisa amehlo akho, nazo ziyantanta kunye nawo. Ezi ngokwenene zizithunzi zeziqwenga ezincinci zejeli ngaphakathi kweliso eziwela kwi-retina kwaye sizibona. Ngamanye amaxesha ungabona into efana nesangqa esikhulu. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yindandatho yeWeiss . |
| Ukukhanya okukhanyayo | Ungabona ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwicala leliso lakho, njengombane, okanye ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwikhamera, imizuzwana embalwa. Oku kwenzeka kuba xa ijeli yahlukana neretina, itsala iretina kancinci. Emva koko imithambo-luvo ekwiretina iyavuselelwa, kwaye ingqondo iyitolika njengokukhanya. Oku kubonakala kakhulu kwiindawo ezimnyama. |
Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu okokuqala, kubalulekile ukubona ingcali yokhathalelo lwamehlo (ophthalmologist) ngoko nangoko. Ezi mpawu zifanayo zinokuvela nakwezinye iimeko ezinzulu ngakumbi. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye.
Kutheni i-PVD ikhula? Ngubani onokuba nayo ngakumbi?
Eyona nto ibangela ukwaluphala . Ukwanda kwe-PVD kuyanda kakhulu emva kweminyaka engama-50. Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga nama-66% abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-65 ukuya kuma-85 baya kuba nale meko. Oko kuthetha ukuba ngabantu ababini kwabathathu. Ukongeza, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezinobungozi:
- Ukubona okukufutshane/ I-Myopia: Ukuba ubona okukufutshane (unxibe iiglasi ezinenombolo ephantsi), iliso lakho lide kancinci kunelomntu oqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, i-retina iyanwebeka. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko we-PVD.
- Isifo seswekile: Abantu abanesifo seswekile basengozini enkulu yokuba ne-PVD kuba inokubangela iingxaki zamehlo.
- Ukulimala kwamehlo: Ukuba ukhe wabethwa kakhulu liliso ngaphambili okanye wakha waba sengozini.
- Utyando lwamehlo: Ukuba ukhe wenza izinto ezifana notyando lwe-cataract, inkqubo ye-PVD inokukhawuleziswa.
Ukuba ufumana i-PVD kwelinye iliso, kukho amathuba aphezulu okuba elinye iliso liza kukhula kulo nyaka okanye emibini ezayo.
Ingaba oku kuyingozi? Ndingaphulukana nokubona?
Nantsi into ebalulekileyo. I-PVD ngokwayo ayisoloko iyinto ebuhlungu okanye eyingozi enokubangela ukulahleka kombono. Yinkqubo yendalo.
Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki kukuba xa i-PVD isenzeka, oko kukuthi, xa loo jeli yahlukana ne-retina, inani elincinci kakhulu labantu (ngaphantsi kwe-15%).Oku kunokubangela iingxaki. Ezo ngxaki ziyingozi kakhulu kwaye zinokubangela ukulahleka kombono okungapheliyo ukuba azinyangwa ngokukhawuleza.
Nangona i-PVD ingenabungozi, iingxaki enokuzibangela zinkulu kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufumana ii-floaters okanye ii-flakes ezintsha, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wamehlo ngaphandle kokuzityeshela.
Iingxaki eziyingozi ezinokwenzeka ngenxa ye-PVD
| Ingxaki | Intsingiselo |
|---|---|
| Ukukrazula kwe-retinal | Xa loo jeli yahlukana ne-retina, ngamanye amaxesha i-retina inokukrazuka kancinci kwindawo enamathele kuyo ngokuqinileyo. |
| Ukuqhekeka kwe-retinal | Ukusuka kuloo krazulo, ulwelo lunokuvuza liphume elisweni luze luzalise indawo engaphantsi kwe-retina, lusuke ngokupheleleyo eludongeni lweliso. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango . Ukuba uziva ngathi ikhethini emnyama iwela phambi kwamehlo akho, oku kungaba luphawu loku. |
| Umngxuma we-macular | Ingongoma ephambili kwi-retina, i-macula, esinika umbono ocacileyo nobukhali, inokonakala. |
Yiyo loo nto sisithi kwangoko nje ukuba uneempawu zePVD, kubalulekile ukuba uvavanywe ukuze kubonwe ukuba unazo na ezi meko ziyingozi.
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?
Xa usiya kugqirha wamehlo, uya kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole amehlo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwamehlo oluvulekileyo .
Okwenzekayo koku kukuba ugqirha ufaka amaconsi athile emehlweni akho aze avule i-pupil. Emva koko, kukhanya emehlweni kwaye kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukubona i-retina kunye ne-vitreous gel ngasemva kweliso ngokucacileyo. Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa ukuba une-PVD okanye naziphi na iingxaki eziyingozi endizikhankanyileyo.
Kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba kukho into efana negazi ngaphakathi kweliso kwaye umqolo ungabonakali kakuhle, uvavanyo olufana ne- ultrasound yeliso lunokwenziwa.
Ngaba kukho unyango lwe-PVD?
Emva kokuhlola amehlo akho, ukuba ugqirha uqinisekisa ukuba une-PVD kuphela kwaye akukho ngxaki, akukho nyango lukhethekileyo lufunekayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha uza kukucela ukuba ubuye emva kweeveki ezi-4 okanye ezi-6 ukuze uhlolwe kwakhona . Ngokuqinisekileyo loo nto yinto omele uyenze. Kuba ngamanye amaxesha into efana nokukrazuka kwe-retina engakhange ibonwe ngexesha lokuhlolwa kokuqala inokwenzeka kamva. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuyinyamekela loo nto.
Kukho utyando lwezo zixhobo zokudada, kodwa alwenziwa rhoqo. Kuba nezo zixhobo zinokubangela iingxaki. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iingqondo zethu ziyaziqhela ezi zixhobo zokudada zize ziqale ukuzityeshela. Emva kwexesha elithile, awuziboni kangako.
Ndingaphila njani nezi 'zinto zintantayo' zicaphukisayo?
Ezi floaters kunye ne flashes zinokuba yingxaki okwethutyana, kodwa kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukuze uziqhele.
- Hamba kancinci kancinci uye phambili nangasemva: Ukuba ubona i-floater embindini wokubona kwakho, hambisa amehlo akho kancinci kancinci phezulu, ezantsi, ekhohlo nasekunene. Oku kuya kunceda i-floater ihambe nolwelo olusesweni lakho.
- Nciphisa ukukhanya: Nciphisa ukukhanya kweekhompyutha, iifowuni kunye nezikrini zikamabonwakude.
- Nxiba iiglasi zelanga: Nxiba iiglasi zelanga xa uphuma elangeni eliqaqambileyo. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukubonakala kwee-floaters.
- Nxiba iiglasi ezifanelekileyo: Ukuba unikwe iiglasi zokuthintela ukuphazamiseka kokubona, zinxibe ngokufanelekileyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqonda ukuba oku kuqhelekile kwaye ungakhathazeki kakhulu ngako. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, uya kuziva ezi mvakalelo kancinci kancinci.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD) yinkqubo yendalo eyenzeka xa uluphala, apho ijeli engaphakathi kweliso yahlukana ne-retina. Ayisosifo.
- Iimpawu eziphambili ngamabala amnyama, izinto ezifana nesigcawu (ezidadayo) kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo.
- I-PVD ngokwayo ayiyongozi, kodwa inani elincinci kakhulu labantu linokuba neengxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokukrazuka kwe-retina okanye ukuqhekeka kwayo.
- Ukuba uqalisa ukuba nezi mpawu okokuqala , ukuba inani lee-floaters liyanda ngequbuliso, okanye ukuba ubona isikrini esimnyama phambi kwamehlo akho, bonana nogqirha wamehlo ngoko nangoko. Oku kungaba yingxamiseko.
- Imeko eqhelekileyo ye-PVD ayifuni unyango. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iimpawu zakho ziya kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuya kuvavanyo olulandelayo njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebisa.
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