Ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci uhlala egula ngumkhuhlane , umkhuhlane, okanye iintlungu zendlebe ? Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi umntwana wakho ugula ngaphezu kwabanye abantwana? Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo ujika ube yinto enzima njenge -pneumonia , edinga iintsuku zonyango? Kufuneka ukhathazeke kakhulu ngezinto ezinje. Enyanisweni, oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangelwa bubuthathaka kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela yomntwana. Sithetha ngemeko enjalo namhlanje.
Yintoni iPrimary Immunodeficiency Syndrome (PIDD)?
Kalula nje, umntwana onesifo sokungakhuseleki kwi-immunodeficiency Disease (PIDD) unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela engasebenzi kakuhle. Cinga ngenkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela njengomkhosi okhusela ilizwe lethu. Ikhusela imizimba yethu kwiintsholongwane ezivela ngaphandle. Ngoko ke xa lo “mkhosi” ubuthathaka, iintsholongwane zinokungena emzimbeni ngokulula zibangele izifo .
Xa usiva oku, ungoyika, “Owu, ngaba umntwana wam uza kufumana zonke ezi zifo?” Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba, ngoku kukho unyango oluhle kakhulu lokulawula ezi meko. Ngalo nyango, umntwana angaphila ubomi obusempilweni, obusebenzayo, nobuqhelekileyo njengabanye abantwana. Oku kuxhomekeke kwimfuza, oko kuthetha ukuba yimeko ekhoyo ekuzalweni, kungekhona isifo esinokudluliselwa komnye umntu siye komnye.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zesi sifo?
Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-550 zezi zifo zokunqongophala kwamajoni omzimba. Ezinye zixhaphake kakhulu, ezinye azixhaphakanga. Uninzi lwazo lufunyaniswa ebuntwaneni, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zinokuvela kamva ebomini. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona ntlobo ziphambili.
| Igama leSifo | Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| Ukunqongophala kwe-Selective Immunoglobulin A (IgA) | I-IgA yi-antibody elwa neentsholongwane ezikwizithende zethu, iinyembezi, kunye neenwebu ze-mucous. Aba bantu banamanqanaba aphantsi e-IgA emizimbeni yabo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi-asthma kunye ne-allergies ezingaphezulu. Abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo iimpawu kwaphela. |
| Ukungakwazi komzimba okuguquguqukayo okuqhelekileyo (i-CVID) | Amajoni abo omzimba awasebenzi kakuhle ngokwaneleyo ukulwa neentsholongwane. Kwakhona, ezinye zee-antibodies abazenzayo zihlasela iiseli zabo. Badla ngokufumana usulelo lwendlebe, i-sinus kunye nemiphunga. |
| I-Agammaglobulinemia edityanisiweyo ne-X (XLA) | Ukuzalwa ungenazo ii-B cells, ezenza ii-antibodies. Oku kushiya umsantsa omkhulu kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Iintsholongwane zihlala zenzeka kwiindawo ezine-mucous membranes (iindlebe, imiphunga, isisu). |
| Ukunqongophala kwamajoni omzimba okudibeneyo (i-SCID) | Olu lolunye lwezona ntlobo zinzima kakhulu. Akukho kuphela ukuba akukho zi-B cells, kodwa akukho zi-T cells ezihlasela ngqo iintsholongwane. Oku kushiya inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka kakhulu. Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini, ngoko ke ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kubalulekile. |
| Isifo seDiGeorge (DGS) | Aba bantwana bane-T cells ezingaphantsi ngama-90% kunomntwana oqhelekileyo. Iimpawu ezifana nosulelo oluqhelekileyo kunye nesifo sentliziyo zinokubakho. |
| Isifo seGranulomatous esingapheliyo (CGD) | Aba bantu abanazo iiseli (ii-phagocytes) ezivelisa iikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo ezitshabalalisa iintsholongwane. Oku kunokubangela ukuba iintsholongwane zihlangane kwaye zenze amaqhuma (ii-granulomas). |
Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unale meko, hlala ujonge ezi mpawu. Ukuba enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.
- Ukukhula komntwana kuyalibaziseka okanye akutyebi.
- Usulelo oluqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, usulelo lwendlebe, usulelo lwe-sinus , okanye i-pneumonia kabini okanye kathathu ngenyanga .
- Ii-antibiotics eziqhelekileyoUsulelo luba nzima kangangokuba lufuna amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (IV) , endaweni yeepilisi .
- Urhudo oluqhubekayo okanye ezinye iingxaki zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya.
- Ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo.
- Udaka olukhulu.
- Impendulo eqatha kwigonyo eliphilayo.
Indlela yokuxilonga esi sifo ngokuchanekileyo?
Ukuba unamathandabuzo, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha wosapho lwakho. Uza kumxilonga umntwana wakho aze akubuze imibuzo efana nale:
"Ingaba umntwana uhlala efumana usulelo olunzima? Bahlala ixesha elingakanani? Ngaba isifo asiphucuki nokuba sele efumene amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane? Ngaba kukho omnye umntu kusapho ofumana izifo ezinje rhoqo?"
Emva koko, ungabhekisa kwezi mvavanyo ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Kuthathwa isampulu yegazi lomntwana kwaye kuhlolwa amanqanaba eeseli zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kunye nee-antibodies.
- Uvavanyo lwemfuza: Oku kunokufumanisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphene kwimfuza ezichaphazela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- Uvavanyo lweFlow Cytometry: Le yiteknoloji yanamhlanje esebenzisa imisebe yelaser ukufunda iiseli zomzimba nzulu.
Ukuze ulawule imeko efana nale, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nengcali yezonyango .
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu kwezi meko. Unyango luneenjongo ezimbini eziphambili: ukuthintela ukuvela kwezifo kunye nokuzilawula kakuhle ukuba ziyenzeka.
1. Unyango lwezifo: Ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana isifo, kusenokufuneka athathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngamanani aphezulu kwaye ixesha elide kunesiqhelo. Kwizifo ezinzima, kusenokufuneka alaliswe esibhedlele aze anikwe amayeza e-IV (efakwa kwimithambo yegazi).
2. Unyango oluphucula amajoni omzimba:
- Unyango lokubuyisela i-Immunoglobulin (Ig): Ngamafutshane, oku kuquka ukunika umntwana ii-antibodies zokulwa nezifo ezivela kumntu ophilileyo nge-IV. Kufana nokumnika "amajoni" angaphandle. Oku kwenziwa ngeveki okanye ngenyanga.
- Ukufakelwa kweeseli zesiqu: Olu lunyango lwabantwana abaneentlobo ezibi kakhulu zesifo. Iiseli zesiqu ezithathwe kumntu ophilileyo (ngokuqhelekileyo ilungu losapho) zifakwa emntwaneni. Ezi seli zinokwenza iiseli zomzimba ezisempilweni.Olu lunyango olunokunyanga ngokupheleleyo ezinye iintlobo ze-PIDD.
- Unyango lweZiza: Le yindlela yonyango yanamhlanje kakhulu. Iiseli ze-stem zomntwana ziyathathwa, i-gene enesiphene "iyahlelwa" kwilebhu, kwaye iiseli zibuyiselwa emzimbeni womntwana.
Iingcebiso ezimbalwa kuni nina ninyamekela umntwana wenu
Xa uphila nale meko, ungamnceda umntwana wakho ahlale onwabile kwaye ekhuthele njengabanye abantwana.
- Thetha egameni lomntwana wakho: Ukuba umntwana wakho usesikolweni, thetha nootitshala uze umchazele imeko yomntwana wakho. Baxelele ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba bangakwazi ukuya esikolweni okwethutyana.
- Lumka ucoceko: Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo, ingakumbi ngaphambi kokutya nasemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane.
- Nika umntwana wakho ukutya okunesondlo: Ukumnika ukutya okunesondlo okuquka iziqhamo, imifuno kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo kuya kunika umntwana wakho amandla.
- Lala ngokwaneleyo: Ukulala ngokwaneleyo kubaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- Nciphisa uxinezeleko: Vumela umntwana wakho adlale, enze izinto azithandayo, kwaye adale imeko-bume eyonwabisayo.
Usenokukufumanisa kunzima ukumelana nale meko ngamanye amaxesha. Kodwa awuwedwa. Thetha nogqirha wakho, usapho kunye nabahlobo ngale nto. Kungangumthombo omkhulu wamandla kuwe ukuthetha nabanye abazali abanabantwana abanjalo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Primary immunodeficiency syndrome (PIDD) yimeko yemfuza ekhoyo ekuzalweni, ayisosifo esinokudluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana usulelo oluqatha nolungapheliyo olunganyangekiyo ngokukhawuleza ngonyango, luphawu olulumkiso. Ngokuqinisekileyo funa ingcebiso kagqirha.
- Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesi sifo, ukusuka kwezincinci ukuya kwezinzima kakhulu.
- Ngokuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nonyango lwanamhlanje olufana nonyango lwe-Immunoglobulin (Ig) kunye nokufakelwa komongo wethambo, abantwana abaninzi banokuphila ubomi obupheleleyo nobusebenzayo.
- Ucoceko olufanelekileyo, ukutya okunesondlo, kunye nendawo enothando nexhasayo zibalulekile kwimpilo yomntwana.
Ukungabikho komzimba okuphambili, i-PIDD, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, usulelo oluqhelekileyo, ukuphazamiseka kwemfuza, i-SCID, i-CVID, unyango lwe-immunoglobulin
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho