Ngaba wakha wajonga amehlo akho esipilini? Xa uwajonga, ubona ibala elincinci elimnyama phakathi kwenxalenye enemibala yeliso (esiyibiza ngokuba yi-iris). Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-pupil . Eli asilobala elimnyama nje kuphela. Lilibala elimangalisayo elixelela ulwazi oluninzi olubalulekileyo malunga nokubona kwethu, kunye nempilo yomzimba wethu. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngeli bala limnyama ngendlela elula.
Yintoni kanye kanye le nto yomlingo omnyama? Yintoni eyenzayo?
Ngamafutshane, umngxuma omnyama elisweni lakho ngumnyango weliso, njengomngxuma okwikhamera. Ayingomnyama ngokwenene, yindawo nje engenanto evulekela elisweni.
Izihlunu ezikwindawo enombala yeliso lakho, i-iris, zilawula ukuba le ring emnyama ifanele ibe nkulu okanye incinci kangakanani.
- Xa usiya kwindawo enelanga elinamandla, kukho ukukhanya okuninzi kakhulu okungena elihlweni. Emva koko izihlunu ezikwi-iris ziyasebenza kwaye zinciphise indandatho emnyama. Oku kunciphisa ubungakanani bokukhanya okungena elihlweni.
- Xa ungena kwigumbi elimnyama, akukho kukhanya kwaneleyo okufikelela emehlweni akho. Izihlunu ezikwi-iris ziyandisa indandatho emnyama ukuze kungene ukukhanya okuninzi kangangoko kwaye kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngokucacileyo.
Le nkqubo yokwanda komfundi xa esabela ekukhanyeni ibizwa ngokuba yimpendulo yokukhanya kwe-pupillary . Oku kubalulekile ukuze sigcine umbono wethu ucacile.
Khawucinge ukuba kutheni ungaboni nto okwethutyana xa ngequbuliso ungena ngaphakathi uvela elangeni eliqaqambileyo. Okwenzekayo kukuba iliso lakho elimnyama, elalifinyele ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo, lithatha ixesha ukukhula kwakhona xa ubuyela ebumnyameni.
Ayivumeli nje kuphela ukuba ukukhanya kungene, kodwa yile ndandatho imnyama apho i-aqueous humor , ulwelo olondla iliso, ihamba iye ngaphambili kweliso.
Kutheni le nyoka imnyama ibukeka imnyama?
Ukuba le yindawo engenanto ngokwenene, kutheni sibona ubumnyama? Isizathu kukuba ukukhanya okungena elisweni akuhlali kuphuma. Oko kukhanya kufunxwa yi-retina engaphakathi kweliso. Kufana nokujonga ngefestile kwigumbi elimnyama uze ubone ngaphakathi kumnyama.
Kodwa ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba xa uthatha ifoto, ingakumbi xa ifleshi ivuliwe, amehlo akho abonakala ebomvu? Ibizwa ngokuba 'yimpembelelo yamehlo abomvu'. Okwenzekayo kukuba ukukhanya okukhanyayo okuvela kwifleshi yekhamera ngequbuliso kungena esweni kwaye kubonakale ngasemva yimithambo yegazi ngasemva kweliso. Kulapho sibona khona umbala ngaphakathi kweliso.
Ziziphi izifo ezichaphazela i-black grouse?
Ngamanye amaxesha, utshintsho kubukhulu beliso elimnyama lunokuba yingxaki ngokwalo. Kodwa rhoqo, lunokuba luphawu lwenye imeko yempilo emzimbeni. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha beqala ngokujonga iliso elimnyama xa behlola umntu owenzekele entloko.
Makhe sijonge iimeko eziphambili ezichaphazela i-black grouse.
| Imeko | Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| I-Anisocoria (ubukhulu obungalinganiyo be-iris yamehlo omabini) | Izangqa ezimnyama emehlweni omabini azilingani ngobukhulu, enye inkulu kunenye. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba luphawu lwemeko enzima efana nomhlaza wobuchopho okanye isifo sohlangothi. |
| I-Miosis (ukuxinana kwamehlo) | Impundu emnyama idla ngokuba ncinci kakhulu (ixinene). Le meko inokubangelwa ngamayeza athile, ukusetyenziswa kwee-narcotics (opiates), okanye ezinye izifo zemithambo-luvo. |
| I-Mydriasis (ukwanda kwe-iris) | Elinye icala le-miosis kukuba umfundi uhlala evuleke. Oku kunokubangelwa ngamaconsi athile emehlweni, umonakalo wemithambo-luvo, okanye umonakalo wobuchopho. |
| Umfundi kaMarcus Gunn | Ukuba iliso lakho elimnyama aliphenduli ngendlela eqhelekileyo xa ugqirha ekhanyisa ithotshi elisweni lakho, oko kungaba luphawu lwengxaki kwimithambo-luvo yokukhanya. |
| Isifo sikaHorner | Le yimeko engaqhelekanga. Ichaphazela icala elinye lobuso neliso. Inxulumene naleIimpawu ziquka ukugoba kwejwabu, ukugoba kwejwabu, kunye nokuncipha kokubila kwelo cala lobuso. |
| Ukukhubazeka kwemithambo-luvo yesithathu yentloko | Le yimeko echaphazela umthambo omkhulu olawula intshukumo yamehlo ethu kunye neliso elimnyama. Oku kubangela ukuba iliso elimnyama likhule kwaye iliso lijike liye phambili nasezantsi. |
| Ukulimala kobuchopho okubangela usizi (TBI) | I-concussion kukwenzakala kwengqondo okwenzeka xa intloko ibetheke kakhulu ndaweni ithile. I-concussion yenye yezi zinto. Kwingozi enjalo, into yokuqala ugqirha aza kuyijonga ukuze abone ukuba kukho uxinzelelo engqondweni kukuba kukho utshintsho na kwi-black inguinal ligament. |
Ukongeza kwezi meko, izinto ezifana ne -cataracts kunye neentlobo ezithile zeentloko ezibangelwa ziintloko ezidibeneyo nazo zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kunye nobukhulu beliso elimnyama.
Ugqirha uzijonga njani ezi meko?
Usenokuba uzibuza ukuba ugqirha angayibona njani into engaqhelekanga kulwimi lwakho olumnyama. Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi anokuzisebenzisa ukuze afumanise.
- Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwamehlo: Apha, ugqirha usebenzisa ithotshi encinci ukukhanyisa amehlo akho omabini ngokutshintshana ukuze abone ukuba zombini ii-retina zisabela ngokulinganayo nangokufanelekileyo.
- Ukusebenzisa amathontsi eliso akhethekileyo anonyango: Ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa amathontsi eliso akhulisa okanye anciphisa iliso elimnyama, kwaye iliso elimnyama liyasabela kuwo ukuzama ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni ingxaki.
- Uvavanyo lwezinye iimeko: Ingxaki yeliso elimnyama ayisiyongxaki yeliso nje kuphela. Inokuba luphawu lwesifo esinzima kwenye indawo emzimbeni, mhlawumbi ebuchotsheni. Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi, ii-CT scans, okanye ii-MRI scans ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona utshintsho kubungakanani beezangqa zakho ezimnyama, okanye ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho embonweni wakho.
Singenza ntoni ukuze sigcine amehlo ethu esempilweni?
Kulungile, ngoko ke singenza ntoni ukugcina amehlo ethu, kuquka namehlo ethu amnyama, esempilweni? Ukuba uzenza umkhwa ezi zinto zincinci, amehlo akho aya kuba namandla kakhulu.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, ukuzama ukuyeka yenye yezona zinto zinkulu onokuzenzela amehlo akho. Ukutshaya kunxulunyaniswa ngokuthe ngqo nezifo ezininzi, ezinje nge-cataracts kunye nomonakalo we-retina.
- Fumana ukutya okunempilo: Faka imifuno eluhlaza kunye nemifuno eluhlaza (njengespinatshi kunye nekale), intlanzi ye-omega-3 efana nesalmon, i-tuna, kunye ne-mackerel, ii-walnuts, kunye nembewu yeflakisi ekutyeni kwakho. Kwakhona, sela amanzi amaninzi.
- Ukuzilolonga: Zilolonge ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezi-5 ngeveki. Abantu abanezifo ezifana neDiabetes Mellitus banamathuba amaninzi okuba neengxaki zamehlo. Ukuzilolonga kunokunciphisa loo mngcipheko.
- Nxiba iiglasi zokhuseleko: Nxiba iiglasi zelanga ezikhusela kwimitha ye-UV xa uphuma elangeni. Kwakhona, ukuba wenza umsebenzi wesinyithi, umsebenzi wokhuni, okanye udlala imidlalo, ukunxiba iiglasi zokhuseleko kunokuthintela ukwenzakala kwamehlo.
- Lumka xa usebenzisa iilensi zokunxibelelana: Ukuba unxiba iilensi zokunxibelelana, hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi ngaphambi kokuba uzifake uze uzikhuphe. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokuzicoca kunye nexesha elingakanani lokuzinxiba.
- Nika amehlo akho ikhefu (umthetho we-20-20-20): Ukuba uchitha ixesha elininzi ujonge ikhompyutha okanye ifowuni yakho, rhoqo emva kwemizuzu engama-20, jonga into ekude kangangeemitha ezingama-20 imizuzwana engama-20. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ngumthetho we-20-20-20. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu uxinzelelo lwamehlo.
- Hlola amehlo akho rhoqo: Nokuba awunangxaki, hlola amehlo akho rhoqo njengoko ugqirha wakho ekucebisa. Ukuba uneengxaki ezifana ne-glaucoma okanye isifo seswekile, uhlolo rhoqo lubalulekile.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Imbombo yeliso lakho ayilobala nje elimnyama, kodwa yeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo yokungena kokukhanya kweliso lakho.
- Kuqhelekile kwaye kusempilweni ukuba indandatho emnyama itshintshe ubungakanani ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bokukhanya.
- Ukuba izangqa zakho ezimnyama zitshintsha ngequbuliso ngobukhulu (esinye siba sikhulu, esinye siba ncinci), okanye ukuba azibonakali ngathi ziyasabela ekukhanyeni, oko kungaba luphawu lwesifo esibi. Kwimeko enjalo , musa ukuchitha ixesha uye kugqirha.
- Ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, ukuphepha ukutshaya, kunye nokuhlolwa kwamehlo rhoqo kunokukunceda ukukhusela amehlo akho axabisekileyo ixesha elide.
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