Ngaba ungafumana i-rabies xa ulunywe sisilwanyana? Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi

Ngaba umntwana wakho wakrwelwa yinja elahlekileyo ngelixa edlala ebaleni? Okanye ngaba wakrwelwa kancinci ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yasekhaya ngelixa uzama ukubamba ilulwane eliwe eluphahleni? Izinto ezinje zinokwenzeka ebomini bethu. Uninzi lwexesha, asiyihoyi le mikrwelo mincinci. Kodwa umonakalo onokubangelwa zezi zinto zincinci awuncinci. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esiyingozi esinokudluliselwa kwisilwanyana esinjalo, esingenanyango ukuba siyavela, kodwa sinokuthintelwa nge-100% ukuba uyazi kwangaphambili. Yiyo loo rabies, okanye njengoko sonke sisazi, iRabies.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-rabies?

I-Rabies sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane (i-Rabies virus - RABV). Idluliselwa kakhulu ngamathe esilwanyana esinale sifo. Khawuthelekelele, inja enesifo se-rabies ikuluma. Intsholongwane esematheni esilwanyana ingena emzimbeni wakho ngenxeba. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa ukuba amathe esilwanyana angena enxebeni elikrwelekileyo, okanye ukuba la mathe angena emehlweni, empumlweni, okanye emlonyeni, ungafumana esi sifo.

Eyona nto imbi kakhulu ngale nto kukuba akukho nyango lwayo xa kuvela iimpawu, kwaye ibulala nge-100%. Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba ukuba ufumana unyango olufanelekileyo emva nje kokuluma, ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu, unokuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukuba esi sifo singabikho. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kangaka ukuqaphela oku.

Isebenza njani intsholongwane yesifo serabies emzimbeni?

Oku kufana notshaba olufihlakeleyo. Emva kokuba isilwanyana sikulumile, le ntsholongwane ingena emzimbeni ngenxeba kwaye ayibangeli zifo zikhawulezileyo. Ihamba kancinci kakhulu. Ihamba kancinci ngemithambo-luvo yethu ide ifikelele kwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ephakathi, eyi-spinal cord kunye nengqondo.

Olu hambo lungathatha iiveki, ngamanye amaxesha iinyanga, kwaye kunqabile ukuba kube neminyaka. Eli xesha silibiza ngokuba lixesha lokufukama . Ngeli xesha, awuyi kubonakalisa zimpawu. Awuyi kuva nto. Kodwa intsholongwane iyasebenza emzimbeni wakho.

Umdlalo wokwenyani uqala xa intsholongwane ifika engqondweni. Kulapho yonakalisa khona inkqubo yemithambo-luvo kwaye ibangele iimpawu eziyingozi. Ngaphaya koko, esi sifo asilawuleki, ekugqibeleni sikhokelela kwi-coma nokufa.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonakaliswa ngabantu?

Iimpawu zesifo somqala azibonakali ngequbuliso. Zivela ngamanqanaba. Iimpawu zokuqala zifana kakhulu nezomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, ngoko abanye abantu banokuzityeshela.

Iimpawu zeProdromal

Ezi mpawu zinokuhlala iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezilishumi emva kokuba intsholongwane ingene kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo.

• Tshisa kakhulu.
• Ukudinwa kakhulu.
• Ukutsha, ukurhawuzelela, ukuba ndindisholo, okanye intlungu kwindawo ekulunywe yisilwanyana . Olu luphawu oluthile.
• Ukukhohlela kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu.
• Intlungu yomzimba.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.

Iimpawu ze-neurologic ezibukhali

Kule nqanaba, intsholongwane iqalile ukonakalisa kakhulu ingqondo kunye nomqolo. Ezi mpawu zinokwenzeka ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili.

Nokuba ziziphi na iimpawu, ekugqibeleni ziya kukhokelela kwi-coma nokufa. Ngoko ke ukulinda ukuba iimpawu zibonakale akulunganga.

Zeziphi izilwanyana ezidlulisela isifo seengcongconi?

I-Rabies inokuchaphazela nasiphi na isilwanyana esanyisayo (isilwanyana esinegazi elifudumeleyo). Phakathi kwezilwanyana ezisingqongileyo eSri Lanka, esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kwizinja ezilahlekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka sikhathazeke ngezi zilwanyana:

• I-Puso
• Ilulwane
• UMugatiyo
• Izilwanyana zasefama ezifana neenkomo neebhokhwe
• Impungutye

Kodwa khumbula, nenja okanye ikati yakho ingafumana esi sifo ukuba ayigonyelwanga ngokufanelekileyo i-rabies. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukugoma izilwanyana zakho ngexesha.

Yintoni omele uyenze ngoko nangoko xa ulunywe sisilwanyana?

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo kweli nqaku. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ulunywe okanye ukrwelwe sisilwanyana, yenza ezi zinto ngaphandle kokulibazisa .

1. Hlamba inxeba: Hlamba inxeba ngoko nangoko kakuhle phantsi kwamanzi abalekayo (phantsi kwempompo) ngesepha namanzi malunga nemizuzu eli-10-15. Oku kunokususa uninzi lwentsholongwane enxebeni. Olu lolona ncedo lokuqala lubalulekileyo.

2. Bona ugqirha: Emva kokuhlamba inxeba, yiya kwangoko kwisibhedlele sikarhulumente esikufutshane okanye kugqirha. Cacisa okwenzekileyo kanye. Nika iinkcukacha ezifana nokuba isilwanyana esikulumileyo sasinjani, ukuba uyasazi na isilwanyana, nokuba isilwanyana sasiziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga na.

3. Ukufaka amayeza enxebeni: Musa ukufaka nantoni na efana netshokhwe, umgubo wetshili, okanye ikofu enxebeni. Kwakhona, musa ukubopha inxeba. Ugqirha uya kunika unyango olufunekayo.

4. Ukufumana unyango: Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwenxeba lakho kunye nolwazi malunga nesilwanyana, ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba ufuna ukufumana uthotho lwemigonyo yesifo serabies (post-exposure prophylaxis/PEP).

Yintoni uthotho lokugonyelwa irabies (PEP)?

I-PEP lunyango olunikwa ukuthintela i-rabies emva kokulunywa sisilwanyana. Ineenxalenye ezimbini eziphambili.

• Isitofu sokugonya iRabies: Olu luluhlu lweenaliti ezinikwa kwiintsuku ezininzi. Ngokwesiqhelo iinaliti ezi-4 okanye ezi-5 zinikwa kwiintsuku ezi-0, 3, 7, kunye ne-14 (ngamanye amaxesha ezingama-28). Olu nyango lufundisa amajoni omzimba wakho ukuba alwe nentsholongwane yeRabies.
• I-Human Rabies Immune Globulin (HRIG): Le inikwa abantu abangazange bafumane i-rabies vaccine ngaphambili, ingakumbi kwiimeko zokulimala kakhulu. Isebenza ngokufaka ii-antibodies enxebeni ukuze ilwe nentsholongwane de umzimba wakho wakhe amasosha omzimba. Kufana nokuzisa iyunithi yamandla akhethekileyo evela ngaphandle de umkhosi womzimba wakho ulungele.

Ungazikhusela njani kwisifo somgada?

I-Rabies sisifo ekulula kakhulu ukusithintela kunokusinyanga.

• Goma izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya: Qiniseka ukuba ugoma izinja zakho kunye neekati zakho kwisifo somgada ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
• Musa ukuvumela izilwanyana zasekhaya zikhululeke: Zigcine phantsi kweliso lakho ukuze zingadibani nezinye izilwanyana ezigulayo.
• Musa ukusondela kwizilwanyana ongazaziyo: Musa ukusondela kwizinja okanye kwiikati ongazaziyo ezisesitratweni, ezingenamnini, okanye ezingenagama. Fundisa nabantwana bakho ngale nto.
• Zigcine kude nezilwanyana zasendle: Musa ukusondela okanye wondle izilwanyana zasendle. Ukuba ubona isilwanyana esonakeleyo, musa ukusondela okanye wondle kwaye yazisa amagosa ezilwanyana zasendle.
• Ukuba isilwanyana siziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga: Ukuba isilwanyana sibangela uqhushululu ngaphandle kwesizathu, okanye sihlasela wonke umntu, hlala kude naso. Yixele kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo loo nto.
• Abantu abakwimisebenzi enobungozi obukhulu: Iingcali zezilwanyana, abaphathi bezilwanyana, kunye namagosa ezilwanyana zasendle balumkile ukuba bafumane isitofu sokugonyelwa irabies (pre-exposure prophylaxis/PREP) kwangaphambili. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.

Ufanele uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU)?

Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha nangaliphi na ixesha emva kokulunywa sisilwanyana. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezilandelayo, yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.

• Ukuba inxeba linzulu.
• Ukuba ukopha okuvela enxebeni akunakunqandwa.
• Ukuba inxeba likwindawo enemithambo-luvo emininzi, njengobuso bakho, intamo, okanye iiminwe.

Isifo seRabies asisosifo esimele sithathwe lula. Kodwa asiyonto yokoyika. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi nokwenza izinto ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ukugonya isilwanyana sakho ngexesha, ukulumka kwizilwanyana ongazaziyo, nokufuna unyango olufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokulibazisa xa kukho ingozi yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela wena nosapho lwakho.