Sonke sicinga ukuba ikhaya lethu lelona ndawo ikhuselekileyo ehlabathini, akunjalo? Intuthuzelo nokhuseleko esiluvayo xa sifika ekhaya emva komsebenzi onzima wosuku... oko kuxabiseke kakhulu. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba kukho into engaphakathi emakhayeni ethu esingenakuyibona okanye siyinuke, kodwa enokuyonakalisa impilo yethu ngasese? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngotshaba oluthuleyo. Loo gesi ibizwa ngokuba yiRadon. Musa ukukhathazeka, ukuba siyazi ngale nto, kukho iindlela zokuzikhusela kuyo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iRadon?
Cinga ngayo, i-radon yigesi yendalo. Ngokuchanekileyo, igesi ye-radon yenziwa njengemveliso yenkqubo yezinto ezinemisebe ezifana ne-uranium, ezikhoyo ngokwemvelo emhlabeni wethu, emhlabeni, nasematyeni, ezibola kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ukuba le yinto yendalo, kutheni simele siyoyike? Nantsi ingxaki. Ngaphandle, le gesi isasazeka emoyeni, ngoko ke ayibangeli monakalo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba le gesi ingena emakhayeni ethu, inokubhajwa kwindawo enye kungekho ndlela yokuphuma.
Ngoko ke oku kungena njani emakhaya?
- Ukusuka kwiimfanta ezincinci kwiziseko zamakhaya ethu.
- Ukusuka kwimikrwelo eludongeni.
- Ngezikhewu ezenziweyo ukuze kungene izinto ezifana nemibhobho yamanzi kunye neengcingo endlwini.
Eyona nto iyingozi ngale gesi kukuba ayinambala, ivumba, okanye incasa. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba ikhaya lakho linamazinga aphezulu egesi yeradon, awuyi kuyiva konke konke. Awuyi kwazi nokuba uphefumla le gesi.
I-Radon iyichaphazela njani impilo yethu?
Sithi i-radon yigesi ekhupha i-radioactive. Ngamafutshane, le gesi ikhupha umsebe wamandla onamandla kakhulu, ongabonakaliyo. Xa siphefumla igesi ye-radon, amasuntswana e-radioactive akule gesi agcinwa emiphungeni yethu.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, la masuntswana aqhubeka nokukhupha imitha aze aqalise ukonakalisa iiseli ezibuthathaka emiphungeni. Lo monakalo unokuchaphazela i-DNA yezo seli kwaye ubangele ukuba zahlukane ngendlela engaqhelekanga nangokungalawulekiyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba ngumhlaza wemiphunga .
Ngokutsho kweengcali, ukuchanabeka ixesha elide kwigesi yeradon sesona sizathu sesibini esiphambili somhlaza wemiphunga emva kokutshaya . Le yingxaki enzulu kakhulu.
Nangona ezinye izifundo zijonge ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, ubungqina obunamandla bukhona ngoku malunga nonxibelelwano phakathi kwe-radon nomhlaza wemiphunga.
Ziziphi iimpawu zokuchasana neRadon?
Kulapho ingozi ikhona khona. Akukho zimpawu zokufumana i-radon kwangoko. Awukhohlisi, awuva ntlungu, awuva nto yahlukileyo. Le yinto ewonakalisa umzimba buthule.
Iingxaki zempilo ezibangelwa yi-radon, ingakumbi umhlaza wemiphunga, zingathatha iminyaka, kwanamashumi eminyaka (iminyaka eli-10, engama-20, okanye engama-30) ukuba zivele. Ngoko ke xa uqala ukubona iimpawu, esi sifo sisenokuba sele sihambele phambili.
Ngoko ke khumbula, indlela ekuphela kwayo yokwazi ukuba uchaphazelekile yi-radon kukungalindeli ukuba kuvele iimpawu, kodwa kukujonga isakhiwo okuso (ekhaya, kwindawo yokusebenza).
Ezi ziimpawu ezinokuvela ukuba umhlaza wemiphunga uvela ngokuhamba kwexesha:
- Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo.
- Ukuphefumla.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
- Ukukhohlela igazi nge-mucus.
- Iintlungu zesifuba.
- Izifo zokuphefumla ezixhaphakileyo ezifana ne-pneumonia okanye i-bronchitis.
- Ukwehla kobunzima obungachazekiyo kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu kwaye phi?
Nangona sonke sinokuchaphazeleka yi-radon ngandlela ithile, kwezinye iimeko umngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezo zinto.
| Iindawo okanye abantu abasengozini enkulu | Isizathu kunye nengcaciso |
|---|---|
| Abantu abatshayayo | Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukutshaya sele konakalisa imiphunga. Xa wongeza umonakalo we-radon kuloo nto, umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga awunyuki nje kuphela, kodwa uyanda amaxesha amaninzi. Ke ngoko, i-radon lutshaba olukhulu kumntu otshayayo. |
| Iindawo ezikufutshane nomgangatho womhlaba (umz. umgangatho womhlaba, isiseko esingaphantsi komhlaba) | Ngenxa yokuba igesi yeradon ivela emhlabeni, uxinano lwayo luphezulu kwiindawo ezikufutshane nomhlaba. Ekubeni inzima kunomoya, ayinyuki lula. |
| Izindlu ezivalwe kakuhle ezingenamoya ungako | Xa iifestile neengcango zivaliwe kakuhle kwaye kungekho ndlela yokuba umoya uphume, igesi yeradon iyaqokelelana ngaphakathi endlwini. |
| Abantu abasebenza kwiindawo ezifana nemigodi kunye neetonela | Ngenxa yokuba ezi ndawo zingaphantsi komhlaba kwaye zinomoya omncinci, amanqanaba e-radon anokuba phezulu kakhulu. |
Uyazi njani ukuba unesifo seRadon?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, akukho vavanyo ugqirha wakho anokuyenza ukuze akuhlole, enze uvavanyo lwegazi, okanye athathe i-X-ray aze athi, "Uye wachaphazeleka yi-radon."
Eyona ndlela yokwazi inqanaba le-radon kukuvavanya isakhiwo apho uchitha ixesha elininzi khona, oko kukuthi, ikhaya lakho.
Kukho izixhobo zovavanyo ezikhethekileyo zoku. Ezi zinokuba zizilingo zexesha elifutshane (iintsuku ezimbalwa) okanye zexesha elide (iinyanga ezimbalwa). Ngokwesiqhelo, isixhobo esikule sixhobo kufuneka sishiywe kwindawo ethile ekhaya ixesha elithile, size emva koko sithunyelwe kwilabhoratri ukuze sihlolwe.
Ukuze ufumane ukuba ezi ndawo zokuvavanya zinjani eSri Lanka, kungcono ukubuza kwiziko elifana ne-Atomic Energy Authority.
Ukuba ikhaya lakho livavanyiwe kwaye inqanaba le-radon lifunyenwe liphezulu kune- 4 pCi/L (ii-picocuries ngelitha) okanye i-148 Bq/m3 (ii-becquerels nge-cubic meter) , oko kuthathwa njengengozi empilweni.
Ukuba kunjalo, thetha nogqirha wakho wosapho ngale nto. Ingakumbi ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, thetha nogqirha wakho ngale ngozi kwaye ufumane iingcebiso malunga nokuhlolwa komhlaza wemiphunga ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Singenza ntoni ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba nokuba uyazi ukuba ikhaya lakho linamanqanaba aphezulu e-radon, kukho iindlela ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa la manqanaba. Ezi ndlela sizibiza ngokuba yi-"Radon Mitigation." Kungcono ukufuna uncedo kwingcali enamava kule nto.
| Indlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko | Kwenzeka ntoni nje? |
|---|---|
| Umchamo womhlabaUkufunxwa koMhlaba | Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo nephumelelayo. Umbhobho wePVC ubekwa phantsi kwesiseko sendlu, kwaye ifeni eqhagamshelwe kuyo ifunxa igesi yeradon emhlabeni ngaphambi kokuba ingene endlwini, ize iyikhuphele ngaphandle kwendlu, ngaphezu kophahla, emoyeni. |
| Uxinzelelo lwasekhaya | Ukusebenzisa ifeni, uxinzelelo lomoya ngaphakathi endlwini luphezulu kancinci kunoxinzelelo lomhlaba ojikeleze indlu. Oku kuthetha ukuba endaweni yokuba umoya utyhalelwe endlwini usuka emhlabeni, umoya utyhalelwa ngaphandle ngaphakathi endlwini, nto leyo ethintela i-radon ukuba ingangeni. |
| Ukutywina iintanda | Yonke imingxuma kunye nomsantsa kwisiseko, kumgangatho, nakwiindonga zivalwe ngezitywino ezikhethekileyo. Oku kukodwa akwanelanga, kodwa kusetyenziswa kunye nezinye iindlela. |
| Ukwandisa ukuPhepha koMoya | Ngokufaka ii-ventilators zokubuyisela ubushushu, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifana nezindlu ezingaphantsi komhlaba, igesi ye-radon eqokelelana ngaphakathi endlwini ixutywa nomoya wangaphandle, nto leyo enciphisa uxinano lwayo. |
Emva kokufaka le nkqubo yokuthintela, kubalulekile ukuvavanya kwakhona inqanaba le-radon ukuqinisekisa ukuba libuyele kwinqanaba elikhuselekileyo.
Izinto esinokuzenza sodwa
- Yandisa umoya ongenisayo: Soloko ugcina iifestile neengcango zivulekile ekhayeni lakho. Sebenzisa ifeni. Nangona esi sisisombululo sexeshana, siya kunciphisa ukuqokelelwa kweradon kwindawo enye.
- Yeka ukutshaya: Le yeyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza. Ayizukunciphisa nje umngcipheko wakho we-radon, kodwa iya kukunceda uphephe nezinye izifo ezininzi. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba ufuna uncedo.
- Musa ukuvumela ukutshaya ngaphakathi endlwini: Nokuba awutshayi, musa ukuvumela iindwendwe ukuba zitshaye ngaphakathi endlwini okanye kwigaraji.
- Vala iintanda: Ukuba kukho iintanda ezibonakalayo kumgangatho okanye eludongeni, zivale ngesamente okanye nge-sealant efanelekileyo.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukuba unemibuzo okanye unenkxalabo malunga nomngcipheko wakho womhlaza wemiphunga, thetha nogqirha wakho wosapho nangaliphi na ixesha. Ingakumbi,
- Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba ikhaya lakho linamanqanaba aphezulu e-radon.
- Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo okanye owayekade etshaya.
- Ukuba unempawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu zomhlaza wemiphunga ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili.
Ugqirha uza kuqwalasela zonke izinto ezikubangela umngcipheko aze akunike iingcebiso nesikhokelo esifunekayo malunga novavanyo omele ulwenze, ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Radon yigesi engenambala, engenavumba, ene-radioactive eyenzeka ngokwemvelo emhlabeni nasematyeni.
- Ukuvezwa kwesi gesi ixesha elide sesona sizathu sesibini esiphambili somhlaza wemiphunga emva kokutshaya.
- Ukuvezwa kwi-radon akubonisi zimpawu zikhawulezileyo. Umonakalo uvela buthule kangangeminyaka emininzi.
- Eyona ndlela yokwazi inqanaba le-radon ekhayeni lakho kukuyivavanya.
- Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga uyanda kakhulu xa uchaphazeleka yi-radon. Ukuyeka ukutshaya yeyona nto ingcono onokuyenza.
- Ukuba ikhaya lakho lifunyenwe linamanqanaba aphezulu e-radon, kukho iinkqubo zokunciphisa ubushushu eziluncedo kakhulu ezinokulinciphisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-99%. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika.
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