Ubusazi ngalo mthambo ubalulekileyo kwizintso zakho? Masithethe ngomthambo wezintso!

Ngaba wakha weva "ngemithambo yezintso"? Usenokuba ukhe weva ugqirha esitsho, okanye usenokuba ukhe wayifunda ndaweni ithile. Le yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu, ingakumbi enxulumene nokusebenza kwezintso zethu. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngayo namhlanje ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda?

Yintoni le mthambo wezintso?

Ngamafutshane, umthambo wezintso ngumthambo wegazi othwala igazi lisuka kwizintso zakho uliyise entliziyweni yakho. Igama elithi "izintso" lithetha "okuphathelele kwizintso." Izintso zifana nesihluzo samanzi endlwini yethu. Zifuna indlela yokuthumela elo gazi lihluziweyo, lihlanjululweyo emzimbeni. Leyo yindlela umthambo wezintso osebenza ngayo.

Ngokwesiqhelo, sonke sinezintso ezimbini. Ngoko ke izintso nganye inomthambo wezintso ohambelanayo. Oko kukuthi, kukho imithambo emibini eyahlukeneyo ethwala igazi lisuka kwezintso zimbini ukuya entliziyweni.

Yintoni eyenziwa yi-renal artery kunye ne-renal vein?

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga ukuba, akwanelanga na ukuba nomthambo ozisa igazi ezintsoni? Ewe, uchanekile! Umthambo ozisa igazi ezintsoni ubizwa ngokuba ngumthambo wezintso . Zombini umthambo wezintso kunye nomthambo wezintso ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi .

Cinga ngenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi njengenkqubo yeendlela ezinkulu ezithwala igazi emizimbeni yethu. Eli gazi:

• Ithwala ioksijini, iihomoni, kunye nezondlo kwizitho zethu zomzimba, kwimisipha, nakwizicwili.
• Ikwanceda ekususeni inkunkuma engafunekiyo emizimbeni yethu, efana nekhabhoni diokside, iiasidi, kunye namanzi agqithisileyo.

Ngoko ke, umthambo wezintso uthwala igazi elineoksijini ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya kwizintso. Izintso emva koko zihluza iityhefu kunye nezinto eziphilayo ezingafunekiyo kuloo gazi. Igazi elingenaoksijini, elicocwe ngale ndlela, emva koko lithwalwa lisuka kwizintso ukuya entliziyweni ngomthambo wezintso. Uyaqonda? Kufana nokuzisa izinto eziluhlaza kumzi-mveliso uze ukhuphe imveliso egqityiweyo.

Ziphi ezi zinto emzimbeni wethu?

Izintso zethu zifumaneka ngasemva kwesisu (isisu), ngaphantsi kwembambo esifubeni, kwaye zingaphezulu kancinci esinqeni.

• Umthambo Wezintso Wasekhohlo: Lo ufumaneka kwicala lasekhohlo lomzimba, emva komthambo we-splenic kunye ne-pancreas. Umthambo wezintso wasekhohlo mde kancinci kunowasekunene kuba ufumaneka kude ne-vena cava engaphantsi, enye yezona mithambo zikhulu emzimbeni. Unokuba malunga neesentimitha ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-10 (malunga nee-intshi ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4).
• Umthambo Wezintso Wasekunene:Ikwicala lasekunene lomzimba, ngasemva kwenxalenye ephezulu yamathumbu ethu amancinci (i-duodenum). Imfutshane kuneyasekhohlo, malunga neesentimitha ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4 (malunga ne-¾ ukuya kwi-1.5 intshi) ubude.

Umthambo wezintso ufumana igazi phi?

Umthambo Wezintso Wasekhohlo, njengoko benditshilo, mde, ngoko ke ufumana igazi kungekuphela nje kwintso yasekhohlo, kodwa nakwamanye amalungu amaninzi omzimba. Masibone ukuba zeziphi ezi:

• Umthambo we-Ureteral wasekhohlo: Ii-ureters ziityhubhu ezimbini ezithwala umchamo ukusuka kwizintso ukuya kwisinyi. Igazi elivela kwi-ureter kwicala lasekhohlo liqokelelana kulo mthambo.
• Umthambo weGonadal wasekhohlo: Iigonads, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-ovari kubasetyhini kunye namasende kumadoda, ziphuma ziye kumthambo wezintso wasekhohlo.
• Umthambo weAdrenal wasekhohlo: Ii-adrenal glands zii-glands ezimbini ezincinci, ezifana ne-cap-like phezu kwezintso. Zivelisa ii-hormone ezibalulekileyo ezifana ne -cortisol, i-epinephrine (adrenaline), kunye ne-norepinephrine (noradrenaline) . Ngoko ke, igazi elivela kwi-adrenal gland yasekhohlo nalo lijoyina lo mthambo.
• Umthambo weFrenic ongaphantsi kweLeft Inferior: I-diaphragm sisihlunu esikhulu esisinceda siphefumle. Igazi elivela kulo mthambo likwaphuma liye kwiLeft Renal Vein.

Nangona kunjalo, i-Right Renal Vein ifumana igazi elivela kwizintso zasekunene kuphela. Ayiqokeleli igazi kwiindawo ezininzi njengelekhohlo.

Igazi liya phi emva komthambo wezintso?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, izintso zihluza inkunkuma egazini. Ukongeza, zisebenzisa ioksijini kunye neswekile (iglucose) egazini ukuvelisa amandla. Igazi, elicociwe ngale ndlela, kodwa ngoku lingenaoksijini, lidlula kwimithambo yezintso lize lijoyine i-vena cava engaphantsi . Lo ngumthambo omkhulu ophambili othwala igazi elingenaoksijini ukusuka kwinxalenye esezantsi yomzimba wethu ukuya entliziyweni. Igazi emva koko liya entliziyweni, apho liphinda lithathe ioksijini kwaye liqalise uhambo lwalo kuwo wonke umzimba.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela imithambo yezintso?

Nangona yonke into ihamba kakuhle xa izinto zihamba kakuhle, ngamanye amaxesha ezinye iimeko zonyango zinokuchaphazela imithambo yezintso. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

• I-Nutcracker Syndrome: Oku kuchaphazela ngokukodwa i-Left Renal Vein. Kule meko, i-Left Renal Vein ibanjwa phakathi kwe-Abdominal Aorta kunye nomnye umthambo esiswini (i-Superior Mesenteric Artery). Kufana ne-nutcracker ebanjwe kumacala omabini. Oku kubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emthanjeni, oluthintela ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwizintso.
• I-Renal Vein Thrombosis: Oku kukwakheka kwe-blood clot kwi-renal vein. Ezinye iimeko zonyango, ezifana neengxaki ze-blood-clotting, umhlaza, kunye ne-nephrotic syndrome, zinokubangela olu hlobo lwe-blood clot.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa umthambo wezintso uvalekile?

Ukuba umthambo wezintso uvalekile, nokuba kungenxa yengozi okanye ihlwili legazi, oko kunokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo . Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Kusenokubakho iintlungu eziqatha , ingakumbi esinqeni.
• Usenokuba negazi kumchamo wakho (i-hematuria).
• Ukuba nesiyezi (ukutyhafa) kunokwenzeka xa umile (Orthostatic Hypotension).
• Ingabangela ukungafumani bantwana kwamadoda okanye kwabasetyhini .
• Umonakalo wezintso ungenzeka.
• Ukuphuma komchamo kusenokuba ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo (i-oliguria).
• Eyona nto iyingozi kukuba iqhekeza lelo hlwili legazi linokwaphuka lize linamathele emthanjeni emiphungeni (Pulmonary Embolism). Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukujonga impilo yemithambo yezintso?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba kukho ingxaki kwimithambo yakho yezintso, unokuyalela uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo zezi:

• I-CT Scan (I-CT - I-Computed Tomography Scan)
• I-Duplex/Doppler Ultrasound
• Iskeni se-MRI (i-MRI - Umzobo we-Magnetic Resonance)
• I-ultrasound
• I-Venogram: Kule nto, kufakwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo emithanjeni kwaye kuthathwa i-X-ray.

Usenokuphinda uhlolwe umchamo ukuze kuhlolwe amanqanaba aphezulu eeproteni (i-proteinuria) okanye igazi kumchamo wakho. Zombini ezi zinto zinokuba ziimpawu zomonakalo wezintso.

Singayigcina njani imithambo yethu yezintso isempilweni?

Kunzima ukwazi ukuba kukho into eyenzekayo ngqo kwimithambo yezintso. Nangona kunjalo, ukugcina izintso zethu kunye nenkqubo yonke yokujikeleza kwegazi zisempilweni kukwakhusela impilo yemithambo yezintso.

• Kungumbono olungileyo ukuba uhlolwe umzimba rhoqo ngonyaka. Oku kuya kukunceda wazi kwangaphambili ukuba usengozini yokuba negazi eliqhekekileyo.
• Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa oku kulandelayo:
• Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi (ukuba unesifo segazi esiphezulu).
• Amayeza okunciphisa igazi okanye amayeza okunciphisa igazi (ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi).
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kunceda ukugcina ukujikeleza kwegazi kakuhle emzimbeni.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi kunye nolwelo.
• Yongeza imifuno neziqhamo ezingakumbi ekutyeni kwakho.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Njengoko ubona, imithambo yezintso yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi, ingakumbi leyo ithwala igazi elivela kwizintso. Sisenokungaqondi kwangoko ukuba kukho iingxaki ngazo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuhlolwa rhoqo ngugqirha, oogqirha banokukhangela iimpawu zezi meko.

Ugqirha wakho ngoyena mthombo ulungileyo wolwazi malunga nokugcina izintso zakho kunye nemithambo yezintso ziphilile. Baza kukuxelela nento omawuyilindele ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki. Ngoko ke, ungoyiki ukuthetha nabo!

Umthambo Wezintso, Izintso, Ukuhamba Kwegazi, Imithambo, Isifo Semithambo, Impilo Yezintso