Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi uphefumla ngokukhawuleza, unesizungu, okanye unesizungu xa woyika kakhulu okanye unomsindo ngokwenene? Ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi unesizungu emlonyeni wakho. Usenokuziva ngathi isifuba sakho sixinene. Nangona abantu abaninzi becinga ukuba oku kuqhelekile, imeko yezonyango engasemva koku yileyo sithetha ngayo namhlanje ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Respiratory Alkalosis'. Nokuba eli gama livakala ngathi yinto enkulu, ungoyiki. Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula nangokucacileyo.
Yintoni i-Respiratory Alkalosis? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.
Ngamafutshane, i-Respiratory Alkalosis iyenzeka xa isixa seCarbon Dioxide (CO2) egazini lakho sincipha, nto leyo ebangela utshintsho kwi-acid-base balance yegazi lakho.
Cinga nje, xa siphefumla, sithatha ioksijini size sikhuphe i-carbon dioxide, akunjalo? Le yinkqubo eqhelekileyo emizimbeni yethu. Kodwa xa siphefumla ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, oko kukuthi, xa siphefumla ngamandla , imizimba yethu ikhupha i-carbon dioxide engaphezulu kunaleyo iyifunayo.
I-carbon dioxide yigesi eyongeza i-asidi ethile egazini lethu. Ngoku, kwenzeka ntoni xa sikhupha i-asidi eninzi emizimbeni yethu? I-asidi yegazi iyancipha kwaye amanqanaba e-alkaline ayanda. Kufana nokususa i-lime kwiglasi yamanzi ene-lime encinci kuyo, kwaye ubumuncu buyanyamalala.
Inqanaba le-acid-base egazini lethu lilinganiswa ngexabiso elibizwa ngokuba yi-pH . I-pH yegazi lomntu ophilileyo kufuneka ibe phakathi kwe -7.35 kunye ne-7.45 . Kwi-Respiratory Alkalosis, eli xabiso le-pH linyuka ngaphezulu kwe-7.45 ngenxa yokwehla kwe-carbon dioxide.
Kukwakho nemeko echasene ngokupheleleyo nale. Ibizwa ngokuba yi -Respiratory Acidosis . Okwenzekayo apho kukho ukwanda kwe-carbon dioxide egazini, kwaye ixabiso le-pH lehla ngaphantsi kwe-7.35. Oko kuthetha ukuba igazi liba ne-asidi.
Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-Respiratory Alkalosis?
Xa amanqanaba e-carbon dioxide ehla kwaye i-pH yegazi itshintsha, ichaphazela inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha. Yiyo loo nto siqala ukuva iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Ezi mpawu zinokuvela ngequbuliso, ingakumbi ukuba uphefumla ngokukhawuleza ixesha elide.
Ungafunda okungakumbi ngezi mpawu kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uphawu | Indlela onokuziva ngayo |
|---|---|
| Isiyezi | Ukuziva ngathi izinto ziyajikeleza. Usenokukufumanisa kunzima ukuma. |
| Ubukrelekrele | Uziva ngathi ulahlekelwa zingqondo, ngathi akukho nto ngaphakathi entlokweni yakho. |
| Ubungqindilili/Ukurhawuzelela - I-Paresthesia | Iincam zeminwe, iinyawo, kunye nomlomo zidla ngokuba ndindisholo, njengeembovane ezihambahambayo. |
| Ukuqina kwesifuba | Ukuziva uxinezelekile okanye ukungonwabi esifubeni, ngokungathi kukho ubunzima kuso. Abanye abantu bade boyike ukuba oku kukuhlaselwa yintliziyo. |
| Ukudideka | Kunzima ukugcina ingqondo yakho igxile, ungakwazi ukuqonda ukuba kwenzeka ntoni okanye ukuba ukuphi. |
| Isicaphucaphu | Uziva ungakhululekanga, ngokungathi uza kuhlanza. |
| Ukudinwa | Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu kwaye ndingenabomi. |
Yintoni enokubangela le meko?
Ngoku siyazi ukuba i-respiratory alkalosis ibangelwa kukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza kakhulu (hyperventilation). Ngoko ke, nantoni na ebangela ukuba siphefumle ngokukhawuleza kakhulu inokuba yimbangela. Ezi zizathu zinokuqala kwizizathu ezilula zengqondo ukuya kwiimeko ezinzulu zempilo.
Izizathu Zengqondo
Le yeyona sizathu sixhaphakileyo.
- Uxinzelelo okanye Ukuhlaselwa Yixhala:Xa usoyika kakhulu okanye uxhalabile, izinga lakho lokuphefumla liyanyuka ngokuzenzekelayo. Khawuthelekelele ukuba uyoyika kakhulu emva kokwenza uvavanyo. Okanye xa uziva ufuthanisekile kwindawo enabantu abaninzi. Emva koko ukuphefumla kwakho kunokunyuka ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ezi mpawu zinokuvela.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu: Intlungu ebuhlungu emzimbeni inokubangela nokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza.
- Umsindo okanye uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo: Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lwengqondo nalo luyimbangela yoku.
Izizathu Zomzimba kunye Neemeko Zonyango
- Umkhuhlane: Xa ubushushu bomzimba busanda, imetabolism yomzimba ikhawuleza, nto leyo enokunyusa izinga lokuphefumla.
- Ukukhulelwa: Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, utshintsho lweehomoni kunye noxinzelelo kwi-diaphragm olubangelwa kukukhula komntwana ngokwemvelo kubangela ukuba ukuphefumla kukhawuleze kancinci.
- Usulelo olunzima (iSepsis): Kwiisulelo ezinzulu ezichaphazela umzimba wonke, ezifana nesepsis.
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi: Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi.
- I-Hyperthyroidism: Ukukhawuleziswa kweenkqubo zomzimba ngenxa yokusebenza kakhulu kwe-thyroid gland.
- Ukulimala entloko: Ukonakala kwiziko lokulawula ukuphefumla engqondweni.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweNicotine: Ukungenisa iNicotine ngokutshaya, ukuvasa, njl.
Iimeko zokuphefumla
Ngamanye amaxesha, xa umzimba ungafumani ioksijini eyaneleyo (imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -hypoxia ), umzimba uzama ukubuyisa amandla ngokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokubangela ukuba kukhutshwe i-carbon dioxide egqithisileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-respiratory alkalosis.
- Ukukrala kwemiphunga
- Ukubethelwa kweMiphunga
- I-ARDS (i-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome)
Ezinye izizathu
- Ukusela amayeza anjenge-aspirin ngokugqithisileyo: Amanye amayeza, xa esetyenziswa kakhulu, anokuvuselela iziko lokuphefumla engqondweni.
- Umoya Ongeniswa Ngoomatshini: Le meko inokwenzeka kwisigulana esiqhagamshelwe kwisixhobo somoya esikwiyunithi yokhathalelo oluphezulu yesibhedlele ukuba useto olukumatshini alusetwanga ngokuchanekileyo.
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Xa usiya kugqirha oneempawu ezinjalo, uza kuqala akubuze imibuzo, afunde ngeempawu zakho kunye nokuba zivela nini. Emva koko uza kukuhlola.
Uvavanyo oluphambili lokuqinisekisa ngokuchanekileyo le meko luvavanyo lweArterial Blood Gas (ABG) .
Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yegazi kumthambo osesihlahleni sakho uze ulinganise ubungakanani beoksijini, ikharbon diokside, kunye ne-pH kuyo. Oku kukunika umbono ochanekileyo webhalansi ye-asidi-base yegazi lakho.
Ukongeza, ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela.
- I-Pulse Oximetry: Ukulinganisa inqanaba le-oksijini egazini ngesixhobo esincinci esifana ne-clip esinamathela emnweni.
- I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan: Ukujonga ukuba kukho ingxaki na emiphungeni.
- Ezinye iimvavanyo zegazi: Uvavanyo olufana nokubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo (CBC) okanye iphaneli ye-metabolic esisiseko (BMP) ejonga amanqanaba eeminerali emzimbeni.
- Uvavanyo Lokusebenza Kwemiphunga: Jonga ukuba akukho buthathaka na kwinkqubo yakho yokuphefumla.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqonde apha kukuba i-Respiratory Alkalosis luphawu kungekhona isifo. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa beyinyanga, oogqirha bagxila kakhulu kwingxaki yokuziva bediniwe okanye ukuba ndindisholo, kodwa kwisizathu esiyintloko.
- Ukuba unobangela lusulelo , kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
- Ukuba unobangela kukuqhekeka kwegazi emiphungeni , kuya kunikwa amayeza okunciphisa igazi ukuze kunyibilikiswe ihlwili.
- Ukuba unobangela kukuxhalaba , kukho iindlela zokukulawula, mhlawumbi unganikwa amayeza.
Ukuba uhlala uzifumana uphefumla ngamandla ngenxa yokuxhalaba, kukho into elula onokuyenza. Oko kuzama ukulawula ukuphefumla kwakho. Zama ukuphefumla ngokuzolileyo, kancinci, nanzulu.
Usenokuba ukhe weva abantu becebisa ukuphefumlela ebhegini yephepha. Injongo kukuphinda uphefumle i-carbon dioxide oyikhuphayo kwaye ubuyisele amanqanaba e-CO2 egazini lakho. Nangona kunjalo, ungaze wenze oku ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Ukuba iimpawu zakho zibangelwa kukungabikho kweoksijini (hypoxia), ukwenza njalo kunokwenza izinto zibe mbi ngakumbi.
Ngaba kufuneka ndiye kugqirha? Ngaba kufuneka ndiye kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (ETU)?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu, kuba ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpawu zinokuba luphawu lwemeko embi yempilo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kufuneka ubone nini ugqirha kwaye kufuneka uye nini esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
| Imeko | Isenzo Ekufuneka Sithathwe |
|---|---|
| Bona ugqirha wakho ukuba... | |
| Ukuba kufuneka uphefumle ngokukhawuleza rhoqo (hyperventilate). | Ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba imbangela yoku yinkxalabo okanye yenye imbangela yomzimba kwaye ufune unyango olufanelekileyo. |
| Ukuba uhlala ufumana iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-Respiratory Alkalosis (isiyezi, ukungaziva mnandi). | Kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga unobangela oyintloko. |
| Yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) ngoko nangoko ukuba... | |
| Ukuba ufumana iintlungu eziqatha esifubeni okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla . | Oku kungaba luphawu lwesifo esinzima, njengokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukugabha kwegazi emiphungeni. |
| Ukutyhafa okanye ukutshintsha imeko yengqondo . | Oku kusenokuba luphawu lokuba ingqondo ayifumani ioksijini eyaneleyo. |
| Ukuba kukho ukuxhuzula (ukuxhuzula) . | Le yimeko engxamisekileyo ekufuneka inyangwe ngokukhawuleza. |
| Ulusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, imilebe okanye iinzipho . | Olu luphawu lokuba inqanaba leoksijini emzimbeni liphantsi kakhulu. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-alkalosis yokuphefumla yimeko apho ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza (umoya ophuma ngamandla) kubangela ukwehla kwe-carbon dioxide (CO2) egazini, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi libe yi-alkaline.
- Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana nesiyezi, ukungaziva mnandi emilenzeni nasemlonyeni, kunye nokuxinana kwesifuba.
- Nangona le meko ingeyona ingozi, unobangela wayo ungasusela kwinto elula njengokuxhalaba ukuya kwinto enzulu njengokuqhekeka kwegazi emiphungeni (pulmonary embolism).
- Unyango alukho ngenxa yeempawu, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esiyintloko. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinzulu ezifana neentlungu eziqatha esifubeni, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, ukuxhuzula, okanye imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka , yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) ngoko nangoko. Thetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ufumane ulwazi olufanelekileyo malunga noku.
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