Usenokuba unyamekela ilungu losapho, mhlawumbi umzali ogulayo, okanye umntwana oneemfuno ezikhethekileyo. Ngumsebenzi omkhulu, kwaye uxanduva olukhulu. Kodwa kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva udiniwe kwaye udiniwe xa usenza oku ngalo lonke ixesha. Ngoko ke, le nkonzo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Respite Care" ilapha ukukunceda uthathe ikhefu elincinci, wenze umsebenzi wakho, kwaye ube nenkululeko encinci.

Yintoni le "nkonzo yokuphumla"?

Ngamafutshane, ukhathalelo lokuphumla yinkonzo yexesha elifutshane ekunceda ukuba uphumle kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla yokunyamekela umntu omthandayo. Eli khefu linokuba ziiyure ezimbalwa, iintsuku ezimbalwa, okanye iiveki ezimbalwa.

Ngeli xesha, omnye umntu – odla ngokuba yingcali eqeqeshiweyo – uthatha uxanduva lwakho lokukhathalela. Oku kungabandakanya ukunika amayeza ngexesha, ukulungiselela ukutya, okanye ukuthetha nawe nje ukuze ukhulule ubulolo bakho. Le nkonzo iluncedo kakhulu kubantu bayo yonke iminyaka, ukususela kubantu abadala ukuya kubantwana abancinci, ingakumbi abo banezidingo ezininzi zonyango.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba ukhathalela umntu onjalo, nawe ungacinga ngolu hlobo lonyango lokuphumla:

• Umntu onesiphene sengqondo okanye sophuhliso.
• Umntu onesifo esingapheliyo.
• Umntu onesifo esinxulumene nenkumbulo esifana ne-dementia.
• Umntu onengxaki ethile yempilo yengqondo (iMental Health Disorder).
• Umntu onesifo esingapheliyo.

Ungacwangcisa unyango lokuphumla kwangaphambili, okanye ungalufumana ngexesha likaxakeka. Ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili kunokukunceda ulawule ubomi bakho obuxakekileyo kwaye kukuncede uphephe ukudinwa ngumnakekeli . Umzekelo, ukuba kufuneka uye emsebenzini okanye unakekele abanye abantu ekhaya, ungacwangcisa ukufumana unyango lokuphumla imihla ngemihla okanye ngeveki. Unyango lokuphumla olukhawulezileyo lunokukunceda ukuba ugula ngequbuliso okanye awukwazi ukunyamekela umntu omthandayo ngenxa yemeko kaxakeka.

Kutheni ukhathalelo lokuphumla lubaluleke kangaka kuwe?

Ukhathalelo lokuphumla yindlela entle yokuqinisekisa ukuba umntu omthandayo ufumana unyango aludingayo, nokuba uneembopheleleko ezininzi. Ikwalithuba lokuba uphinde ufumane amandla akho, wenze into ephumzayo, okanye ube wedwa okwethutyana.

Amaxesha amaninzi, abanakekeli baziva benetyala ngokuthatha ikhefu. Bayawutyeshela ukudinwa kwabo ngokuthi, "Hayi, andidiniwe, ndiphilile." Isizathu soku kukuba uyamthanda umntu omthandayo kwaye uyayixabisa inyameko yakhe. Kodwa esinye isizathu sinokuba luloyiko lwakho kunye nokuthandabuza ukuba omnye umntu uza kuthatha indawo yakho.

Khumbula, nawe uyakufuna ukuphumla. Kuphela xa uphilile apho unokunyamekela ngcono umntu omthandayo.

Uphando lubonise nokuba kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ikhefu ekunyamekeleni abantu yonke imihla (nokuba akukho nto unokuyenza!). Ukuzinika ixesha kunokukunceda uphephe ukudinwa ngumnakekeli . Oku kunokwenzeka nakubani na, nokuba uzinikele kangakanani na. Ukunyamekela abantu ngexesha lokuphumla kunokukunceda ugxile, ugxile, kwaye ugxile ekuboneleleni ngononophelo olungcono.

Xa ukhetha inkonzo yokhathalelo lokuphumla ehambelana neemfuno zomntu omthandayo, ungaphumla usazi ukuba baza kufumana unyango olungcono kangangoko nangona ungekho. Ungafunda neengcebiso ezintsha kunye neendlela ezintsha kubaboneleli abatsha bokhathalelo.

Ndingayifumana phi le nkxaso yokuphumla?

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zomntu omthandayo, le nkonzo inokufikelelwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Ikhaya lakho: Xa ufumana inkonzo ekhaya, umntu omthandayo angahlala kwindawo eqhelekileyo nekhululekileyo.
• Kwikhaya lomnakekeli: Ngamanye amaxesha, le nkonzo ikwafumaneka nakwikhaya lomnakekeli. Inokuba yindawo ekhululekileyo njengekhaya.
• Amaziko Okhathalelo Lwabantwana: La maziko abonelela ngeenkonzo malunga neeyure ezisi-8 ngosuku ngeentsuku zeveki, ingakumbi kubantwana abakhubazekileyo ekukhuleni okanye ezinye iimfuno ezikhethekileyo. Kukwakho neenkonzo zokhathalelo lwabantu abadala kumaziko oluntu, kwiitempile, nakumakhaya abantu abadala.
• Ikhaya labalupheleyo okanye isibhedlele: Amanye amakhaya abalupheleyo kunye nezibhedlele zineendawo zokuhlala ixesha elifutshane. Ungacwangcisa kwangaphambili kwaye usebenzise oku xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
• Iinkampu: Kukho iinkampu ezithile abantu abaneemfuno ezizodwa abanokuziya kuzo. Ezi zibonelela ngethuba lokufunda izakhono ezixabisekileyo nokwenza abahlobo abatsha.
• Amakhaya Eqela: Amanye amakhaya eqela anikezela ngeenkonzo zokhathalelo lwexesha elifutshane, kuxhomekeke kwindawo. Olu lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwabo bafuna ukuhlala bezimele kwindawo ekhuselekileyo.
• I-Crisis Nursery: Ezi zibonelela ngononophelo olukhawulezileyo kwiintsana nabantwana abancinci. Ziluncedo kakhulu kubazali abangenamakhaya, abagula ngequbuliso, okanye abafuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Ngubani obonelela ngezi nkonzo zokhathalelo lokuphumla?

Kuxhomekeke ekubeni umntu omthandayo ufumana phi inkonzo, kwaye uyilungiselela njani. Abanye bababoneleli bale nkonzo baquka:

• Kusenokubakho Abasebenzi bezeMpilo baseKhaya abaya ekhayeni lakho.
• Abasebenzi abasebenza kumaziko ahlukeneyo nakumakhaya.
• Usapho lwakho okanye abahlobo bakho bacebe ukukunceda.
• Abantu abazithandelayo; abantu abeza emakhaya, kwiinkampu, kwiindawo zokugcina abantwana baze bancede.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, uqeqesho olufunekayo kwaba banakekeli lumiselwa yimithetho karhulumente neyengingqi. Ngokubanzi, ubungakanani boqeqesho okanye amava umnakekeli wakho afanele abe nawo buya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zomntu omthandayo. Njengoko iimfuno zakhe zonyango ziya zisiba nzima, umnakekeli kuya kufuneka aqeqeshwe kakuhle.

Uyikhetha njani inkonzo yokhathalelo lokuphumla efanelekileyo?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga iziqinisekiso kunye noqeqesho lomntu oza kunyamekela umntu omthandayo.

Ukuba ufumana inkonzo kwiziko okanye kwiziko:

Ukuba uqesha umntu oncedisayo kwimpilo yasekhaya ngearhente, okanye ukuba ufuna iziko lokugcina abantwana emini, buza umphathi oku kulandelayo:

• Ubakhetha kwaye ubaqeqesha njani ababoneleli beenkonzo zokhathalelo?
• Ngaba uyabajonga imvelaphi yabo?
• Zeziphi iintlobo zemisebenzi abasebenzi bakho abaqeqeshwe/abafanelekileyo ukuyenza?
• Ungayiphatha njani imeko engxamisekileyo okanye ingxaki xa ivele?

Ukuba ukhetha iziko lokugcina abantwana okanye elinye iziko, lityelele ubuncinane kube kanye. Xa ukhetha, qaphela oku kulandelayo:

• Ucoceko lunjani (ngokuphathelele oko unokukubona noko unokukuvumba).
• Ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zokhathalelo bajongana njani nabantu apho?
• Luhlobo luni lwendawo kunye nezibonelelo ezikhoyo zemisebenzi okanye ixesha lokuphumla?

Ukuba uza nomntu ekhaya wedwa:

Qhuba udliwanondlebe ngefowuni kuqala, uze udibane ubuso ngobuso. Buza ngezi zinto:

• Luhlobo luni lwemisebenzi abanamava okuyenza kwaye banomdla kuyo?
• Zithini izifundo zabo kunye neziqinisekiso zabo (cela amaxwebhu).
• Yiba namava okunyamekela abantu abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo (umz. iSifo sika-Alzheimer, i-ALS) umntu omthandayo anazo.
• Baziphatha njani xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo?

Emva kodliwanondlebe, ungalibali ukwenza ezi zinto:

• Cela iireferensi uze uthethe nomntu ngamnye.
• Yenza uhlolo lwemvelaphi.
• Bhala iinkcukacha malunga neenkonzo ezibonelelwayo, iiyure, imirhumo, kunye nolindelo. Xoxa ngezi nkcukacha nomboneleli weenkonzo zokhathalelo nize nifikelele kwisivumelwano.

Zithini iiNkonzo zoKhathalelo lweSifo sokuQala?

Ukhathalelo lwexesha lokuhlala usempilweni lubandakanya imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye neenkonzo zenkxaso ezenzelwe ubudala bomntu omthandayo, iimfuno zakhe kunye nezinto azithandayo. Iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zinikezelwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Njengoko igama lisitsho, ikunika (umnakekeli) ikhefu kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, ukongeza ekunikezeleni imisebenzi komnye umntu, ukhathalelo lwexesha lokuhlala usempilweni lukwabonelela ngeenkonzo ezininzi kumntu ofumana unyango. Ngoko ke, xa uceba unyango lwexesha lokuhlala usempilweni, ngumbono olungileyo ukucinga ngento umntu omthandayo ayidingayo kakhulu.

Umzekelo, ngaba uziva enesizungu? Ngaba angazuza kumsebenzi womzimba okanye ekuvuseleleni ingqondo? Ngaba ufuna uncedo lokusela amayeza okanye ukusebenza rhoqo? Yenza uluhlu lwezinto ozenzela umntu omthandayo yonke imihla kunye nesizathu sokuba zibalulekile. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba ukhethe ukuba loluphi uhlobo lonyango lokuphumla olulungele wena, nokuba kufuneka lube sekhaya okanye kude.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela oyilungiselela ngayo, ukhathalelo lokuphumla lunokunika umntu omthandayo oku kulandelayo:

• Incoko, amaxesha okuba wedwa.
• Imisebenzi yoluntu ecwangcisiweyo efana nokuzoba, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokudanisa.
• Imisebenzi ehlangabezana neemfuno zabo ezithile zengqondo okanye zophuhliso.
• Unyango olunezakhono, oluquka ukunika amayeza kunye nokuncedisa ekusebenziseni izixhobo zonyango.
• Uncedo kwiimfuno zemihla ngemihla ezinje ngokuhlamba, ukuya kwindlu yangasese, njl.
• Ukutya okuphekiweyo (ukuba akukho ekhaya) okanye uncedo ekuphekeni (ukuba usekhaya).
• Uthutho oluya kwiziko lokugcina abantwana okanye kwenye indawo.

Zithini iingenelo zokhathalelo lokuphumla?

Ngokucwangcisa kwangaphambili nokufumana unyango lokuphumla, unokuqiniseka ukuba unenkonzo ethembekileyo nokuba kukho imeko kaxakeka. Akuyi kufuneka ukhawuleze ufumane umntu uze wenze izigqibo ngokukhawuleza. Unyango lokuphumla olukhawulezileyo lunokukunceda udlule kwixesha elinzima obungalilindelanga.

Ukongeza koku, ukhathalelo lokuphumla lunezinye izibonelelo ezininzi ezikhethekileyo kuwe nakumntu omkhathalelayo.

Iingenelo zakho njengomnakekeli:

• Ukudinwa Okugqithisileyo Kunokoyiswa kukudinwa ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwengqondo nangokweemvakalelo.
• Ungagcina ubudlelwane nabanye abantu ebomini bakho.
• Ungazalisekisa eminye imisebenzi, efana nomsebenzi kunye nokubonana nogqirha.
• Ungaphumla, uhambe uhambo, okanye wenze into oqhele ukungabi naxesha layo.
• Amandla akho okuzikhusela aya komelela ngakumbi (kuba uphumle kwaye uhlaziyekile).
• Ungafunda iingcebiso ezintsha kubanakekeli abanamava kwiimeko ezinje.

Iingenelo zomntu omthandayo ofumana unyango:

• Ungadibana nabanye abanamava afanayo, iimeko zempilo, okanye iimfuno ezifanayo.
• Ungenza abahlobo abatsha.
• Banokuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi ehambelana nezakhono zabo.
• Kuba lula ukuziqhelanisa neendawo ezintsha.
• Bafumana unyango oluhlangabezana neemfuno zabo zonyango.

Ixabisa malini le nto? Ngubani oza kuhlawula?

Kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlawulele le nkonzo ngemali yakho. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha unokufumana uncedo ngale nto:

• Uncedo oluvela kurhulumente okanye koorhulumente basekuhlaleni (umz. ngeSebe leeNkonzo zoLuntu).
• Iipolisi zeinshorensi yezempilo yabucala (jonga ukuba ipolisi yakho iyazigubungela na ezi zinto).
• Imibutho yoluntu kunye namaziko eenkonzo zokuzithandela.

Usenokukwazi ukufumana uncedo lwemali ngemibutho enceda abantu abaneemeko ezithile (umz., iSifo sika-Alzheimer okanye i-ALS). Indawo elungileyo yokuqala kukunxibelelana namacandelo asekuhlaleni aloo mibutho ukuze ufumane ukuba loluphi uhlobo loncedo olufumanekayo kunye nendlela yokufikelela kulo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqonda ukuba ungacela uncedo kwaye akukho nto imbi ngaloo nto.

Ndingayifumana ixesha elingakanani le nkonzo?

Eyona nto iphambili kubantu abaninzi ziindleko. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisakhono sakho sezemali kunye nenkxaso oyifumanayo, unokukwazi ukulungiselela le nkonzo kangangeeyure ezimbalwa, iintsuku ezimbalwa, okanye iiveki ezimbalwa. Fumanisa ukuba ingakanani na inshorensi yezempilo yomntu omthandayo eya kuyibonelela. Oku kuya kukunceda ucwangcise ixesha onokuyifumana ngalo le nkonzo.

Uyifumana njani inkonzo efana nale?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezinokukunceda ufumane inkonzo efana nale:

• Buza ugqirha wakho wosapho. Basenokuba bayayazi indawo ezibonelela ngezi nkonzo.
• Buza igosa leenkonzo zentlalo kwisibhedlele okanye kwikliniki yasekuhlaleni.
• Buza imibutho yoluntu kunye neendawo zonqulo. Basenokuba bayazi ngeenkonzo zokuzithandela okanye iinkonzo ezingabizi kakhulu.
• Khangela ulwazi kwi-intanethi. Khangela usebenzisa amagama anje "Respite care Sri Lanka".
• Buza abantu abasele besebenzisa ezi nkonzo. Amava abo aya kukunceda kakhulu.

Xa uqhele ukunyamekela umntu, kunokuba nzima ukudlulisela loo mbopheleleko komnye umntu. Mhlawumbi kungenxa yokuba umazi kakuhle umntu omthandayo, zonke iimfuno zakhe zonyango, zonke izinto azithandayo nangazithandiyo. Okanye mhlawumbi kungenxa yokuba uyoyika ukuba kukho into eza kungahambi kakuhle ngelixa ungekho, kwaye uya kuzisola ngokumshiya ekhathalelweni lomnye umntu. Nokuba siyintoni na isizathu, khumbula, akukho mntu unamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo. Akukho mntu unokwenza yonke into eyedwa, kwaye akukho mntu ulindele ukuba ube njalo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ukhathalelo lokuphumla yindlela entle yokuqinisekisa ukuba umntu omthandayo ufumana unyango aludingayo ngelixa ekunceda ukuba uphathe imisebenzi emininzi ngaxeshanye. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhathazekile ngento eza kwenzeka ngelixa ungekho, awuyi kukwazi ukugxila kweminye imisebenzi okanye ufumane ikhefu.Kungoko ke kubalulekile ukwenza uphando lwakho ngaphambi kokukhetha inkonzo yokhathalelo lokuphumla. Ndwendwela iindawo ezinokubakho (kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, ukuba kunokwenzeka). Thetha nabanakekeli. Buza ngoqeqesho kunye neziqinisekiso zabanikezeli beenkonzo zokhathalelo. Okukhona usazi ngakumbi ngezi nkonzo, kokukhona uya kukhululeka ekwamkeleni uncedo lokunyamekela umntu omthandayo. Kuba, eneneni, xa kufikwa kwizinto ezinje, "kufuneka ilali." Awuwedwa, cela uncedo.

Ukhathalelo lwexesha lokuphumla, ukhathalelo lwabahlengikazi, ukhathalelo, impilo yengqondo, ukugula okungapheliyo, ukhathalelo lwabantu abadala, ukudinwa ngumnakekeli