Ngaba ukutya iimbotyi ze-castor kunokubangela ityhefu? Masifunde ngetyhefu ye-ricin!

Ngaba wakha weva ngeembotyi ze-castor? Mhlawumbi unembotyi ze-castor emyezweni wakho. Sisebenzisa ioyile ye-castor kwizinto ezininzi. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba kukho ityhefu eyingozi kakhulu ngaphakathi kwezi mbotyi ze-castor? Le tyhefu ibizwa ngokuba yi-ricin. Le tyhefu ibizwa ngokuba yi-ricin yiproteni. Ngokuhlafuna okanye ukuginya iimbotyi ze-castor, le ricin ingangena emzimbeni wakho ize ikwenzakalise. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale tyhefu ye-ricin ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

Yintoni ityhefu ye-ricin? Yenzeka njani loo nto?

Ngamafutshane, ubuthi be-ricin sisifo esibangelwa zizinto ezinobuthi zembewu yesityalo se-castor. Ezi mbewu ziyacutshungulwa xa kusenziwa ioyile ye-castor. Nangona kunjalo, ezi mbewu ziqulathe inani elincinci kakhulu leprotheyini enobuthi ebizwa ngokuba yi-ricin. Kuphela xa imbewu ye-castor ihlafunwa kwaye iginyiwe apho le ricin ikhutshwa kwaye yonakalise umzimba.

Khawucinge nje, ngamanye amaxesha xa abantwana abancinci bedlala, babona amandongomane anemibala egadini baze bazame ukuwafaka emlonyeni wabo. Le ngozi ivela xa befaka i-castor bean emlonyeni wabo baze bayihlafune.

Zithini iimpawu?

Iimpawu zetyhefu ye-ricin ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ityhefu engene ngayo emzimbeni . Kwakhona, okukhona iimpawu zinzima, kokukhona ityhefu inzima. Iimpawu zisenokuqala ukubonakala kwiiyure ezine ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibini emva kokuvezwa. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, iimpawu zingathatha iintsuku ezininzi ukuba zibonakale.

Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili i-ricin enokungena ngazo emzimbeni:

• Ngokutya (ukuginya)
• Ngokuphefumla (ngokuphefumla)
• Ngokufaka inaliti phantsi kolusu

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba i-ricin ayifunxwa lula ngesikhumba. Ke ngoko, nokuba i-ricin idibana nesikhumba, ayibangeli monakalo mkhulu, mhlawumbi ukurhawuzelelwa okanye ukutsha okuncinci. Nangona kunjalo, i-ricin inokufunxwa emzimbeni ngee-membranes ezithambileyo ngaphakathi kwempumlo nasemlonyeni, nangamehlo.

Iimpawu zokuginywa

Imbewu yeCastor ineqokobhe langaphandle eliqinileyo. Ukuba imbewu igwinyiwe ngaphandle kokuhlafunwa, ingadlula esiswini ngaphandle kokwenzakala okukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imbewu ihlafunwa, iqokobhe liyaqhekeka kwaye kukho umngcipheko wetyhefu ye-ricin.

Iimpawu zokutyhefeka kokutya zihlala ziqala kwiiyure ezine ukuya kwezintandathu. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimpawu ezinzima kakhulu zingathatha usuku olunye ukuya kwezintathu ukuba zivele. Ezi mpawu ziquka:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu (urhudo)
• Ukudinwa okanye ukuquleka ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (Hypotension)
• Ukuhlanza kunye nesicaphucaphu
• Igazi elisemhlanzweni okanye esitulweni (Melena)

Iimpawu ezibangelwa kukuphefumla

Ukuba i-ricin ifunxwe, oko kukuthi, ifunxwe njengomgubo, iimpawu zihlala ziqala kwiiyure ezine ukuya kwezisibhozo. Ezi mpawu zezi:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukukhwehlela
• Ifiva
• Intlungu yamalungu (i-Arthralgia)
• Isicaphucaphu
• Umqala obuhkungu
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea)
• Isandi sokubetha umlozi xa uphefumla

Iimpawu ezibangelwa kukufakwa inaliti

Kwezinye iimeko, umntu angazama ngolunya ukufaka i-ricin emzimbeni womntu. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, iimpawu zisenokungabonakali kwangoko. Zingathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezili-12 ukuba zibonakale. Ezi mpawu ziquka:

• Ulusu olunamadyungudyungu
• Ifiva
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Umnqweno wokutya
• Isicaphucaphu
• Ububomvu kunye nokudumba kwindawo yokutofa
• Ukufa kwezicubu kwindawo efakwe inaliti (iNecrosis)

Yintoni ebangela ubuthi be-ricin?

Zimbini iindlela eziphambili ezinokubangela ubuthi beerasintyisi: nokuba kukutya imbewu yecastor okanye ukudibana neerasintyisi ezicutshungulweyo. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nanye kwezi ixhaphake kakhulu.

Ukufumana ioyile yecastor akunzima. Ioyile yecastor ilinywa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela, ngakumbi ngeenjongo zoshishino. Izityalo zeoyile yecastor zikhula endle kuwo onke amazwekazi ngaphandle kweAntarctica. Kwamanye amazwe, njenge-United States, imithi yeoyile yecastor ikhuliswa ngeenjongo zokuhombisa. Le yindlela ephambili abantwana abancinci abatya ngayo ioyile yecastor ngengozi. Kukwakho neengxelo zabantu abahlafuna ioyile yecastor ngenjongo yokuzibulala.

Enye indlela esetyenziswa kakhulu kukuba i-ricin yenze ulwaphulo-mthetho. Umzekelo, i-ricin ingasetyenziselwa ukubulala umntu. Kukwakho nethuba lokuba i-ricin isetyenziswe kuhlaselo lwabagrogrisi. IZiko lase-US Lokulawula Nokuthintela Izifo (i-CDC) lidwelisa i-ricin njengesixhobo esinokubakho sebhayoloji. Nangona kunjalo, olo luhlu lukwathi i-ricin kulula ukuyisasaza, kodwa inamandla aphantsi okubulala.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

Iingxaki eziyingozi kakhulu zokutyhefwa yi-ricin azisoloko zisenzeka ngoko nangoko.

Iingxaki zokutya:

Eyona ngxaki iphambili yokutya i-ricin kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu omzimba. Amalungu achaphazeleka kakhulu zezi:

• Izintso
• Isibindi
• Ispleen

Iingxaki ezibangelwa kukuphefumla:

Ukuba i-ricin iphefumliwe, iingxaki ezinkulu ziqala phakathi kweeyure ezili-18 ukuya kwezingama-36 emva kokudibana nayo. Ziquka:

• Ukukhohlela igazi
• Ukudumba kwepulmonary
• Ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumla

Iingxaki ezibangelwa kukugonywa:

Iingxaki eziphambili zokusebenzisa i-ricin injection zezi:

• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu amaninzi
• Ukopha igazi engqondweni, entliziyweni, emiphungeni nasemathunjini

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, nokuba i-ricin ingene kangakanani emzimbeni, ukuba idosi yetyhefu iphezulu ngokwaneleyo kwaye awufumani unyango olufanelekileyo, ukufa kunokuvela.

"Khawucinge nje, into oyifakileyo emlonyeni wakho ucinga ukuba lithambo nje inokubangela imeko enzima kangaka. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka ucinge kabini ngaphambi kokuba ufake izinto ongazaziyo emlonyeni wakho."

Oogqirha bayifumana njani le nto?

Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukufumanisa ubuthi be-ricin. Okokuqala, babuza imibuzo malunga nendlela oyifumene ngayo le tyhefu emzimbeni wakho. Uvavanyo lwelabhoratri, olufana novavanyo lwegazi kunye novavanyo lomchamo, lunokunceda ekufumaneni uxilongo. Kukho iimvavanyo ezinokubona i-ricinine, enye ityhefu evela kwisityalo seoli ye-castor, kumchamo. Kodwa azenziwanga rhoqo kwizibhedlele ezininzi. Uninzi lwexesha, uvavanyo lwe-ricinine luyafumaneka kwiilabhoratri zasekuhlaleni.

Iphathwa njani?

Uninzi lonyango lwetyhefu ye-ricin lunyango oluxhasayo . Oko kukuthi, lulawula iimpawu kwaye lunceda umzimba uphile. Olu nyango luquka:

• Ukuba kukho ubunzima bokuphefumla, sebenzisa i-ventilator.
• Ulwelo olufakwa emthanjeni (IV).
• Ukunika amayeza okulawula isantya sentliziyo okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Unyango lokususa ubuthi emzimbeni olufana nokukhupha i-activated charcoal okanye ukuhlamba isisu (oku kwenzelwa ukususa ubuthi ngaphambi kokuba bungene emzimbeni).
• Ukutshintshiselana ngeplasma. Oku kuquka ukususa iplasma yakho yegazi, equlethe iiproteni ze-ricin, uze uyitshintshe ngeplasma ecocekileyo.

Ukuba oogqirha bayakrokrela okanye bayaqinisekisa ukuba kukho ityhefu ye-ricin, ungalaliswa esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ngale ndlela, ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu eziyingozi okanye iingxaki ezinokuvela kamva, unokunyangeka ngokukhawuleza.

Ugqirha wakho uya kuba ngumthombo ongcono wolwazi malunga nonyango olungcono lwemeko yakho. Ulwazi abalunikayo luya kuba lolona lufanelekileyo kwimeko yakho ethile.

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba utyhefwe yi-ricin?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba utyhefwe yi-ricin, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukufuna unyango olungxamisekileyo ngoko nangoko. Nangona kunjalo, kuxhomekeke kwindlela eyenzeka ngayo le tyhefu, kusenokubakho ezinye izinto onokuzenza.

Ukuba uyatya...

Ukuba ucinga ukuba usenokuba utyhefwe kukutya iimbotyi ze-castor, fowunela ngoko nangoko ku-1990 (inombolo yongxamiseko yaseSri Lanka) okanye uye kwigumbi longxamiseko elikufutshane. Ungaze uzame ukuzinyanga ekhaya.

Ukuba uphefumla...

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uphefumle into efana ne-ricin powder, yenza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Zama ukuhlala uzolile. Musa ukoyika.
• Suka ngoko nangoko kwindawo apho wawuchatshazelwe khona yityhefu. Phuma phandle uphefumle kakuhle.
• Musa ukuvumela nabani na ongakhange achaphazeleke yityhefu ukuba asondele kwindawo apho ityhefu ikhona. Ukuba oku kwenzeke kwindawo yakho yokusebenza, landela iinkqubo zokhuseleko ezisetyenziswa kuloo ndawo yokusebenza.
• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha ngoko nangoko.Ukuba amehlo okanye ubuso bakho buyacaphuka, zihlambe kakuhle ngamanzi. Ukuba unxiba iiglasi, zihlambe ngesepha namanzi. Emva koko ungaphinda uzinxibe.
• Fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni ngoko nangoko. Cacisa ngokweenkcukacha okwenzekileyo.
• Susa nayiphi na impahla enokuba ingcoliswe yityhefu. Sebenzisa into efana nesikere ukuba kunokwenzeka. Musa ukuyichukumisa indawo engcoliswe yityhefu (sebenzisa iiglavu ukuba unazo). Ukususa impahla yakho njengesiqhelo kunokusasaza ityhefu engakumbi kwabanye.
• Susa izinto zokuhombisa ezifana nemisesane, imigexo, namacici. Zibeke kunye neempahla zakho kwingxowa yeplastiki (ingxowa ephinda ivalwe yeyona ilungileyo). Bopha/vala ingxowa ngokuqinileyo, kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka, yibeke kwenye ingxowa. Xelela abancedisi bokuqala into oyenzileyo kule ngxowa.
• Landela imiyalelo yabantu abasabela kuqala. Basenokuzama ukukususa ukungcola kwangoko. Oku kuthetha ukususa impahla engcolileyo (ukuba awukakwenzi oko) uze uhlambe kakuhle ngamanzi. Ukuba abakususi ukungcola apho, baya kukususi ukungcola esibhedlele. Olu kucoca luya kukukhusela wena kunye nabo bakukhathaleleyo.

Ngaba oku akunakuthintelwa?

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela ityhefu yeediliya kukuphepha ukutya imbewu ye-castor. Ukuba unezilwanyana zasekhaya okanye abantwana abancinci ekhayeni lakho, licebo elihle ukususa imithi ye-castor ekhoyo okanye uphephe ukutyala emitsha. Ungaze uvumele abantwana abancinci badlale kufutshane nemithi ye-castor ngaphandle kolwalathiso lomntu omdala.

Abaphandi bazama ukufumana isitofu sokugonya i-ricin. Ngenxa yokuba i-ricin yiproteni, amajoni omzimba wethu anokufunda ukuzikhusela kuyo. Kodwa olu phando alukagqitywa, ngoko ke isitofu sokugonya siza kuthatha ixesha elide.

Ngaba akukho nyango lokunyanga ityhefu ye-ricin?

Hayi, akukho nyango luthile lwetyhefu ye-ricin okwangoku. Uphando luyaqhubeka, kodwa alukagqitywa. Okwangoku, kukho unyango oluxhasayo kuphela njengoko kukhankanyiwe apha ngasentla.

Ngaba oku kungaphetshwa?

Ewe, kunokwenzeka ukuba umntu aphile emva kokuba etyhefwe yi-ricin. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, malunga ne-98% yabantu abatyhefwe yi-ricin ngokutya imbewu ye-castor bayaphila. Ekubeni ityhefu ngokuphefumla okanye ngokujova inqabile, akukho datha icacileyo malunga nenqanaba lokusinda.

Ngaba ioyile yekastor ingabangela ityhefu ye-ricin?

Hayi, ioyile yekastor ayinayo i-ricin emva kokuba isetyenzisiwe ngokufanelekileyo.

Ioyile yeCastor ivunyiwe yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) njengeyeza lokukhupha isisu (nangona oku kungasetyenziswa kakhulu kule mihla, njengoko kukho ezinye iindlela ezingcono). Kukho ubungqina bokuba ioyile yeCastor ibisetyenziswa kwezonyango kangangeminyaka engamawaka. Kwakhona, amaxwebhu amandulo abonisa ukuba abantu babesazi ukuba imbewu inetyhefu kwaye bayisebenzisa ngononophelo. Namhlanje, ioyile yeCastor ngamanye amaxesha ivakaliswa kwimidiya yoluntu njengeyeza lasekhaya okanye unyango olumangalisayo. Kodwa iingcali zilumkisa ukuba uninzi lwezibonelelo ezikhankanyiweyo zizinto nje ezidumileyo.

Usenokuba woyika ukutyhefwa yi-ricin ngenxa yento oyibonileyo kwi-intanethi okanye oyifundileyo kwiphephandaba. Kodwa ukutyhefwa yi-ricin akuqhelekanga kangako. Ngokuhlala kude nezityalo ze-castor oil, nokuba kusendle okanye emyezweni wakho, unokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokutyhefwa. Ukuba ucinga ukuba usenokuba utyhefwe yi-ricin, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

• Imbewu yeCastor inetyhefu. Ungaze uyihlafune okanye uyiginye.
• Ukuba kukho imithi ye-castor kwiindawo apho kukho abantwana abancinci, lumka kakhulu. Musa ukuvumela abantwana bayichukumise okanye bayifake emlonyeni wabo.
• Musa ukufaka amandongomane, imifuno, okanye amagqabi ongawaqhelanga emlonyeni wakho.
• Ukuba kuvela iimpawu zetyhefu ye-ricin, musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
• Ioyile yeCastor ikhuselekile xa isetyenzwa kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, akulunganga ukusebenzisa ioyile eninzi kakhulu.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!

` i-ricin, ubuthi, imbewu ye-castor, ioyile ye-castor, iimpawu, unyango, uthintelo, （