Masifunde yonke into malunga nokuphazamiseka kwesisu okubangelwa yiSalmonella!

Emva kokutya isidlo osithengileyo evenkileni, okanye mhlawumbi into ephekiweyo ekhaya, isisu sakho siqala ukudumba, uzive ugula, uhlanza, uzive ubuthathaka... Ngaba wakha waba namava anje? Sihlala sikubiza oku ngokuthi "yityhefu yokutya". Isizathu esiphambili nesiqhelekileyo sokutyhefa ukutya ngale ndlela yintsholongwane iSalmonella. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokuba yintoni le salmonella, kwenzeka ntoni xa ingena emizimbeni yethu, kunye nendlela yokuzikhusela kuyo.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni iSalmonella?

I-Salmonella luhlobo lwebhaktiriya. Xa le bhaktiriya ingena emzimbeni wethu, ngokwezonyango siyibiza ngokuba yi-gastroenteritis, imeko ebangela iingxaki zesisu , ezifana norhudo , ukuqaqamba kwesisu, kunye nokuhlanza . Kodwa ngolwimi esiluthethayo, siyibiza ngokuthe ngqo ngokuthi "yityhefu ye-salmonella." Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwetyhefu yokutya olubangelwa yibhaktiriya ehlabathini. Kodwa into enye ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhaktiriya ye-Salmonella. Ezinye iintlobo zibangela izifo ezinzulu ezifana nomkhuhlane we-typhoid . Kodwa i-Salmonella ebangela le tyhefu yokutya iqhelekileyo esithetha ngayo namhlanje yahlukile.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa iSalmonella ingena emzimbeni?

Khawucinge ukuba utya ukutya okuqulethe i-salmonella bacteria. Le bacteria ingena esiswini sethu. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-asidi yesisu sethu kunye nenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba ziyazibulala ezi ntsholongwane . Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba iintsholongwane ezaneleyo zidlula ezi ndlela zokuzikhusela zingene emathunjini ethu, kulapho ingxaki iqala khona. Le bacteria ingena kwiiseli ezingaphakathi kwamathumbu ethu kwaye iqale ukuzitshabalalisa. Xa oku kusenzeka, kuba nzima kakhulu emzimbeni wethu ukufunxa amanzi kunye nezondlo ezivela emathunjini.

• Kutheni ndiba nesisu esibuhlungu ? Kuxa amathumbu onakele ngolu hlobo apho ndiba nesisu esibuhlungu kwaye ndizive ngathi ndiyahlatywa.
• Kutheni kukho urhudo? Urhudo ngamanzi angaphezulu angenakufunxwa ngumzimba. Oku kuzama komzimba ukukhupha iintsholongwane .

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana esi sifo?

Nabani na angafumana i-salmonella. Kodwa abanye abantu banokuba nayo, kwaye abanye banokuba yingozi ngakumbi ukuba bayayifumana. Masiwahlule la mngcipheko ube ziindidi ezimbini.

Zithini iimpawu ze-salmonella?

Iimpawu zingabonakala kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu emva kokuba ibhaktheriya yeSalmonella ingene emzimbeni. Ezi mpawu zenzeka kakhulu esiswini nasemathunjini ethu.

• Urhudo: Olu luphawu oluphambili. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho igazi elincinci kwindle.
• Umkhuhlane: Ungafumana umkhuhlane ukuba umzimba wakho ushushu kakhulu.
• Ukuqaqamba kwesisu kunye nentlungu: Intlungu isenokuvakala ngathi isisu sakho siyajika okanye siyajika.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: Ukuhlanza kunye nesicaphucaphu esingapheliyo sinokubakho.
• Intloko ebuhlungu: Abanye abantu baphathwa ziintloko ezibuhlungu.

Ngaba wonke umntu uza kuhlanza?

Hayi. Asinguye wonke umntu onesifo seSalmonella oza kuhlanza. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo lurhudo kunye nomkhuhlane. Ukuhlanza lolunye uphawu olufunyanwa ngabanye abantu.

Injani indle xa uneSalmonella?

Ngokwesiqhelo, indle ilulwelo kwaye ingadluliswa rhoqo. Oko kuthetha ukuba inamanzi. Ngamanye amaxesha , ukuba ubona igazi elincinci kwindle yakho, loo nto yinto ekufuneka uyixhalabele. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho.

Le salmonella ingena njani emizimbeni yethu?

Iintsholongwane zeSalmonella zihlala emathunjini abantu nezilwanyana. Ngoko ke ezi ntsholongwane zinokungena ekutyeni naseziseloni zethu nakwizinto esizichukumisayo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iindlela eziphambili zokudluliselwa kweSalmonella zezi:

• Ukutya okungaphekwanga kakuhle: Ukutya inyama engaphekwanga kakuhle, iinkukhu, iintlanzi, ingakumbi amaqanda aluhlaza okanye angaphekwanga kakuhle.
• Iziqhamo nemifuno ezele ziintsholongwane: Iziqhamo nemifuno etyiwayo ingahlanjwanga.
• Amanzi angcolileyo nobisi: Ukusela amanzi angcolileyo, ukutya izinto ezifana nobisi okanye itshizi engagayiwanga.
• Ukulungisa ukutya ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla: Ukungazihlambi kakuhle izandla xa ulungiselela okanye usitya ukutya.
• Kwizilwanyana: Le ntsholongwane inokufumaneka eboyeni, kwiintsiba, eluswini, emaxoloni, nakwindle yezilwanyana. Ukuba sizichukumisa ezi zilwanyana singazihlambanga izandla zethu size sifake izandla zethu emlonyeni wethu, le ntsholongwane inokungena ngokulula emizimbeni yethu. Ingadluliselwa nakwesiphi na isilwanyana esisendlwini, njengezinja, iikati, iinkukhu, kunye neefudo.
• Kumntu onesifo: Ukuba umntu one-salmonella uya kwigumbi lokuhlambela aze alungiselele ukutya ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla zakhe ngokufanelekileyo, okanye ukuba sichukumisa into ayichukumisileyo, nathi sinokosulelwa.

Ugqirha uyibona njani le nto?

Ukuba uneempawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla kwaye aziphucuki emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, kungcono ukubona ugqirha. Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole. Ngokwesiqhelo baya kwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.

• Uvavanyo lwesampuli yestulo:Olu lolona vavanyo luphambili. Uza kucelwa ukuba ufake isitulo esincinci kwisitya esikhethekileyo. Ilebhu iza kuvavanya le sampuli ukuba ikhona na intsholongwane yeSalmonella.
• Isampuli yegazi: Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi ukuba isifo sibi kakhulu, kuthathwa isampuli yegazi ukuze kubonwe ukuba ingaba intsholongwane isasazeke egazini na.
• Ezinye iisampulu: Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba isampuli yomchamo okanye ubomvu obuvela kwinxeba emzimbeni nazo zivavanywe.

Inyangwa njani? Ingaphathwa njani ekhaya?

Umbuzo omkhulu abantu abaninzi abanawo kukuba ingaba bayawadinga na amayeza oku. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isifo sibi kakhulu, okanye ukuba ungomnye wamaqela asemngciphekweni akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni akunike amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane . Umzekelo, unganikwa amayeza anjengeCiprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, okanye iAzithromycin.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka uziphathe ekhaya

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyiqwalasele kwesi sifo kukuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, okanye ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Urhudo kunye nokuhlanza kubangela ukuba umzimba ulahlekelwe lulwelo oluninzi. Oku kunokuba yingozi. Ke ngoko,

• Sela amanzi amaninzi kangangoko unako: Sela amanzi amancinci, umhluzi, ipapa, isuphu, ijusi yeorenji, kunye nejusi yeziqhamo (kunye namanzi amancinci ongeziweyo) rhoqo.
• Ukuphumla: Ukuphumla umzimba wakho kukunceda uphilise ngokukhawuleza.
• Amayeza okulwa norhudo: Abantu abadala banokusebenzisa okwethutyana amayeza okulwa norhudo athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, njenge-loperamide, kodwa bangaze banike abantwana abancinci la mayeza ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha kuqala.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

Nangona i-salmonella idla ngokuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, ngamanye amaxesha inokubangela iingxaki, ingakumbi ukuba ayinyangwa okanye kubantu abakwiqela elisengozini.

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni: Le yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo neyingozi. Ukuba ubungakanani bamanzi kunye neetyuwa emzimbeni buyancipha ngendlela eyingozi, bunokuba yingozi nakubomi.
• I-Bacteremia: Iintsholongwane zinokungena egazini zisuka emathunjini zize zisasazeke emzimbeni wonke. Oku kunokukhokelela kwimeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-sepsis.
• Isifo samathambo esisabelayo:Emva kokuba usulelo luphelile, abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zamalungu kunye namehlo abomvu njengempendulo kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• Ukosuleleka kwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis): Oku kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa kukho umngcipheko wokuba kwenzeke kubantu abanesifo se-sickle cell.

Umngcipheko wokufa ngenxa yesalmonella uphantsi kakhulu, kodwa akunakwenzeka ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela iimpawu.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Ungazikhusela njani kwi-salmonella?

Ukuhlala ukhuselekile kwesi sifo akunzima kangako. Kwanele ukuba silumke kancinci kwezinye zezinto esizenzayo yonke imihla.

Qiniseka ukuba uyazenza ezi zinto xa ulungisa ukutya

1. Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo: Hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha namanzi rhoqo ngaphambi kokulungisa ukutya, ngaphambi kokutya, emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, nasemva kokuphatha inyama eluhlaza nentlanzi. 2. Yahlula inyama eluhlaza nokutya okuphekiweyo: Musa ukusebenzisa iibhodi zokusika, iimela, okanye ezinye izixhobo ukusika inyama eluhlaza okanye inkukhu. Hlamba kwaye uzicoce kakuhle emva kokusebenzisa. Musa ukubeka ukutya okuphekiweyo epleyitini enenyama eluhlaza. 3. Pheka ukutya kakuhle: Pheka inyama, intlanzi, inkukhu, namaqanda de kuphekwe kakuhle ngaphakathi. Ukuba kusepinki, aziphekwanga kakuhle. 4. Hlamba iziqhamo nemifuno kakuhle: Hlamba iziqhamo nemifuno kakuhle phantsi kwamanzi abalekayo ngaphambi kokutya okanye ukupheka. 5. Gcina ukutya kubushushu obufanelekileyo: Faka ukutya okuphekiweyo efrijini ngokukhawuleza. Musa ukukushiya ixesha elide. 6. Sebenzisa kuphela iimveliso zobisi eziphekiweyo: Jonga ukuba ubisi oluthengiweyo evenkileni, iyogathi, kunye netshizi ziphekiwe na.

Cinga ngale nto xa usebenzisana nezilwanyana.

1. Hlamba izandla zakho emva kokuphatha izilwanyana: Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi emva kokuphatha izilwanyana zasekhaya, kuquka izilwanyana zasekhaya, nasemva kokucoca izitya zokutya kunye neekheyiji zazo. 2. Musa ukuqabula izilwanyana: Kuphephe ukuqabula izilwanyana emlonyeni okanye ebusweni. 3. Musa ukugcina izilwanyana ekhitshini: Musa ukugcina izilwanyana, ingakumbi iifudo kunye neengcungcu, ekhitshini okanye apho kulungiselelwa khona ukutya. 4. Lumka kubantu abaneenkqubo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezibuthathaka: Ukuba unenkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba ebuthathaka, okanye ukuba unomntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala okanye umntu ongaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 ekhaya, kuphephe ukubamba izilwanyana ezisengozini enkulu (iifudo, iinkukhu).

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Iimpawu zihlala ziphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo, bona ugqirha okanye uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.

• Urhudo oluqatha: Ukuba urhudo ludlule iintsuku ezingaphezu kwe-3.
• Igazi esitulweni.
• Umkhuhlane oqatha: Ukuba unomkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwama-39°C (102°F).
• Ukuhlanza rhoqo: Ukuba uhlanza kakhulu kangangokuba awukwazi ukugcina nantoni na phantsi.
• Iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu:
• Ukuphuma komchamo kuphantsi kakhulu kwaye kuncinci kakhulu.
• Umchamo otyheli/orenji omnyama.
• Umlomo nolwimi olomileyo.
• Ukuziva unesizungu xa umi.

I-Salmonella, i-Salmonella IsiSinhala, ityhefu yokutya, isisu esibuhlungu, urhudo, ukuhlanza, ityhefu yokutya eSri Lanka, i-gastroenteritis eSinhala