Lumka elunxwemeni! Masifunde ngokulunywa ziintakumba zesanti.

Ngaba wakha waya elunxwemeni, udlala esantini, okanye uhamba emanzini anganzulu uze ngequbuliso imilenze neengalo zakho ziqale ukurhawuzelela? Mhlawumbi ukhe waphawula namabala amancinci abomvu. Oku kusenokuba ngumsebenzi weentakumba zesanti. Kodwa nangona sithi "iintakumba zesanti," kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana ezibizwa ngeli gama. Nangona ezinye iziluma zingeyongozi kangako, ezinye zinokuba yingozi kancinci. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kufunda ukuba zeziphi kanye kanye ezi ntakumba zesanti.

Zithini "iiSand Flea Bites"?

Amaxesha amaninzi, xa sicinga "ngee-sand fleas," sicinga ngaso nasiphi na isilwanyana esincinci esihlala esantini size sizilume. Ezinye iziluma zezi zilwanyana azimbi kangako. Ezo sizibiza ngokuba "zii-sand fleas," kwaye ezo zingabi yingozi kangako, azizizo ii-fleas okanye izinambuzane. Zifana neenkala ezincinci kunye nee-shrimp, kwaye ziyinxalenye yeqela lezilwanyana ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"crustaceans." Zifumana igama lazo kwinto yokuba ziyatsiba. Abanye abantu bazibiza ngokuba zii-sand jumpers okanye ii-beach fleas. Xa zilunywa, zinokushiya amadyungudyungu abomvu, arhawuzelelayo eluswini. Kodwa zihlala ziphiliswa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, ngoko akukho nto yokukhathazeka ngayo.

Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho nohlobo lwentakumba ebizwa ngokuba yi-"sand flea" . Ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Tunga penetrans". Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi-"chigoe flea" okanye "jigger flea". Ubusazi ukuba le yeyona ntakumba incinci emhlabeni! Kodwa nangona incinci, inokwenza umsebenzi omninzi. Le ntakumba inokugqobhoza ulusu lwakho ize ingene nzulu ngaphakathi. Xa oku kusenzeka, kunokubangela isifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"tungiasis". Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela ukudumba okukhulu kunye nezilonda zesikhumba. Ezi ntakumba ze-chigoe zixhaphake kakhulu kumazwe anemozulu efudumeleyo efana ne-Central America, South America, Afrika, kunye neCaribbean. Azixhaphakanga kakhulu kumazwe afana ne-United States.

Ngaba ii-sand fleas kunye nee-sand fly ziyafana?

Oku kukwayinto abantu abaninzi abayididayo. Iintakumba zesanti kunye neentakumba zesanti ziintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana. Masingazididekisi, kulungile? Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeentakumba zesanti. Xa ziluma, zihlala zibangela amadyungudyungu amancinci aphola kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, njengokulunywa yingcongconi.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho uhlobo olunye oluyingozi lwempukane yesanti. Zithwala i-parasite ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Leishmania)`. Oku kunokubangela isifo esibi esibizwa ngokuba yi-`(leishmaniasis).` Oku kunokubangela izilonda zesikhumba, umonakalo kwizitho zangaphakathi, kwanokufa. Ezi mpukane zifumaneka kakhulu kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubikwa ukuba ngoku zifikile kwiindawo ezifana neFlorida neTexas eMelika.

Ingaba ezi zinambuzane zesanti zahlukile kwiizinambuzane eziqhelekileyo emakhayeni ethu?

Ezi zinambuzane zesanti zahlukile kancinci kwiizinambuzane eziqhelekileyo esizifumana kwizilwanyana zethu zasekhaya, njengezinja neekati. Zombini zingaphila kwizilwanyana zasendle okanye zasekhaya kwaye zinokusasaza izifo.

Kodwa kukho umahluko omkhulu emibini:

1. Iintakumba eziqhelekileyo azihlali emizimbeni yabantu. Kodwa ezo ntakumba zesanti eziyingozi "ze-chigoe" zinokuhlala eluswini lwabantu.

2. Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba ukulunywa ziingcongconi okuqhelekileyo kubangele izilonda eziqatha zesikhumba ezifana nezo zibangelwa yi-`(chigoe)` flea.

Ngubani onokuthi akhathazwe kakhulu zezi zinambuzane zesanti?

Ezo zinambuzane zincinci nezingenabungozi zesanti (ezo zilwanyana zincinci ezifana nezo zikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili) zinokwenzeka nakubani na. Zinokukuluma ukuba uhamba ngeenyawo elunxwemeni, udlala esantini, okanye emanzini afudumeleyo anganzulu. Zithanda iindawo ezimanzi.

Kodwa isifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-`(tungiasis)`, esibangelwa yi-`(chigoe)` flea, sixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo zasemaphandleni ezihlwempuzekileyo nezingenaphuhliso. Abantu abahamba ngeenyawo elunxwemeni, efama, nasemhlabathini basengozini enkulu. Abantwana abancinci, abantu abadala, kunye nabakhubazekileyo basengozini enkulu yoku. Ezi flea zizala kakhulu ngexesha lemvula, njengo-Agasti noSeptemba. Abakhenkethi abatyelela ezo ndawo banokungazi ukuba bazise ezi flea ze-`(chigoe)` kumazwe abo.

Ingaba esi sifo sibizwa ngokuba yi-`(tungiasis)` sixhaphakile?

Kwamanye amazwe ahlwempuzekileyo, asemaphandleni, olu sulelo olubangelwa zizinambuzane olubizwa ngokuba yi-"tungiasis" lolona luxhaphakileyo. Khawucinge nje, uphando lufumanise ukuba kwezinye iindawo, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60% yabemi ngokubanzi kunye ne-80% yabantwana bayalufumana.

Kodwa ezo ntlobo zeentwala zesanti ezixhaphakileyo nezingenabungozi ziyinto enokubonwa rhoqo kwiindawo ezikunxweme lwelizwe lethu.

Kutheni le nto ezi zinambuzane zesanti zisiluma?

Ngamafutshane, zonke iintakumba zesanti ziyaluma kuba zilambile. Ukuba uthatha intakumba yesanti eyoyikekayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'(chigoe),' imazi iyakuhlaba ulusu ize ingene. Iyahamba iye kutsala igazi lakho. Emva kokusela elo gazi, ikhula ibe malunga nezihlandlo ezingama-2000 ngobukhulu bayo bokuqala! Khawuthelekelele loo nto! Emva koko ibeka amaqanda ngaphakathi kwesikhumba sakho. Emva kwexesha elithile, loo maqanda ayawa eluswini lwakho, aze aphume amantshontsho. Elo ntakumba lesanti '(chigoe)' lihlala ngaphakathi kwesikhumba sakho malunga neeveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu, ize ife apho.

Iingcongconi ziluma kakhulu phi emzimbeni?

Zonke iintlobo zeentakumba zesanti zihlala ziluma amaqatha akho nasezinyaweni zeenyawo zakho. Zithanda iindawo ezithambileyo ezifana phakathi kweenzwane zakho, ezithendeni zakho, nangaphantsi kweenzipho zakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, unokufumana ukulunywa nokubomvu kolusu emathangeni akho, ezingalweni, emqolo, nakwizitho zangasese.

Zithini iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintakumba yesanti?

Kwiintsuku zokuqala, nokuba ulunywa yintakumba yesanti eqhelekileyo okanye yintakumba eyingozi ethi "chigoe", iimpawu ziyafana kancinci, kwaye azikho mbi kangako.

• Ukurhawuzelela kunye nokubomvu kolusu. (Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'(pruritus)' kwisayensi yezonyango.)
• Amabala abomvu, aphakamileyo afana namaqhubu.
• Ukudumba kancinci.

Kodwa ingxaki iba mandundu emva kokuba imazi ibeke amaqanda. Amaqhuqhuva ayadumba aze abe mhlophe. Ungabona indawo encinci emnyama phakathi komhlophe. Lo ngumqolo wentaka. Uxinzelelo oluvela kwintaka ngaphakathi lubangela ukuba izicubu ezijikelezileyo zidumbe, nto leyo ebuhlungu kakhulu.Ingafika kancinci kancinci. Kancinci kancinci, iindawo apho ezi `(chigoe)` zilunywe khona zinokuba mnyama, zibe lukhuni, okanye ziqhekeke kwaye zibe nezilonda (`(ulcers)`).

Isilumkiso: Xa kuvela amanxeba esikhumba anje, anokosulelwa lula ziintsholongwane, ezifana ne-"tetanus" (lockjaw) okanye i-"gangrene" (ukufa kwezicubu). Ngoko ke musa ukulibazisa ukuba ubona ezi mpawu.

Ugqirha angaqiniseka njani ukuba oku kukulunywa yintakumba yesanti?

Xa usiya kugqirha, baza kuqala bahlole ulusu lwakho ngononophelo. Baza kujonga ngakumbi iinyawo zakho, phakathi kweenzwane zakho, nakweyiphi na indawo ocinga ukuba unengxaki kuyo. Baza kubuza nangezifo zakho zangaphambili, ii-allergies, kunye nosulelo.

Amabala avela emva kokulunywa yi-sand flea eqhelekileyo, okanye amanqanaba okuqala okulunywa yi-"chigoe", anokubonakala njengezinye izifo zesikhumba. Umzekelo:

• (I-Contact dermatitis) (I-allergy eyenzeka xa izinto ezithile zidibana nolusu)
• Ukulunywa ziintakumba okuqhelekileyo
• IiHives (urticaria) kunye nokudumba (i-angioedema)
• Amabala avela emva kokulunywa ziingcongconi

Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho ngqo ezi zinto:

• Ngaba ukhe wadibana nomntu onesifo solusu?
• Ngaba ukhe wachitha ixesha elunxwemeni, ehlathini, okanye kwenye indawo engaphandle?
• Ngaba ukhe waya kwiindawo, nokuba ngaphakathi kweli lizwe okanye kwamanye amazwe, ingakumbi iindawo apho iimpukane zesanti zixhaphake khona? (umz., amazwe aseAfrika, aseMzantsi Melika)

Akukho vavanyo lwegazi olunokuqinisekisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba ulunywe ziintakumba zesanti. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho angenza uvavanyo ukuze abone ukuba ukulunywa kwazo kubangele ezinye izifo okanye ezinye izifo.

Yintoni enokwenziwa ukunyanga oku?

Kwiintlobo zezinambuzane zesanti ezilumayo nezingenamandla kangako, kukho izinto onokuzenza ekhaya:

• (Antihistamines) (amayeza anciphisa ukurhawuzelela - nokuba ngomlomo okanye ngaphandle, kodwa hayi omabini ngaxeshanye, kungcono ukubonana nogqirha ngaphambi kokuba uwasebenzise)
• Ukusebenzisa amanzi abandayo (iipakethe ezibandayo).
• Ukusebenzisa ikhrimu yokuthintela ukurhawuzelelwa, njenge-calamine lotion.
• Ugqirha unokucebisa nokuba yi-corticosteroids efakwe ngaphakathi okanye efakwe ngomlomo ukunciphisa ukudumba.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unamanxeba avulekileyo okanye usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokosuleleka, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Angakunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Usenokunikwa nenaliti ye-tetanus. Ezinye iikhrimu zeentwala nazo ziyasetyenziswa koku. Ukuba iintakumba zingene eluswini, ugqirha uza kuzisusa ngononophelo iintakumba esebenzisa izixhobo zotyando.

Khumbula oku: Ungaze uzame ukususa ezi ntakumba ngokwakho ngento ebukhali (njengenaliti okanye iphini), kulungile?Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala ngakumbi kunye nosulelo.

Yintoni onokuyenza ukuze uhlale ukhuselekile kwiintakumba zesanti?

“Ukuthintela kungcono kunokunyanga,” batsho. Ngoko ke, ukuze sihlale sikhuselekile kwezi zinambuzane zesanti, kukho izinto ezimbalwa esinokuzenza:

• Ukuba uhambela kwelinye ilizwe, ingakumbi kwilizwe apho izifo ezithwalwa zizinambuzane zixhaphakileyo khona, thetha nogqirha okanye ingcali yezonyango zasezitropiki ngaphambi kokuba uye ukuze wazi ngeengozi.
• Faka isixovuli sezinambuzane eluswini lwakho. Ungasebenzisa iimveliso ezine-DEET, iimveliso zendalo ezifana neoyile yekhokhonathi, okanye ezinye iioyile ezibalulekileyo. Ezi zilungile xa usiya elunxwemeni okanye emahlathini.
• Emva kokuhamba unganxibanga zihlangu esantini okanye eluthulini, hlamba iinyawo zakho kakuhle ngesepha.
• Nxiba izihlangu ezivaliweyo kunye neekawusi nanini na xa kunokwenzeka, ingakumbi xa usiya kwiindawo apho kurhanelwa ukuba kukho iintakumba zesanti.

Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba oku kube ngcono? Ngaba iziphumo ziya kuqhubeka?

Ukulunywa yi-sand flea eqhelekileyo kuya kuphola kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Nokuba kukho ii-`(chigoe)` flea, usulelo luhlala luphela ngokwalo kuba ziyafa kwaye ziwe eluswini emva kwexesha elifutshane (iiveki ezi-4-6). Uninzi lwabantu alufumani zigulo ezinzulu okanye iingxaki zexesha elide ezivela kwezi `(chigoe)` flea, ingakumbi ukuba zinyangwa ngokukhawuleza.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amanxeba aba mandundu okanye ukuba kukho usulelo oluvelayo, kunokubakho iingxaki ezithile:

• Ubunzima bokuhamba.
• Izikhonkwane ziyawa.
• Ukuxobuka kolusu.
• Amanxeba.
• Ukutyeba kwesikhumba okanye iinzipho.

Ndingamxelela nini ugqirha ngale nto?

Ukuba ubona amaqhuqhuva amatsha, amabala abomvu, okanye ukurhawuzelela eluswini lwakho, yijonge. Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha ukuba akupheli kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Kudla ngokuba yinto encinci eya kuba ngcono kwiintsuku okanye kwiiveki ezimbalwa.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezilonda ezivulekileyo, izilonda, okanye iimpawu zosulelo (umz., iintlungu eziqatha, ukudumba okwandayo, ukusasazeka kobomvu, ubomvu, okanye umkhuhlane), kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Musa ukulibazisa.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ngoko ke, ekugqibeleni, ukulunywa ziintlanzi zesanti kunokuba lula, kube kuncinci, okanye kube nzulu, kufuna ingqalelo. Ezo ntlanzi zincinci, njengeenkala, azinabungozi kangako kwaye ziphiliswa ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ezo ntlanzi ze-chigoe (ezifumaneka kakhulu kwiindawo zasemaphandleni, ezingaphuhliswanga kakuhle) zinokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu zesikhumba, usulelo lweentsholongwane kunye nezifo.

Ngoko ke ukuba unendawo engaqhelekanga, ukurhawuzelelwa, okanye amabala eluswini lwakho angapholiyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, okanye ukuba kubonakala ngathi kuya kuba mandundu, ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha.Ingakumbi ukuba ukhe wadibana nendawo apho iintakumba zesanti zinokubakho khona. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulumka!

Iintakumba zesanti, ukulunywa, izifo zesikhumba, ukurhawuzelelwa, ulwandle, iintakumba zeChigoe, iTungiasis, usulelo lwesikhumba