Kuyoyikisa kancinci xa uzijonga esipilini okanye xa umntu ekuxelela ukuba amhlophe emehlweni akho atyheli, akunjalo? Enyanisweni, oku kunokuba luphawu lokuqala lokuba kukho into engalunganga emizimbeni yethu, ingakumbi kwisibindi. Ngoko masithethe ngokutyheli kwamehlo, okubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Scleral Icterus)` ngokwezonyango, ngamazwi alula.
Yintoni kanye kanye iScleral Icterus?
Ngamafutshane, i-'Scleral Icterus' kuxa inxalenye emhlophe yamehlo ethu, oko kukuthi, inxalenye esiyibiza ngokuba yi-'(Sclera)', ibukeka ityheli. Kodwa kukho enye into apha. Ayisiyo i-sclera ngokwayo etyheli. Yinxalenye engaphezulu kwayo, eyi-membrane encinci kakhulu, ecacileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'(Conjunctiva).' Xa le membrane ijika ibe tyheli, umbala otyheli ubonakala ngokucacileyo ngenxa ye-sclera emhlophe engaphantsi.
Abantu abaninzi bayibiza ngokuba yi-`(Jaundice)`. Akukho nto imbi ngaloo nto, kodwa igama elithi `Jaundice` libanzi kancinci. Libhekisa ekutyhelini kwamehlo kunye nokutyhelini kolusu. Nangona kunjalo, i-`Scleral Icterus` yimeko echaphazela ngqo amehlo .
Kutheni amehlo ethu ejika abe tyheli? Ibali le-bilirubin
Isizathu esiphambili salo mbala utyheli kukwanda kwekhemikhali etyheli ebizwa ngokuba yi-bilirubin egazini lethu. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-``Hyperbilirubinemia```.
Cinga nje, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi emzimbeni wethu nazo ziphila ubomi obude. I-Bilirubin iveliswa xa ezi seli zibomvu zegazi ziqhekeka. Ngokwesiqhelo, into ekufanele yenzeke kukuba isibindi sethu sisebenze njengesihluzo, sihluze le bilirubin ingafunekiyo egazini, siyidibanise nenyongo size siyiqondise kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya. Okokugqibela, loo bilirubin ikhutshwa emzimbeni kunye nendle.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba le bilirubin ayinakususwa kakuhle egazini, nokuba kungenxa yengxaki yesibindi okanye ngenxa yesinye isizathu, iqala ukuqokelelana egazini. Oku kuqokelelana kwebilirubin kuko okuguqula amehlo nolusu lube tyheli.
Isizathu sokuba olu tshintsho lombala emehlweni luqatshelwe okokuqala kukuba i-bilirubin ifunxwa lula kwaye ibekwe kwizicubu zeliso ezibizwa ngokuba yi-``Conjunctiva.`` Ngenxa yemvelaphi emhlophe engaphantsi, nokuba linqanaba elincinci le-bilirubin liyabonakala lula kuthi.
Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili zokuphakama kwamanqanaba e-bilirubin?
Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zokuba amanqanaba e-bilirubin anyuke kwaye amehlo anokuba tyheli. Ezinye zilula, kodwa ezinye zinokuba nzulu ngakumbi. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku.
| Unobangela | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Izifo ezinxulumene nesibindi | Iimeko ezinje ngokonakala kwesibindi okubangelwa butywala ( i-cirrhosis ), usulelo olubangelwa ziintsholongwane (iHepatitis A, B, C), kunye ne -autoimmune hepatitis . |
| Izifo zenyongo kunye nepancreas | Iimeko ezinje ngamatye enyongo , ukuqiniswa kwe -bile duct, okanye i-pancreatitis . |
| Iintsholongwane | I-Leptospirosis , imikhuhlane yentsholongwane efana ne-dengue, usulelo olunzima olusasazeka emzimbeni wonke ( i-sepsis ), kunye nosulelo olubangelwa zizinambuzane (umz. i-Schistosomiasis ). |
| Iziyobisi kunye neetyhefu | Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwamayeza athile (umz. ii-steroids, ezinye ii-antibiotics) kunye neentlungu ezifana ne -Acetaminophen (Panadol). Amanye amayeza esintu kunye neetyhefu ezifana neekhemikhali zezolimo nazo zinokuba yimbangela. |
| Izifo zofuzo | Izifo ezizuzwe njengeSickle Cell Disease kunye neGilbert's Syndrome ezichaphazela imetabolism ye-bilirubin. |
| Amaqhuma kunye neethumba | Ukuvalwa kokuhamba kwenyongo ngenxa yezimila eziqhelekileyo okanye ezinomhlaza esibindini, kwinyongo, okanye kwiindawo ezinxulumene noko. |
| I-Jaundice yeentsana ezisandula ukuzalwa | Ngenxa yokuba isibindi sosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa asikakhuli ngokupheleleyo, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba amehlo abe tyheli kwiiveki ezimbini zokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, oku kunokuba yinto enzulu. |
Iphathwa njani?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqonde apha kukuba i-'Scleral Icterus' ayisosifo, kodwa luphawu . Ngoko ke, unyango alukho ngenxa yokuba amehlo atyheli, kodwa ngenxa yemeko ebangela oko.
Umzekelo, ukuba amehlo akho atyheli ngenxa yamatye enyongo, uya kunyangwa ukuze kususwe amatye. Ukuba lusulelo lwesibindi, uya kunyangwa ngenxa yaloo nto. Ukuze ufumane unobangela, ugqirha wakho angenza uvavanyo lwegazi, iiskeni, njl. Ngoko ke , kungcono ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango kunokuba uzinyange.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ungawahoyi amehlo atyheli?
Ukutyheli kwamehlo akuyongozi ngokwako. Kodwa luphawu lwesilumkiso . Ukuba akwenziwanga unyango, inqanaba le-bilirubin egazini linokunyuka ngakumbi kwaye lichaphazele nengqondo. Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu.
- Le meko kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Kernicterus' 'kwaye inokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade engqondweni.
- Le meko kubantu abadala ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Hepatic Encephalopathy" kwaye inokubangela ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukudideka, kwanokukhubeka.
Zombini ezi meko zifuna unyango olungxamisekileyo .
Ixesha lokubona ugqirha okanye ukuya kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko
Ukuba uqaphela ukuba amehlo akho ajika abe tyheli, yenza idinga lokubonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo kunye namehlo akho atyheli, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
| Iimpawu ezifuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo | |
|---|---|
| ⚫ Intlungu yesisu eqatha okanye engapheliyo | ⚫ Umkhuhlane |
| ⚫ Ukuhlanza okungapheliyo | ⚫ Ukuba nesiyezi okanye ukuphelelwa zingqondo |
| ⚫ Ukudumba kwesisu okanye ukugcinwa kwamanzi | ⚫ Ukudideka, ukozela, okanye ukulahleka kwenkumbulo |
Icebiso elincinci
Ngamanye amaxesha umbala wezibane ezikwindawo esikuyo (umz. iibhalbhu ezimthubi) unokubangela ukuba amehlo ethu abonakale emthubi. Ngoko ke ukuba unamathandabuzo, yiya kwindawo ekhanyiswe kakuhle, ekhanyisiweyo yendalo uze uzijonge esipilini. Ngale ndlela, unokuqiniseka ngomahluko ochanekileyo wombala.
Ngaba le meko ingathintelwa?
Nangona ingenakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo, kukho izinto ezininzi esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko.
- Lawula utywala: Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunokunciphisa kakhulu umonakalo kwisibindi.
- Gonyelwa: Zikhusele ngokugonyelwa izifo ezichaphazela isibindi, ezifana neHepatitis A kunye neB.
- Lumka ngamayeza: Musa ukuthatha amayeza angeyomfuneko, iziqholo, okanye izongezo ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha. Ukuthatha amayeza angaphezu kwedosi ecetyiswayo, ingakumbi i-Acetaminophen (Panadol), kunokonakalisa isibindi.
- Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango lonyaka: Nokuba uvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo lunokufumanisa utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwesibindi ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale iimpawu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Scleral icterus (ukutyheli kwamehlo amhlophe) ayisosifo, kodwa luphawu lwesifo esingabonakaliyo.
- Eyona sizathu siphambili soku kukunyuka kwamanqanaba e-bilirubin egazini. Oku kunokubangelwa yingxaki yesibindi.
- Ukuba ubona amehlo etyheli, ungoyiki, kodwa ungakuhoyi . Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba unezinye iimpawu ezifana nentlungu eqatha yesisu, umkhuhlane, okanye ukudideka, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Unyango luxhomekeke kwimeko ebangela amehlo atyheli. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ukuze kufunyanwe isifo kwaye kunyangwe ngokufanelekileyo.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 Iyintoni imeko eyingozi yespleen ekhulisiweyo (iSpleen ekhulisiweyo / iSpleen ekhulisiweyo)?
I-spleen sisitho esincinci esihlala sikwicala lasekhohlo lesifuba sethu, phantsi kwe-rib cage/ngasemva kwesisu, esihluza igazi/sitshabalalisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezindala (sihlala sincinci kunobhontsi wakho). Kodwa 'i-Enlarged Spleen' yimeko apho esi sitho sidumbile ngokungaqhelekanga kwaye sinokuvakala ngaphantsi kwe-rib cage yasekhohlo (LUQ)! Olu luphawu olukhulu lwesilumkiso sesifo esinzulu esinxulumene negazi emzimbeni.
💬 Zithini izizathu eziphambili zokuba ne-spleen enkulu ngokungaqhelekanga kwicala lasekhohlo?
Kukho izizathu ezi-3 eziphambili zoku: 1) 'I-Leukemia / I-Lymphoma' - Kule meko, i-spleen iyakhula kuba iiseli zomhlaza ziyayizalisa. 2) 'I-Liver Cirrhosis' - Xa igazi lihamba ngesibindi livaliwe, elo gazi lizalisa imithambo ye-spleen (i-Portal hypertension) kwaye iyadumba. 3) I-Malaria / I-Dengue okanye i-jaundice (I-Malaria / I-EBV Infections) kunye nezifo apho iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zinyibilika ngokungaqhelekanga (i-Hemolytic anemia) nazo ngokungenakuphepheka zibangela oku.
💬 Xa kukho iqhuma/i-spleen ekhulisiweyo phantsi kwembambo yasekhohlo, zeziphi 'iimeko ezisongela ubomi/ezingxamisekileyo' ezifuna ukungeniswa esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza?
Esi sisifo esifuna ugqirha ukuba akubone (kufuneka uye kwi-CT Scan). Kodwa ingozi enkulu neyona imbi kakhulu! 1) Ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana 'intlungu enzima njengokuhlatywa ngemela okunganyamezelekiyo (intlungu ye-LUQ enzima - i-Splenic Rupture)' ngaphantsi kwembambo yasekhohlo kwaye loo ntlungu isasazeka egxalabeni lasekhohlo (uphawu lukaKehr) kwaye ukuba uba nesiyezi kwaye ulahlekelwe zingqondo, ngokuqinisekileyo 'kukuqhekeka kwe-spleen'! Oku kunokubangela ukopha nokufa kwimizuzu embalwa, ngoko ke kufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele ngaphandle kokulibazisa!
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