Ngaba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-epilepsy esinzima ukusilawula nangona efumana amayeza? Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banengxaki yokufumanisa apho kuqala khona engqondweni ukuba ukuxhuzula. Kulapho siza kuthetha khona ngovavanyo olunzima kancinci kodwa olubaluleke kakhulu olunokunceda. Lubizwa ngokuba yi-SEEG. Ungakhathazeki, igama lisenokuvakala lide kancinci. Masihlale silula.
Ithetha ukuthini i-SEEG nje?
Ngamafutshane, i-Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) luvavanyo lotyando olungena nzulu engqondweni yakho kwaye lusebenzisa imingxunya emincinci ukuze kubonwe apho kuqala khona ukuxhuzula okungapheliyo (ukuxhuzula).
Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngovavanyo lwe-EEG. Lubandakanya ukubeka ii-electrode ezincinci phezulu entlokweni, oko kukuthi, ekhayeni, ukulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo. Kodwa kwi-SEEG, oogqirha be-neurosurgeon bafaka ezi electrode kungekhona kumphezulu wengqondo, kodwa kwiindawo ezinzulu nezihlukeneyo zengqondo. Oku kuvumela ukuba ulwazi lufumaneke kwiindawo ezinzulu kakhulu ukuba i-EEG eqhelekileyo ikwazi ukuzifumana.
Emva kokuba ii-electrode zifakiwe, uza kugcinwa kwiyunithi ekhethekileyo yesibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Ngeli xesha, iqela lezonyango liza kujonga ngokusondeleyo ukusebenza kwengqondo yakho ngexesha lokuxhuzula.
Injongo ephambili yolu vavanyo kukufumanisa ukuba iiseli zobuchopho ezibangela ukuxhuzula zinokususwa ngotyando na, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, apho zisuswe khona kanye.
Kweziphi iimeko apho uvavanyo lwe-SEEG lwenziwa khona?
Oogqirha basebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-SEEG ikakhulu kwiimeko ezimbalwa ezikhethekileyo.
- Isifo sokuwa esinganyangekiyo ngamayeza: Abanye abantu abakwazi ukulawula ukuxhuzula kwabo nokuba basebenzise iintlobo ezimbini okanye ezintathu zamayeza. Esi sifo sibizwa ngokuba yi-epilepsy enganyangekiyo ngamayeza. Kubantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kwemi-2 ubudala kunye nabantu abadala abanale meko, i-SEEG ibaluleke kakhulu ukumisela ukuba utyando lunokwenzeka na.
- Imephu yobuchopho: Khawuthelekelele ukuba ukuxhuzula kuvela kwinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobuchopho elawula intetho, intshukumo, okanye iimvakalelo. Ukuba uza kwenziwa utyando, kufuneka uqaphele ukuba ungonakalisi ezo ndawo zibalulekileyo. Usebenzisa ii-electrodes ze-SEEG, ungazidwelisa ezi ndawo zibalulekileyo ngaphambi kotyando.
- Khokela ezinye iindlela zonyango: Ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lwe-SEEG lusetyenziswa njengenxalenye yonyango. Umzekelo:
- I-Radiofrequency thermocoagulation: Oku kusebenzisa amaza erediyo kunye nobushushu ukutshabalalisa iiseli zobuchopho ezibangela ukuxhuzula. Olu nyango lungenziwa kusetyenziswa ii-electrodes ze-SEEG.
- Ukufakwa kweThermoablation (LITT):Indlela yokucima iindawo zobuchopho ezibangela ukuxhuzula kusetyenziswa amandla obushushu elaser.
- Ukuvuselela ingqondo okusabelayo: Kule nto, kufakwa isixhobo engqondweni esizisa isikhuthazo esincinci sombane ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba apho ukuxhuzula kuqala khona size siphelise. I-SEEG inceda ekufumaneni indawo echanekileyo yesixhobo.
Ngubani ofanelekileyo kolu vavanyo?
Uvavanyo lwe-SEEG alulungelanga wonke umntu. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba alucebise.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula esiqala kwindawo ethile yengqondo yakho (`(focal epilepsy)`). Kodwa nangona usebenzisa i-MRI scan, loo ndawo ayibonakali ngokucacileyo. Kulapho ke i-SEEG iba luncedo khona.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula esiqala kwiindawo ezininzi zobuchopho ngaxeshanye (`(isifo sokuxhuzula esiqhelekileyo)`), awufanelekanga kolu vavanyo.
| Iimeko ezinokwenzeka zovavanyo lwe-SEEG | |
|---|---|
| Imeko | Inkcazo |
| Ukuba ungumntu oza kutyandwa isifo sokuwa | Ukuba ucinga ukuba utyando lungayinyanga le meko, olu vavanyo lunokufuneka ngaphambi kokuba lwenzeke. |
| Ukugula okungalawulwa ngamayeza | Ukuba ukulingana akukwazi ukulawulwa nangona kuzanywa amayeza amabini okanye ngaphezulu. |
| Ukuba ayicacanga kwezinye iimvavanyo | Xa iimvavanyo ezifana ne-MRI kunye ne-EEG zingakwazi ukunika umfanekiso ocacileyo wokuba i-fit iqala phi. |
Ziziphi umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-EEG kunye ne-SEEG?
Nangona zombini ezi mvavanyo zilinganisa umsebenzi wombane wobuchopho, kukho umahluko omkhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha uya kuqala enze i-EEG. Kuphela ukuba ulwazi olufunyenweyo kuloo nto alwanelanga apho baya kuqhubeka novavanyo lwesigaba sesibini, olufana ne-SEEG.
Utshintsho oluphambili zezi:
- Apho ii-electrode zibekwe khona: Kwi-EEG, ii-electrode zibekwe phezu kolusu, ngaphezulu kwekhakayi. Kwi-SEEG, ii-electrode zifakwa nzulu engqondweni .
- Ulwazi olufunyenweyo: I-EEG inika ulwazi kuphela malunga nomsebenzi womphezulu wengqondo. I-SEEG inokufumana ulwazi kubunzulu obahlukeneyo kuzo zombini ii-hemispheres zobuchopho. Oku kusenza sikwazi ukubona indawo echanekileyo yokuxhuzula.
Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba abantu abaye batyandwa isifo sokuwa emva kovavanyo lwe-SEEG bachitha ixesha elincinci kwigumbi lotyando kunabo baye benza ezinye iindlela (ezifana nokuvula ukhakhayi nokubeka ii-electrode kumphezulu wobuchopho). Bakwachitha ixesha elincinci esibhedlele kwaye basebenzisa amayeza amancinci eentlungu.
Yintoni onokuyilindela ngaphambi kwe-SEEG?
Ekubeni olu luvavanyo olunxulumene notyando, kuza kwenziwa uvavanyo oluninzi ukujonga imeko yempilo yakho kwangaphambili.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi
- Uvavanyo lwe-EKG (i-Electrocardiogram) olujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo
- Uvavanyo lokucinga olufana ne-CT scans (i-computed tomography scans) kunye ne-MRI scans (i-magnetic resonance imaging)
Enye yezinto abantu abaninzi, ingakumbi abazali, abathi bakwenzele umntwana wabo oku kukoyika kukuba , "Ngaba baza kuzicheba zonke iinwele zabo?" Kusenokubakho nemibuzo malunga nokuba kuya kufuneka bayeke na ukusebenzisa amayeza abawasebenzisayo ukuze balungele ukucheba okwethutyana.
Qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngazo naziphi na iingxaki okanye uloyiko onalo neqela lakho lezonyango ngaphambi kotyando lwakho. Baza kwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukukugcina ukhululekile kwaye uphumle kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Lwenziwa njani utyando lwe-SEEG?
Utyando lwe-SEEG ludla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezine ukuya kwezintandathu. Ngomhla wotyando, ingcali yokubulala iintlungu iza kukunika amayeza. Uza kube ulele ngokupheleleyo kulo lonke inkqubo. Ngoko ke awuyi kuva ntlungu.
Emva kokuba ulele, iqela lotyando liza kulandela la manyathelo:
1. Okokuqala, ifreyimu ekhethekileyo (`(ifreyimu ye-stereotactic)`) incamathiselwe entlokweni yakho ukuze intloko yakho ihlale kwindawo enye.
2. Okulandelayo, kufakwa imingxunya emincinci emalunga ne-10 ukuya kwengama-20, ebubanzi obufana nobubanzi bentambo yespaghetti, ekhayeni. Le mingxunya ayibangeli ukopha okuninzi.
3. Ngezo zingxunya zincinci, ii-electrode ezifana neplastiki eziguquguqukayo eziqhagamshelwe kwiingcingo ezibhityileyo zifakwa engqondweni.
4. Ezi electrode zibekwe ngqo kwiindawo zobuchopho apho kurhanelwa ukuba kuqale khona ukuxhuzula, njengoko kuchongiwe kwiiskeni zangaphambili.
5. Ekugqibeleni, isakhelo sentloko siyasuswa kwaye intloko ibotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo.
6. Emva koko uza kusiwa kwigumbi lokubuyisela impilo yakho kwaye kuya kuthathwa i-CT scan kunye ne-X-ray ukuqinisekisa ukuba ii-electrode zikwindawo ezifanelekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kwe-SEEG?
Emva kotyando, uya kudluliselwa kwiYunithi yokujonga i-Epilepsy Monitoring. Apho, iqela leengcali liya kukujonga iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngosuku. Ii-electrode ezisentlokweni yakho ziya kuqhagamshelwa kwiimatshini ezirekhoda umsebenzi wengqondo yakho. Xa unesithuthwane, ikhompyutha inokukubonisa apho siqala khona engqondweni yakho nendlela esisasazeka ngayo, isebenzisa imifanekiso ye-3D.
Kusenokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiveki okanye ezimbini, kuxhomekeke ekubeni unesifo sokuwa kangaphi.
Ekupheleni kwexesha lovavanyo, ii-electrode ziya kususwa entlokweni yakho. Ungakhathazeki, le ayisiyonto inkulu. Yinkqubo elula nje evala ezo ndawo kwaye ithatha malunga nemizuzu eli-10-15.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi kuvavanyo lwe-SEEG?
I-SEEG ngokubanzi ithathwa njengenkqubo ekhuselekileyo kakhulu, kodwa njengakuyo nayiphi na indlela yotyando lobuchopho, kukho iingozi ezincinci kakhulu.
- Ukopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo (ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi kwentloko)
- Usulelo
- Istroke
Kodwa khumbula, ezi ziziganeko ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu. Iqela lezonyango lithatha amanyathelo onke okuthintela ezi ngozi.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?
Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka ubuyele esiqhelweni kungekapheli usuku okanye ezimbini (iiyure ezingama-24-48). Nangona kunjalo, thetha neqela lakho lezonyango malunga nokuba ungaqhubeka nini nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo.
Yintoni onokuyilindela kwiziphumo ze-SEEG?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, uvavanyo lwe-SEEG lunokuchonga ngempumelelo unobangela wesifo sokuxhuzula. Oogqirha baya kufunda ngononophelo idatha ebhalwe kwimisebenzi yakho yengqondo baze bagqibe ekubeni ngaba ufanelekile na utyando okanye olunye unyango.
Utyando lokunyanga isifo sokuwa ludla ngokwenziwa kwiiveki ezine ukuya kwezisibhozo emva kovavanyo lwe-SEEG, ukuze ufumane ixesha lokuchacha ngokufanelekileyo.
Unokufumana iziphumo zovavanyo lokuqala ngaphambi kokuba uphume esibhedlele. Oku kuya kukunika wena nosapho lwakho ixesha lokuxoxa ngezi ziphumo neqela lezonyango kwaye nenze isigqibo ngaphambi kokuba kugqitywe isicwangciso sokugqibela sonyango.
Ukuphila nokuxhuzula okungenakuyekiswa ngamayeza kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Kodwa ngeendlela zanamhlanje zokuvavanya ezifana ne-SEEG, ngoku kunokwenzeka ukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo wokuxhuzula nokuqalisa unyango olufanelekileyo. Olu nyango lunokukunceda ukunciphisa ukuxhuzula kwakho kwaye uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-SEEG luvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwesifo sokuxhuzula (ukuqina) ekunzima ukukulawula ngamayeza.
- Okwenziwayo apha kukufaka ii-electrode nzulu engqondweni ngemingxunya emincinci uze ufumane indawo echanekileyo apho ukulingana kuqala khona.
- Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo, oogqirha baya kugqiba ukuba utyando okanye olunye unyango lufanelekile na kuwe.
- Nangona le yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo kakhulu, njengakuyo nayiphi na indlela yotyando, kukho iingozi ezincinci.
- Soloko uthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo.
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