Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba imizimba yethu ifumana njani le milo ithile, indlela esima ngayo ngokuthe nkqo, sihambe, sibale, sitsibe? Emva kwako konke oku kukho isakhelo esimangalisayo nesiqinileyo ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Siyibiza ngokuba yinkqubo yamathambo . Kodwa ayingomathambo ambalwa nje kuphela. Yinkqubo enzima kakhulu nebaluleke kakhulu. Masithethe ngayo namhlanje.
Yintoni kanye kanye le nkqubo yamathambo?
Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yamathambo yeyona nto ixhasa umzimba wakho. Ifana nesiseko kunye nezinye iintsika ozibekayo ngaphambi kokwakha indlu. Yiyo enika imizimba yethu imo yayo, igcina amalungu ethu ehlelekile, kwaye isigcina sime nkqo.
Kodwa asiyongqokelela yamathambo nje kuphela, njengoko abantu abaninzi becinga. Le nkqubo ibandakanya amathambo, izihlunu, i-cartilage, imisipha, nezinye izinto ezininzi. Ngenxa yokuba zonke ezi zinto zisebenza kunye, ngamanye amaxesha siyibiza ngokuba yinkqubo ye-musculoskeletal . Le nkqubo yiyo esivumela ukuba sihambe, kwaye ikwasinceda sihlale sikhuselekile.
Zeziphi iinkonzo eziphambili ezinikezelwa emizimbeni yethu yinkqubo yamathambo?
Inkqubo yamathambo yenza umsebenzi omninzi emizimbeni yethu. Sinokubona size sivakalelwe zizinto ezithile. Kodwa ikwasebenza nemisebenzi emininzi engabonakaliyo, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu.
- Inika umzimba imo: Khawuthelekelele ukuba besiya kuba njani ngaphandle kwamathambo ethu. Besiya kulala phantsi njengebhaluni egcwele amanzi. Amathambo ethu ngawo axhasa ubunzima bomzimba wethu wonke. Zonke ezinye izicwili zinamathele kule thambo.
- Isinceda sishukume: Amathambo edwa awasishukumisi. Amalungu ethu, izihlunu, kunye nezicubu ezidityanisiweyo zonke zisebenza kunye ukuze zisishukumise. Xa izihlunu zisolula kwaye zincipha, amathambo ezinamathele kuwo ayashukuma. Yiyo loo nto sinokushukumisa amalungu ethu omzimba, sihambe, kwaye senze nantoni na.
- Ikhusela amalungu ethu abuthathaka: Amathambo afana nesambatho sokuzikhusela esakhelwe ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu. Cinga ngale ndlela: ukuba kukho into ebetha intloko yakho, ukhakhayi lwakho luyayikhusela. Ikhusela ingqondo yethu njengesigcina-ntloko. Kwakhona, iimbambo esifubeni sethu zikhusela intliziyo nemiphunga yethu njengekheyiji yokhuseleko. Umqolo ukhusela umqolo wethu.
- Ukwenza iiseli zegazi ezintsha: Le yinto abantu abaninzi abangayaziyo. Ngaphakathi kwamathambo ethu amakhulu kukho into ebizwa ngokuba yi-bone marrow . Le yifektri eyenza iiseli zegazi ezibomvu kunye neeseli zegazi ezimhlophe ezifunekayo emzimbeni wethu. Ngaphandle kwezi seli, asinakuhlala siphilile.
- Ukugcina iiminerali:Amathambo ethu yindawo yokugcina iiminerali ezibalulekileyo ezifana necalcium kunye nevithamin D. Afana nebhanki. Xa umzimba uwadinga, ayakhululwa emathanjeni.
Ziziphi iindawo eziphambili zenkqubo yamathambo?
Masibone ngoku ukuba zeziphi iindawo ezenza le nkqubo imangalisayo. Uyakhumbula loo mathambo eplastiki owawunawo kwiklasi yesayensi esikolweni? Asingomathambo nje kuphela, kodwa baninzi ngakumbi.
| Inxalenye | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Amathambo | Le yeyona nkxaso iphambili yomzimba wethu. Kukho amathambo amalunga nama-206 emzimbeni womntu omdala. |
| Izihlunu | Ezi zihlunu ezisenza sishukume, zenziwe ngeefayibha ezithambileyo. Kukho izihlunu ezingaphezu kwama-600 emizimbeni yethu. Zinceda kuyo yonke into ukusuka ekuhambeni ukuya ekuphefumleni ukuya ekugayeni ukutya. |
| I-Cartilage | Ezi zizicubu eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo ezisebenza njengezixhobo zokufunxa uloyiko ukuthintela amathambo ukuba angakhuhlani emalungeni ethu. Zikwafumaneka nakwiimpumlo zethu nakwiindlebe zethu. |
| Iiligamenti | Ezi zifana nemisipha eqinileyo edibanisa ithambo elinye kwelinye kwaye igcina ilungu lizinzile. |
| Iitendon | Ezi zifana neentambo eziqinileyo. Ezi misipha zidibanisa izihlunu namathambo. |
| Amalunga | Sibiza ilungu naphi na apho amathambo amabini adibana khona. Ezinye okanye zonke ezi ndawo zingase zibekhona kweli lungu. |
Ziziphi izifo neemeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela le nkqubo?
Ngenxa yokuba sisebenzisa inkqubo yethu yamathambo rhoqo, kukho izifo ezininzi kunye nokwenzakala okunokuyichaphazela. Nantoni na eyonakalisa amathambo okanye izicwili ezidityanisiweyo ichaphazela le nkqubo.
Izifo ezibonwa rhoqo
- Isifo samathambo: Abantu abaninzi bavile ngale nto. Ngamafutshane, yimeko apho amalungu avuvukala aze abe buhlungu.
- I-Bursitis: Ukudumba kweengxowa ezizaliswe lulwelo (i-bursae) ezijikeleze amalungu okwenza kube lula ukuhamba.
- I-Tendinitis: Ukudumba okanye ukudumba kwemisipha.
- I-Osteoporosis: Le yimeko apho ubuninzi bamathambo buyehla, nto leyo ebenza babe buthathaka kwaye baphuke lula.
Izifo ezichaphazela umzimba
Ngamanye amaxesha inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela ayisebenzi kakuhle ize iqalise ukuhlasela amalungu omzimba asempilweni, ingakumbi amalungu.
- Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuba yiRheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
- Isifo samathambo se-Psoriatic
- I-Lupus
Iingozi kunye nokwenzakala
Izinto ezinje ngokuwa, iingozi zeemoto, kunye nokwenzakala kwezemidlalo zingonakalisa inkqubo yamathambo.
- Ukulimala kwezemidlalo
- Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo
- Ukufuduka
- Ukuxinana kwemisipha
- Ukukrazula/ukukrazula kwemisipha
Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokubona ingxaki kwinkqubo yamathambo?
Ekubeni izifo ezininzi kunye nokwenzakala kuchaphazela le nkqubo, iimpawu zingahluka. Ukuba uhlangabezana nento efanayo, yazi ngayo.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Intlungu | Intlungu ivakala kwizihlunu, amalungu, okanye emathanjeni. |
| Ukuqina | Ukuziva kunzima ukushukumisa amalungu omzimba, ingakumbi xa uvuka kusasa. |
| Ukudumba | Ukudumba kwelungu okanye inxalenye yalo. Oku kungaba luphawu lokudumba. |
| Ukutshintsha kombala/ukugruzuka kolusu | Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye omfusa kwindawo yokwenzakala. |
| Ukuziva ufudumele | Indawo evuvukileyo okanye ebuhlungu ivakala ifudumele xa uyichukumisa kunezinye iindawo. |
| Ubunzima bokuhamba | Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa inxalenye yomzimba njengesiqhelo. |
| Ukuva isandi esifana nesithi 'tock' okanye 'pop' | Ukuva okanye ukuziva isandi esifana namathambo sigudlana xa ugoba okanye ushukumisa ilungu. |
Kubalulekile: Ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka, musa ukuzityeshela. Qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho ukuze akunike ingcebiso.
Ziziphi iimvavanyo kunye nonyango lwezi ngxaki?
Xa usiya kugqirha, nguye oza kugqiba ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezifunekayo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho.
Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo
- Ii-X-reyi: Jonga amathambo aphukileyo kunye notshintsho oluvela kumalungu.
- Ii-ultrasound: Jonga imeko yezicubu ezithambileyo ezifana nezihlunu kunye nemisipha.
- I-CT scan: Fumana umfanekiso oneenkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngamathambo kunye nezicubu ezijikelezileyo.
- I-MRI Scan (MRI):Khangela ngokukodwa umonakalo kwizicubu ezithambileyo, imisipha, kunye ne-cartilage.
- Uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo (i-DXA scan): Jonga iimeko ezifana ne-osteoporosis.
Iindlela zonyango
Unyango luxhomekeke kwimeko okanye ukwenzakala onako. Ugqirha wakho uza kucebisa unyango olulungele wena.
- Amayeza: Amayeza anjengee -NSAID (iziyobisi ezichasene nokuvuvukala ezingezizo ii-steroidal) anikwa ukunciphisa iintlungu nokudumba. Ukuba sisifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba, amayeza athile ayanikwa loo nto.
- Ukungakwazi ukuhambahamba: Xa kukho ukwenzakala, kunokufuneka usebenzise i-splint, i-cast, okanye i-sling engalweni yakho ukuze ugcine loo ndawo ingashukumi ide iphole.
- Unyango lomzimba: Ingakumbi emva kokwenzakala, unokufuna uncedo lwengcali yonyango lomzimba ukuze uqinise izihlunu kwaye ubuyisele ukuhamba kwamalungu.
- Utyando lokutshintshwa kwamalungu (i-Arthroplasty): Abanye abantu banezihlunu ezonakeleyo kakhulu kwaye banokufuna utyando lokutshintsha lonke okanye inxalenye yamalungu. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zokutshintshwa kwamalungu yidolo nesinqe.
Siyigcina njani inkqubo yethu yamathambo isempilweni?
Zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukuze sigcine le nkqubo yethu yokuxhasa inamandla kwaye isempilweni.
- Ukutya okunempilo: Ukufumana ukutya okune -calcium eninzi (ubisi, iyogathi, itshizi, intlanzi encinci, imifuno eluhlaza) kunye ne -vitamin D (evela elangeni, amaqanda) kubalulekile kumathambo aqinileyo.
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Ukuzilolonga okuthwala ubunzima (ukuhamba, ukubaleka, ukunyuka izinyuko) kuqinisa amathambo. Ukuzilolonga okuqinisa izihlunu nako kubalulekile.
- Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Njengoko ubunzima bomzimba busanda, uxinzelelo olungakumbi lubekwa kumalungu, ingakumbi amadolo kunye nezinqe.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya nokusela utywala kakhulu: Zombini ezi ndlela zinciphisa uxinano lwamathambo kwaye zonyusa umngcipheko we-osteoporosis.
Khumbula ezi zinto ukuze uzikhusele kwiingozi:
- Nxiba ibhanti lokhuseleko nanini na xa usemotweni.
- Nxiba izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo xa udlala imidlalo.
- Ungalibali ukuzifudumeza ngaphambi kokuba uzilolonge uze uzipholise emva koko.
- Ekhaya nasemsebenzini, musa ukubeka izinto phantsi ezinokubangela ukuba utyibilike uze uwe.
- Musa ukukhwela ezitulweni okanye etafileni ukuze ufikelele kwinto engaphezulu. Sebenzisa isixhobo esifanelekileyo kuloo njongo.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuhamba okanye usemngciphekweni wokuwa, sebenzisa iintonga okanye i -walker .
Inkqubo yethu yamathambo yinkqubo emangalisayo esibambayo. Nokuba singumdlali wezemidlalo okanye sihleli ebhasini sifunda eli nqaku, sisebenzisa amathambo ethu, izihlunu, kunye nezicubu ezidityanisiweyo ngamaxesha onke. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzinyamekela. Ukuba uziva iintlungu ezintsha, ukuqina, okanye ukudumba, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane unobangela kwaye ufumane unyango.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Inkqubo yamathambo ayingomathambo kuphela; ikwaquka nezihlunu, i-cartilage, imisipha kunye ne-ligaments.
- Imisebenzi yayo ephambili kukunika umzimba imo, ukubonelela ngentshukumo, ukukhusela amalungu omzimba, ukuvelisa iiseli zegazi, kunye nokugcina iiminerali.
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezifana nentlungu yamalungu, ukudumba, kunye nobunzima bokuhamba. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo okanye ukwenzakala okungabonakaliyo.
- Ungayigcina inkqubo yakho yamathambo iqinile ngokutya ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo.
- Ukuba unentlungu engapheliyo okanye ezinye iimpawu, bona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike icebiso.
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