Ngaba unokuba nale ngxaki 'engathethiyo' egazini lakho? Masifunde ngeSmoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM)!

Ngamanye amaxesha, iingxaki ezinkulu zinokuvela emizimbeni yethu ngaphandle kweempawu zangaphandle. Usenokucinga, "Owu, oko kungenzeka njani?" Ewe, ewe, kunokwenzeka. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko ethile enokuthi ivele buthule, ingabonakalisi zimpawu, kodwa inokuthi ikhule ibe ngumhlaza omkhulu kwixesha elizayo. Oogqirha bayibiza le nto (Smoldering Multiple Myeloma - SMM) . Ngamafutshane, oku kufana nesigaba sokuqala sesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi "chronic multiple myeloma."

Yintoni iSmoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM)?

Ngamafutshane, i-Smoldering Multiple Myeloma yimeko echaphazela igazi lakho kunye nomongo wamathambo. Oku kunokuphumela ekubeni ngumhlaza wegazi ongaqhelekanga obizwa ngokuba yi-active Multiple Myeloma (MM) . Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, "Yintoni le multiple myeloma?" Iiseli zeplasma luhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela. Ezi zezona zenza ii-antibodies ezinceda umzimba wethu ukulwa nesifo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ezi seli zeplasma zinokutshintsha zibe ziiseli ezingaqhelekanga. Kulapho kwenzeka khona imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-multiple myeloma.

Ngoko ke, i-SMM linqanaba "lokuthula" ngaphambi kokuba ibe ngumhlaza obizwa ngokuba yi-multiple myeloma, ngaphandle kweempawu. Ngamanye amaxesha kungathatha iminyaka ukuba i-SMM ibe yi-multiple myeloma esebenzayo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, abanye abantu abane-SMM abaze babe ne-active multiple myeloma esebenzayo. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha behlala bejonga abantu abane-SMM ukuze babone iimpawu zokuba inokuguquka ibe ngumhlaza osebenzayo.

Ngaba umhlaza (SMM)?

Lo ngumbuzo onzima kancinci. I-SMM ayiphathwa njengomhlaza ngokwawo. Nangona kunjalo, kuba inokukhula ibe ngumhlaza obizwa ngokuba yi-active multiple myeloma, ithathwa njengesandulela somhlaza. Khawuthelekelele ukuba unendawo engaqhelekanga eluswini lwakho, uphawu lokuzalwa. Oko kungaba luphawu lokuqala lomhlaza wolusu, akunjalo? Yiyo loo nto i-SMM iyiyo. Kuthetha ukuba unethuba elithile lokufumana i-multiple myeloma. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bejonga abantu abanale meko ngokusondeleyo .

Ngaba kukho ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela ukuba umntu abe ne-multiple myeloma?

Ewe, ikho enye. Ibizwa ngokuba yiMonoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) . Njenge-SMM, le yimeko enokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba kubekho i-multiple myeloma. Oogqirha bacinga ukuba i-MGUS (ebizwa ngokuba yi-"M-gus") yimbangela ye-multiple myeloma.

Ichaphazela njani (i-SMM) umzimba wam? Zithini iimpawu?

Nantsi into ebalulekileyo: Uninzi lwabantu abane-(SMM) ababonisi zimpawu.Oko kuthetha ukuba usenokungaziva ntlungu okanye iintlungu. Uninzi lwabantu lufumanisa ukuba bane-SMM xa bevavanywa igazi rhoqo ngesizathu esithile. Ezo vavanyo zegazi zinokubonisa ukuba uneproteni engaqhelekanga ebizwa ngokuba yi -M proteins , eyenziwa ziiseli zeplasma ezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni wakho.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lubonisa ukuba ezi seli zeplasma ezingaqhelekanga zivelisa iiproteni zokuzikhusela ezingaqhelekanga (iiproteni ze-M). Kwakhona, ukuba wenza i-bone marrow biopsy, oogqirha banokuzibona ezi seli zeplasma ezingaqhelekanga kwi-bone marrow. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha "lokutsha", i-myeloma ayibangeli ngxaki emzimbeni wakho, ngoko ke abantu abane-SMM badla ngokungabi nazimpawu.

Ngubani onokuyifumana (i-SMM)? Ngaba esi sisifo esiqhelekileyo?

Le meko idla ngokuchaphazela abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala. Ubudala obuqhelekileyo bokuxilongwa buphakathi kweminyaka engama-62 ukuya kwengama-67 ubudala.

(SMM) asisosifo siqhelekileyo. Abaphandi baqikelela ukuba sichaphazela umntu omnye kuphela kwi-100,000. Nangona kunjalo, i-multiple myeloma ichaphazela abantu abasixhenxe kuphela kwi-100,000. Ngoko ke, (SMM) sisifo esingaqhelekanga nangakumbi.

Iyintoni ingozi yokukhula (i-SMM) ibe yi-active multiple myeloma?

Oku kubalulekile ukwazi. Kwiminyaka emihlanu yokuqala emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba une-SMM, malunga ne-10% yabantu abane-SMM bahlakulela i-active multiple myeloma rhoqo ngonyaka. Kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo, loo pesenti yehla iye kwi-3% ngonyaka. Emva kweminyaka eli-10 yokuqala, le ngozi yehla iye kwi-1% ngonyaka.

Oku kuthetha ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu one-(SMM) oza kuba ne-multiple myeloma. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umngcipheko, ngoko ke ukujonga rhoqo unyango kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngaba kukho iimvavanyo ezinokuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba umntu uza kuba ne-multiple myeloma?

Ngelishwa, okwangoku akukho vavanyo olunokuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba umntu uza kuba ne-multiple myeloma. Oogqirha nabaphandi bayaqhubeka nokuhlalutya utshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo oluhambelana ne-multiple myeloma kwaye bajonge ukubona ukuba banokubona na ukuba umntu one-SMM uza kuba ne-multiple myeloma.

Zithini izizathu zokuvela kwe (SMM)?

Abaphandi bayazi ukuba iiseli zeplasma ezingaqhelekanga kunye nezinto ezibizwa ngokuba ziiproteni ze-M ziluphawu lwe-multiple myeloma (MM) kunye ne-multiple myeloma (MM). Nangona kunjalo, abakayazi kakuhle into ebangela ukuba iiseli zeplasma eziqhelekileyo neziphilileyo zibe zingaqhelekanga. Baphanda ezinye zezizathu ezinokubakho:

• Utshintsho kwizakhi zofuzo: Abaphandi bajonga ukuba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kotshintsho kwiizakhi zofuzo ezithile (i-oncogenes - izakhi zofuzo ezikhuthaza ukukhula kweeseli) kunye ne-multiple myeloma (MM).
• Ukutyeba kakhulu: Kukho ingcinga yokuba ukutyeba kakhulu emzimbeni nako kusenokuba yimbangela.

Indlela yokubona (i-SMM)? Loluphi uhlobo lovavanyo oluqhutywayo?

Oogqirha banokwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unale meko. Khumbula, ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi kunye/okanye lomchamo oluqhelekileyo lubonisa iimpawu zeproteni ye-M, oko kusenokuba luphawu lokuqala lokuba une-multiple myeloma. Oogqirha baya kwenza uvavanyo olusisiseko ukuze babone ukuba imeko yakho iyaqhubeka na ukuya kwi-multiple myeloma. Olu vavanyo lungabandakanya:

• Inani elipheleleyo legazi (CBC): Oku kulinganisa inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets eziveliswa ngumongo wakho wethambo.
• Uvavanyo lwekhemikhali yegazi: Olu vavanyo lujonga inqanaba le-creatinine yakho (ukujonga ukuba izintso zakho zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani), inqanaba le-albumin (ukujonga ukuba izintso zakho nesibindi zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani), kunye nenqanaba le-calcium (ukujonga ukulahleka kwamathambo).
• Uvavanyo lwe-immunoglobulin yobungakanani: Olu vavanyo lwegazi lulinganisa amanqanaba eeproteni ze-M (iiproteni zokuzikhusela) egazini lakho.
• I-Electrophoresis kunye ne-serum immunofixation: Olu vavanyo lukhangela iiproteni ze-M egazini lakho.
• Uvavanyo lomchamo: Oogqirha banokukucela ukuba uqokelele umchamo ekhaya iiyure ezingama-24 ukuze ujonge iiproteni ze-M.
• Ii-X-reyi: Ii-X-reyi zisetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba kukho umonakalo emathanjeni ngenxa ye-multiple myeloma.
• I-Computed Tomography (CT) scan: Le yenye indlela yokubona umonakalo emathanjeni.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa amaza erediyo kunye neemagnethi ezinamandla ukwenza imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zamathambo akho kunye nomqolo. Olu vavanyo lungasetyenziselwa ukukhangela ubungqina bomonakalo wamathambo kwangethuba.
• Iibhayoloji zomongo wethambo: Oogqirha bangathatha isampuli yomongo wakho wethambo baze bawuhlalutye ukuze babone ipesenti yeeseli zeplasma eziqhelekileyo nezingaqhelekanga kuwo. Banokujonga nesampuli yomongo wethambo ukuze babone utshintsho kwi-DNA yakho olunokukhokelela kumhlaza.

Zithini iikhrayitheriya ze (SMM)?

Xa oogqirha bethetha "ngeekhrayitheriya," bathetha iziphumo zovavanyo ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yezonyango efunekayo ukuze kufunyanwe isifo. Iikhrayitheriya ze-(SMM) zezi:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi olubonisa inqanaba leprotheyini ye-M engaphezulu kwe-3g/dl (iigram ezi-3 kwidesilitha nganye yegazi).
• Uvavanyo lomchamo oluthatha iiyure ezingama-24 lubonisa ii-500 milligrams okanye ngaphezulu zeproteni. Okanye...
• I-bone marrow biopsy ibonisa ukuba iiseli zeplasma zenza phakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-59% yeeseli zegazi ezipheleleyo kumongo wakho wethambo. Kwaye...
• Akukho zimpawu zezilonda zamathambo ezingaqhelekanga okanye umonakalo wezintso onokubangelwa yi-myeloma, inani leeseli zakho zegazi liqhelekile, kwaye amanqanaba akho e-calcium aqhelekile.

Inyangwa njani le meko?

Okwangoku, unyango oluqhelekileyo lwe-SMM "lukulinda ngononophelo." Oku kubandakanya oogqirha abenza uvavanyo rhoqo ukujonga amanqanaba eproteni ye-M egazini lakho kunye namanqanaba eeseli zeplasma kumongo wakho wethambo. Njengomlindi, bajonga ukubona ukuba isifo siba mandundu na.

Abanye abantu banokuba nomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba ne-multiple myeloma esebenzayo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, abanye oogqirha banokucebisa ukuba baqale unyango lwe-multiple myeloma kwangethuba. Ukuba une-multiple myeloma (MM), ugqirha wakho ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukukunika ulwazi kunye neengcebiso zonyango ozifunayo.

Ndingayinciphisa na ingozi yokuphuhlisa isifo (i-SMM)?

Ngelishwa, okwangoku akukho ndlela eyaziwayo yokuthintela ukwakheka kwe (SMM).

Ungaphila ixesha elingakanani ne (SMM)?

Indlela le meko echaphazela ngayo wonke umntu yahlukile. Abanye abantu banokuba nayo kodwa abakaze babe ne-multiple myeloma. Abanye abantu bahlakulela i-multiple myeloma kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka emva kokuba befunyaniswe benesifo. Ukuba ukhathazekile ngokuphila ne-SMM, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba yintoni onokuyilindela. Ngabo bantu balungileyo ukukunika ulwazi oluthile.

Ungaphila ixesha elingakanani une-multiple myeloma?

Oku kukwayingxaki kubantu abaninzi. Malunga nama-40% ukuya kuma-82% abantu abane-multiple myeloma bayaphila emva kweminyaka emihlanu bexilongiwe. Oku kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka uhlobo lwesifo kunye nendlela esisabela ngayo kunyango.

Ndingayinyamekela njani impilo yam?

Ukuba une-multiple myeloma, usenokungadingi unyango ngoko nangoko - okanye naphakade. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba uze kuhlolwa rhoqo. Oku kukujonga ukuba imeko yakho itshintshile yaba yi-multiple myeloma. Ukuphila ne-multiple myeloma kunokuba luxinzelelo kwaye kubangele ixhala . Usenokucinga, "Owu, ndingathanda ukuba ndenze into ngale nto." Kuqhelekile oko. Kodwa kukho izinto onokuzenza ukuze unyamekele impilo yakho iyonke:

• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo esifanelekileyo. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngale nto, qhagamshelana nengcali yesondlo.
• Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, nceda uzame ukuyeka.
• Phumla ngokwaneleyo.
• Zikhusele kwiintsholongwane. Buza ugqirha wakho ngeendlela zokuthintela izifo.
• Zilolonge rhoqo.Kodwa, thetha nogqirha wakho kuqala uze ubuze ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomthambo olulungele wena kunye nokuba kufuneka ulwenze kangakanani. Akulunganga nokwenza okuninzi kakhulu.
• Nika ingqalelo kwimpilo yakho yengqondo. Ukuba uziva ulusizi okanye udandathekile ngenxa yemeko yakho, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo. Qiniseka ukuba uyabaxelela, ingakumbi ukuba usizi okanye uxinezeleko luhlala ngaphezu kweeveki ezimbini okanye luphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba unayo (i-SMM), nantsi eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Kutheni oku kwenzeke kum?
• Oku kuyichaphazela njani ubomi bam bemihla ngemihla?
• Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba i-myeloma emininzi ikhule?
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimpawu ezithile ezinokubonisa i-multiple myeloma, kwaye ngaba kufuneka ndizazi?
• Ngaba kukho unyango lokuthintela imeko (i-SMM) ukuba ikhule ibe yi-multiple myeloma?

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM) yimeko eyenzeka ngaphambi kokuba ibe nomhlaza ye-multiple myeloma (MM). Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu one-SMM oya kuba ne-active multiple myeloma. Abantu abane-SMM bahlala befuna ukwazi ukuba baza kuba ne-active multiple myeloma, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, nini. Le yimibuzo enzima ukuyiphendula. Oogqirha abanazo zonke iimpendulo okwangoku.

Nangona kunjalo, uphando lwakutshanje lubonisa ukuba ngokubhala utshintsho kwiijini ezithile, kunokwenzeka ukuqikelela ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile ukuba (i-SMM) iya kukhula ibe yi-multiple myeloma, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, nini.

Ukuba unale meko, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kukho naluphi na ulwazi olutsha olunxulumene nemeko yakho. Baza kukuvuyela ukukunceda. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela icebiso likagqirha wakho kwaye uhlale uqinile engqondweni.

I- Smoldering Multiple Myeloma, i-SMM, i-Multiple Myeloma, umhlaza, isifo segazi, umongo wethambo, iproteni ye-M, umhlaza wegazi, iiseli zeplasma