Ngaba amehlo akho okanye omntwana wakho akajonganga kakuhle? Masithethe ngeStrabismus!

Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba amehlo omntwana wakho omncinci ngamanye amaxesha ajika kwicala elahlukileyo? Okanye ukuba xa elinye iliso lijonge ngqo, elinye iliso libonakala lisiya kwicala elahlukileyo? Mhlawumbi nawe ukhe wakubona oku. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-strabismus ngokwezonyango, okanye amehlo anqamlezileyo. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje.

Yintoni iStrabismus? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, i-strabismus yimeko apho amehlo akho engajongi kwicala elinye. Oko kukuthi, elinye iliso lijonge kwelinye icala. Cinga ngayo njengabazalwana ababini abasebenza kunye. Bobabini kufuneka bajonge kwindawo enye.

Ngokwesiqhelo, kukho izihlunu ezintandathu ezijikeleze amehlo ethu. Ezi zihlunu zinceda ekushukumiseni amehlo ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye, phezulu nasezantsi. Xa zonke ezi zihlunu zisebenza kunye kwaye zilungelelana kakuhle, omabini amehlo ajonge kwicala elinye. Nangona kunjalo, kumntu one-strabismus, kukho ingxaki ngokusebenza kwezi zihlunu. Ngenxa yoko, indawo eqhelekileyo yamehlo (ukulungelelaniswa kwamehlo) ayinakugcinwa.

Nangona le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci , abantu abadala nabo banokuba ne-strabismus. Eyona nto ibangela oku kubantu abadala sistroke. Inokubangelwa nakukuxhwaleka emzimbeni. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-strabismus eyayikho ebuntwaneni, inganyangwanga kakuhle, okanye iphinda ivele emva konyango, inokubakho nasebudaleni.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-strabismus?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-strabismus. Makhe sijonge ezimbalwa zazo.

Iintlobo ezibonwa rhoqo

• I-Accommodative esotropia: Oku kudla ngokuvela kubantu abangaboni kakuhle nakwabo banembali yosapho lwabo yokujika amehlo. Xa sijonga into ethile, amehlo ethu akwicala esijolise kulo. Ngoko ke, xa kufuneka sisebenze nzima ukuze sibone into ekude, amehlo ethu anokujika ajonge ngaphakathi.
• I-exotropia engapheliyo: Kolu hlobo, xa elinye iliso lijonge kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo, elinye iliso lijika liye phambili. Rhoqo, iliso linokutshintshatshintsha phakathi kokujonga ngqo phambili nokujika liye ngaphandle.
• I-esotropia yosana: Kule meko, omabini amehlo ajika kakhulu ngaphakathi kwiintsana ezincinci, oko kukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba zibe neenyanga ezi-6 ubudala. Aba bantwana badla ngokungaboni kakuhle izinto ezikude, kwaye iiglasi azilungisi le meko. Nangona ukuphambuka kwangaphakathi kwenzeka ngamanye amaxesha ekuqaleni, kuba yinto ehlala ihleli emva kwexesha elithile. Oku kuphambuka kwenzeka xa ujonga umgama nakufutshane. Unyango loku kukutyanda izihlunu zelinye okanye zombini iliso ukulungisa ukuphambuka.

Zikwahlulwa ngokwecala apho amehlo ajikwa khona.

Oogqirha bahlulahlula i-strabismus ngokwecala elijika ngalo iliso, ukuba yenzeka kangaphi, nokuba ingaba ichaphazela iliso elinye kuphela okanye omabini amehlo ngokutshintshana.

• Ukuba iliso lakho lijonge ngaphakathi , libizwa ngokuba yi -esotropia .
• Ukuba iliso lakho lijika liye ngaphandle , libizwa ngokuba yi-exotropia . (Zombini i-esotropia kunye ne-exotropia ziintlobo ze-strabismus ethe tye.)
• Ukuba iliso lakho lijonge phezulu , libizwa ngokuba yi -hypertropia .
• Ukuba iliso lakho lijonge ezantsi , libizwa ngokuba yi-hypotropia . (Zombini i-hypertropia kunye ne-hypotropia ziintlobo ze-strabismus ethe nkqo.)

Kwakhona, le meko:

• I-Strabismus inokuba yinto engaguqukiyo okanye eyenzeka ngamaxesha athile. I-Strabismus eyenzeka ngamaxesha athile ibizwa ngokuba yi-transient strabismus.
• Ingasoloko ikwicala elinye .
• Ngamanye amaxesha inokuba liliso elinye kwaye ngamanye amaxesha elinye (elitshintshanayo) .

Ngamanye amaxesha i-strabismus inokunxulunyaniswa ne-nerve palsies. Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-oculomotor palsy, i-superior oblique palsy, okanye i-abducens palsy. (Ezi zibangelwa ziingxaki zemithambo-luvo yethu yesithathu, yesine, neyesithandathu ye-cranial.)

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Ngokwezibalo, malunga ne-4% yabemi baseMelika, okanye malunga ne-13 yezigidi zabantu, banale meko yokuxhuzula kwamehlo. Le meko inokubonwa naseSri Lanka.

Zithini iimpawu ze-strabismus?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho une-strabismus, unokubona iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Umbono ophindwe kabini .
• Xa ujonge into ekufutshane , elinye iliso livalekile okanye ligqunywe ngesandla .
• Ujika okanye ajike intloko aye kwicala elinye .
• Intloko ebuhlungu .
• Kunzima ukuyifunda .
• Amehlo aziva ediniwe (Uxinzelelo lwamehlo) .
• Xa ujonge into ekude, okanye ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo, iliso elinye liyavaleka .

Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala nini?

I-Strabismus idla ngokubonakala kakhulu kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa kunye nabantwana abancinci . Idla ngokubonakala xa umntwana eneminyaka emi-3 ubudala.

Nangona kunjalo, kuqhelekile ukuba amehlo omntwana wakho osandul’ ukuzalwa abonakale ediniwe ngamanye amaxesha aze ahambe apha naphaya . Oku kuya kuphela emva kwexesha elithile. Xa sele eneminyaka eyi-3-4 ubudala .Amehlo omntwana kufuneka akwazi "ukugxila" nakwizinto ezincinci. Kwakhona, amehlo kufuneka athe tye kwaye alungelelaniswe kakuhle. Umntwana oneenyanga ezi-6 ubudala kufuneka akwazi ukubona izinto ezikufutshane kunye nezinto ezikude ngokucacileyo.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba umntwana omdala okanye umntu omdala uziva exhuzula amehlo ngequbuliso , ingakumbi xa ebona izinto ezimbini, oko kungaba luphawu lwengxaki enkulu yemithambo-luvo . Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko .

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ngokwenene ukufana nebhedi engenabhedi? - Yiyo loo nto i-pseudostrabismus

Ngamanye amaxesha, amehlo omntwana wakho anokubonakala ngathi anqamlezekile ngoxa engekho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-pseudostrabismus, okanye i-false strabismus. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba umntwana wakho unesikhumba esongezelelweyo kwiikona zangaphakathi zamehlo akhe okanye ukuba ibhuloho yempumlo yakhe ithambile. Olu hlobo lobuso luya kuphela njengoko ubuso bomntwana wakho bukhula kwaye bukhula.

Zithini izizathu ze-strabismus?

Amaxesha amaninzi, i-strabismus ibangelwa yingxaki yokulawulwa kwemisipha ye-neuromuscular yentshukumo yeliso. Oku kubandakanya ingqondo. Akufane kwenzeke, ibangelwa yingxaki yemisipha yeliso ngokwayo. Esinye isizathu yimbali yosapho . Malunga nama-30% abantwana abane-strabismus banelungu losapho elinengxaki efanayo.

Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-strabismus

Kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ukukhathala kwamehlo:

• Iimpazamo zokungalungisisi ukuchasana nombono.
• Umbono obuthathaka kwelinye iliso.
• Imeko yokukhubazeka kwengqondo.
• I-Down syndrome (malunga ne-20% - 60% yabantu abane-Down syndrome bane-strabismus).
• I-Hydrocephalus (imeko yokuzalwa apho ulwelo luqokelelana khona engqondweni).
• Iithumba zobuchopho.
• Istroke (imbangela ephambili yestrabismus kubantu abadala).
• Ukulimala entloko - Oku kungonakalisa indawo yengqondo elawula intshukumo yamehlo, imithambo-luvo elawula intshukumo yamehlo, kunye nemisipha yamehlo.
• Iingxaki ze-neurological.
• Isifo seGraves (ukuveliswa kakhulu kwehomoni ye-thyroid).

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yestrabismus?

Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba ukufiphala kwamehlo kubantwana abancinci kuya kuba ngcono njengoko bekhula. Enyanisweni, ukuba ayinyangwa, imeko inokuba mandundu.

Ukuba amehlo akho akahambelani kakuhle, iingxaki ezifana nezi zinokwenzeka:

• Iliso elivilaphayo / i-amblyopiaOkanye umbono okwiliso elichaphazelekayo unokuba nokuphazamiseka okungapheliyo. Xa amehlo ejonga kwicala elahlukileyo, ingqondo ifumana imifanekiso emibini. Ukuthintela ukubona kabini, ingqondo isenokungawunaki umfanekiso ovela kwiliso elichaphazelekayo. Oku kubangela ukuba umbono okwiliso elichaphazelekayo ungaphuhli kakuhle.
• Umbono ofipheleyo , onokuchaphazela umsebenzi wesikolo, umsebenzi, izinto ozithandayo, kunye nemisebenzi yokuzonwabisa.
• Uxinzelelo lwamehlo.
• Ukudinwa.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Umbono ophindwe kabini.
• Umbono ombi onemilinganiselo emithathu/3D . Oku kuthetha ukuba amandla okuqonda ubunzulu ayancipha.
• Ukungazithembi (usenokuba neentloni ngendlela amehlo akho abukeka ngayo).

Kwakhona, ukuba ugqirha akayiqapheli kwaye akayihoyi i-strabismus, ingxaki enkulu efana nomhlaza wobuchopho isenokungabonwa .

Ifunyanwa njani i-strabismus?

Nawuphi na umntwana oneminyaka engaphezu kweenyanga ezi-4 ubudala obonakala ene-strabismus kufuneka ahlolwe amehlo ngokupheleleyo ngugqirha wamehlo wabantwana. Olu vavanyo luza kujonga ngokukodwa indlela amehlo agxila kwaye ashukuma ngayo. Olu vavanyo lungabandakanya:

• Imbali yezonyango ( funda ngeempawu, imbali yosapho, iingxaki zempilo ngokubanzi, amayeza asetyenzisiweyo, kunye nezinye izinto ezinokuthi zichaphazele iimpawu).
• Ubuchule bokubona ( ukufunda oonobumba kwitshati yamehlo okanye ukuvavanya indlela yokubona yabantwana abancinci).
• Uvavanyo lokurhawuzelelwa (lulinganisa indlela amehlo ajonga ngayo ukukhanya ngokufaka iseti yeelensi ezichanekileyo). Abantwana akufuneki babe badala ngokwaneleyo ukuba bathethe xa bevavanywa iiglasi.
• Uvavanyo lokulungelelanisa kunye nokugxila .
• Ukuhlola impilo yezakhiwo zangaphakathi zeliso ngokuvula amehlo ngee -eyedrops.

Kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi ezinokunceda ekuchongeni unobangela kunye nonyango lwe-strabismus:

• Ingaba ingxaki ivele ngequbuliso, okanye kancinci kancinci?
• Ingaba bekukwiinyanga ezi-6 zokuqala zobomi, okanye kwenzeke kamva?
• Ingaba lihlala lichaphazeleka iliso elinye, okanye liyatshintsha amehlo?
• Ingaba ubungakanani bokutsalwa buncinci, buphakathi, okanye bukhulu?
• Ingaba ihlala ikhona, okanye ngamanye amaxesha kuphela?
• Ngaba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho owayene-strabismus?

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-strabismus?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwe-strabismus. Ugqirha wakho wamehlo uza kuthetha nawe malunga neendlela ezifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho. Iindlela zonyango ziquka:

• Iiglasi zamehlo okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano:Ukuba uneengxaki zokungahoywa kwe-refractive errors, ukunxiba iilensi zokulungisa kunokunceda ukugcina amehlo akho ethe tye, njengoko kunciphisa umgudu amehlo akho ekufuneka awubeke ekugxileni.
• Iilensi zePrism: Ezi luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwelensi olugoba ukukhanya okungena elisweni, nto leyo enciphisa ukubona kabini.
• Ii-Orthoptics (uqheliso lwamehlo): Olu qheliso lunokuba luncedo kwezinye iintlobo ze-strabismus, ingakumbi i-convergence insufficiency (uhlobo lwe-exotropia).
• Amayeza: Amaconsi amehlo, amafutha okugcoba, okanye inaliti yetyhefu ye-botulinum uhlobo A (umz., iBotox®) inokwenza buthathaka izihlunu zamehlo ezisebenza kakhulu. Olu nyango lungasetyenziswa kunye notyando okanye endaweni yalo, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho.
• Ukupeyinta: Ukuba une-strabismus kunye ne-amblyopia, le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukuyinyanga. Inokukunceda nokulawula i-strabismus ngokuphucula umbono.
• Utyando lwemisipha yamehlo (utyando lwestrabismus): Olu tyando lutshintsha ubude okanye indawo yemisipha yamehlo ukuze ilungelelanise amehlo ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele, kusetyenziswa izititshi ezinyibilikayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu abadala banikwa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-adjustable strabismus surgery. Kule meko, indawo yemisipha yamehlo iyalungiswa emva kotyando.

Kuya kufuneka uphinde ubonane nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane amadinga okulandela ukuze ubone ukuba usabela njani kunyango. Ugqirha uza kwenza naluphi na utshintsho olufunekayo.

Iza kuba njani imeko emva konyango? Injani imeko?

Ukuba umntwana wakho une-strabismus, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokumnceda ukuba abone kakuhle kwaye aqonde kakuhle . Unyango lunokuthintela nokulahlekelwa yimbono.

Nangona kunjalo, nokuba ungumntu omdala, i-strabismus inokunyangeka nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi . Ngoko ke musa ukuphelelwa lithemba.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela i-strabismus?

Hayi, i-strabismus ayinakuthintelwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-strabismus, ungacela ugqirha womntwana wakho ukuba enze uvavanyo oluthile aze abone naziphi na iingxaki zamehlo kwangethuba .

Ukuba ungumntu omdala kwaye ubona naziphi na iingxaki ngokubona kwakho, ingakumbi ukuba ukhe wahlaselwa sistroke okanye wenzakele emehlweni, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wamehlo.

Kubantwana nakubantu abadala ngokufanayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho ngokweshedyuli yokuhlolwa ecetyiswe yingcali yakho yamehlo.

Ngaba kufuneka ndiye kugqirha? Ndingaya nini?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho une-squint, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wamehlo . Kukho unyango olusebenzayo lwe-strabismus.

Nokuba unesilonda samehlo okanye ubona utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela obona ngayo, kufuneka uhlale ubona ugqirha .

Ukuba unomntwana osandul’ ukuzalwa, mhlawumbi uchitha ixesha elininzi ujonge umntwana wakho. Ekuqaleni, kusenokuba kukho ukungajolisi emehlweni, kodwa oku kuya kuphucuka kancinci kancinci. Ukuba unenkxalabo ngamehlo okanye umbono womntwana wakho, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho. Umntwana wakho akufuneki akwazi ukuthetha ukuze avavanyelwe i-strabismus. Nokuba umntwana wakho uneliso elinqamlezileyo - okanye wena unayo - khumbula ukuba i-strabismus yimeko enokunyangeka ngempumelelo . Buza ugqirha wakho ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka sizikhumbule

Sithethe kakhulu nge-strabismus namhlanje. Okokugqibela, khumbula la manqaku:

• Ukuchonga kwangethuba kubaluleke kakhulu: Nika ingqalelo kulo naluphi na utshintsho olusemehlweni, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci.
• I-Strabismus yimeko enokunyangeka: ungakhathazeki, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo.
• Kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha: Ukuba uyathandabuza, okanye ukuba kukho iimpawu ezibonakala, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wamehlo.
• Kukho nonyango lwabantu abadala: Oku kunokunyangeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, kungekuphela nje ebuntwaneni.

Amehlo akho axabiseke kakhulu. Kwaye luxanduva lwakho ukunyamekela amehlo abantwana bakho. Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda!

Iliso elinqamlezileyo, Ukungalungelelani kakuhle kwamehlo, iStrabismus, Izifo zamehlo ebantwaneni, Izihlunu zamehlo, Ukubona kabini, Iliso elivilaphayo, Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo, Utyando lwamehlo