Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba iingalo zakho, intamo, nentloko yakho zifumana njani amandla eziwadingayo ukuze zisebenze, oko kukuthi, igazi elicocekileyo nelineoksijini? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemithambo yegazi emibini ekhethekileyo enika amandla inxalenye engentla yomzimba wethu, esebenza njengenkqubo ephambili yokuhambisa amanzi kwisixeko. Le mithambo siyibiza ngokuba yi-Subclavian Arteries. Nangona igama lisenokuvakala linzima kancinci, umsebenzi wayo ulula kakhulu kwaye ubalulekile.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni ulawulo lwe-subclavian?
Cinga ngentliziyo yakho njengesikhululo esikhulu sokumpompa. Esi sikhululo sokumpompa sithwala igazi elineoksijini ukuya kuzo zonke iindawo zomzimba wakho ngenkqubo enkulu yemibhobho. Emibini yemibhobho ephambili kuloo nkqubo yimithambo ye-subclavian. Le ifumaneka ngaphantsi kwe-collarbones yakho. Omnye ngasekunene, omnye ngasekhohlo.
Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukuthwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo omninzi lisuka entliziyweni yakho liye entanyeni, entloko, nasezingalweni . Ngokuchanekileyo, le mithambo isebenza ngamacandelo amathathu:
- Inxalenye yokuqala: Le nxalenye inika igazi 'kwisangqa sikaWillis', inkqubo enkulu yemithambo yegazi enika igazi esifubeni sakho, kwi-thyroid gland, nasebuchotsheni.
- Inxalenye yesiBini: Oku kuya kubangela ukuba igazi lihambe liye kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo zentamo.
- Icandelo lesi-3: Le yeyona ndawo ikude kakhulu. Inika igazi kwiingalo zakho, kuquka izihlunu ezikwi-biceps kunye ne-triceps yakho, kunye namagxa akho.
Ziphi ezi tempile kwaye zithini amasebe azo?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, zombini ezi zihlunu ziphantsi kwamathambo ekhola. Nangona kunjalo, iindawo zokuqala zezi zihlunu zimbini zahlukile kancinci.
- Umthambo we-Subclavian wasekunene: Oku kuqala kumthambo wakho we-brachiocephalic.
- Umthambo we-Subclavian wasekhohlo: Oku kuqala ngqo kwi-aorta arch.
Le mithambo mibini iphuma embindini womzimba wakho, idlula kufutshane nombambo wakho wokuqala, apho iba yimithambo ye-axillary. Endleleni, le mithambo iphambili isasazeka iye kwamanye amasebe abalulekileyo.
| Igama leSebe | Umsebenzi |
|---|---|
| Imithambo yomqolo | Inika igazi kwiindawo ezithile zengqondo nakwi-brainstem. |
| Imithambo yangaphakathi yesifuba | Ihambisa igazi kwi-pericardium, kwisifuba, kwi-diaphragm, nakwiindawo ezithile eludongeni lwesifuba. (Oogqirha basebenzisa le artery xa besenza i-coronary artery bypass grafts.) |
| Imithambo ye-Dorsal scapular | Ithwala igazi liye kwimisipha engasentla yomqolo exhasa iingalo namagxa. |
| Isiqu somlomo wesibeleko | Ibaleka iye emacaleni entamo ize inike igazi entanyeni nasemagxeni. |
| Isiqu se-Costocervical | Zifumaneka kumacala omabini entamo, zithumela igazi ezingalweni, entanyeni nasentloko. |
Ziziphi iimeko zempilo ezinokuchaphazela le ndlela yokuziphatha?
Njengeminye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu, umthambo we-subclavian unokuchaphazeleka zizifo ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge ezinye zazo ngoku. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi ezi, kuba ukuba zifunyenwe kwangethuba, kulula ukuzinyanga.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba unezi mpawu, ungajongi nje kwi-intanethi uze ugqibe kwelokuba unesifo esithile, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha kwaye ucele ingcebiso.
| Imeko yezonyango | Kalula nje, kwenzeka ntoni? |
|---|---|
| I-atherosclerosis | Le yimeko esiyaziyo sonke njenge-'i-fatty deposits kwimithambo yegazi'. I-cholesterol kunye namafutha (i-plaque) zinokuqokelelana zize zivale imithambo yegazi ngaphakathi. Oku kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi. |
| Isifo seThoracic outlet syndrome | Oku kwenzeka xa umthambo uncipha (stenosis) ngenxa yemisipha, amathambo, okanye ezinye izicubu ezijikeleze umthambo. Oku kunciphisa inani legazi elihambayo engalweni. |
| I-arteritis kaTakayasu | Le yimeko engaqhelekanga ebizwa ngokuba yi-vasculitis. Kule meko, umthambo we-subclavian uyadumba kwaye uvuvuke. Oku kunokunciphisa ubungakanani beoksijini efikelela entloko, entanyeni nasezingalweni. |
| Isifo sokubiwa kwe-Subclavian | Okwenzekayo kweli tyala kukuba ukuncitshiswa komthambo kubangela ukuba elinye igazi ekufanele liye ebuchotsheni "litsalwe ngokufihlakeleyo" ecaleni kwengalo xa usenza umsebenzi wezandla. Oku kunciphisa inani legazi eliya ebuchotsheni, nto leyo enokubangela izinto ezifana nesiyezi. |
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zolu hlobo lwengxaki
Ngoku makhe sijonge ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo onokuzifumana ukuba unale meko. Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu rhoqo, kungcono ukubona ugqirha.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi luyatshintsha phakathi kweengalo ezimbini: I-BP kwingalo enye ibonisa ixabiso eliphantsi kakhulu kunelinye.
- Ukutshintsha kombala wesandla okanye iminwe: Isenokuba mhlophe okanye iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Ukuba ndindisholo, intlungu, okanye ubuthathaka esandleni: Isandla sivakala singandisholo, singandisholo, okanye sibuhlungu.
- Ukudumba kwesandla.
- Ukuva umkhuhlane: Ukuziva ngathi izandla zakho zibanda ngokukhawuleza kunezinye.
- Ukudinwa: Ukudinwa, ingakumbi xa usenza umsebenzi wezandla.
- Ifiva.
- Ukuquleka.
Ugqirha uyijonga njani le meko?
Xa usiya kugqirha oneempawu ezinjalo, uza kuqala akubuze imibuzo aze akuhlole. Emva koko, ukuba kuyimfuneko, angakuthumela kwezinye zezi vavanyo.
- Ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwiingalo zombini.
- I-Vascular ultrasound scan: Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukubona indlela igazi elihamba ngayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi kunye nokuba kukho naziphi na izithintelo.
- I-X-ray yesifuba.
- Uvavanyo lwe-CT scan okanye lwe-MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging - MRI).
- I-Angiogram: Oku akwenziwa rhoqo. Kule meko, kufakwa idayi ekhethekileyo emzimbeni kwaye kuthathwa i-X-ray ukwenza imephu yemithambo yegazi.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Eyona nto ingcono kukuba kubekho unyango olusebenzayo kwezi meko zininzi. Ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha unyango olufanelekileyo kwimeko yakho. Injongo ephambili kukuvula kwakhona umthambo oxineneyo okanye ovalekileyo kunye nokubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi.
Kwi-atherosclerosis:
- I-aspirin kunye namayeza okunciphisa i-cholesterol.
- I-Angioplasty: Isixhobo esifana nebhaluni sifakwa kumthambo ukuze kucinezelwe umaleko wamafutha eludongeni, kuvulwe kwakhona umthambo. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokufakwa i-stent ukuze kugcinwe umthambo uvulekile.
- Utyando oludlula kwimithambo yegazi: Utyando oludala indlela entsha yokuba igazi lijikeleze umthambo ovalekileyo.
Kwisifo se-thoracic outlet syndrome:
- Ulungiso lwenyama.
- Iipilisi zokubulala iintlungu (iiNSAID).
- Amayeza okunyibilikisa amahlwili egazi (Thrombolytics).
- Izinto ezithintela ukugabha kwegazi.
- Utyando lokususa unobangela wokuvaleka.
Nge-arteritis kaTakayasu:
- Amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala afana ne-corticosteroids.
- Amayeza okunciphisa umzimba.
- I-Angioplasty okanye utyando lokuvula ukuvaleka.
Izinto esinokuzenza ukuze sigcine olu lungelelwano lusempilweni
Izinto ezifanayo ozenzayo ukugcina inkqubo yakho yentliziyo isempilweni zizinto ezifanayo omele uzenze ukugcina umthambo wakho we-subclavian uphilile. Ezi zizinto ezilula kakhulu ezinokubandakanywa kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho kunye namayeza njengoko eyalelwe.
- Yeka ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba (ukutshaya) ngokupheleleyo.
- Zilolonge rhoqo. Nokuba uhamba nje imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku yinto enkulu.
- Gcina ubunzima bomzimba busempilweni.
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo.Yitya iziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo ezingaphezulu. Nciphisa ioyile, ityuwa, kunye neswekile.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umthambo we-subclavian ngumthambo wegazi obaluleke kakhulu onika igazi emzimbeni wethu ongasentla, ingakumbi iingalo, intamo, kunye nengqondo.
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zengalo, ukungaziva mnandi, isiyezi, okanye utshintsho kuxinzelelo lwegazi ezingalweni zakho.
- Kukho iimeko ezininzi zempilo ezinokuchaphazela olu buchule, kodwa uninzi lwazo luneendlela zonyango ezisebenzayo.
- Indlela yokuphila esempilweni (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya) inokukhusela le mithambo yegazi kunye nayo yonke inkqubo yentliziyo.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo, ungaze woyike ukuthetha nogqirha wakho wosapho ngaloo nto.
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