Kunzima ukuchaza indlela ovakalelwa ngayo xa ufumanisa ukuba unomhlaza. Kodwa xa ugqirha ethetha ngonyango uze uve amagama anjengelithi 'chemotherapy', kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika ngakumbi, unomdla, kwaye udidekile. Elinye lamayeza e-chemo asetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lomhlaza yi-'Taxane.' Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda, ngokungathi uthetha nomhlobo osenyongweni.
Yintoni kanye kanye iTaxane?
Ngamafutshane, i-taxanes ludidi lwamayeza e-chemotherapy abulala iiseli zomhlaza kwaye ayeke ukukhula kweethumba. I-Chemotherapy ibandakanya ukongeza la mayeza egazini lethu, elihamba emzimbeni wonke ukuze lifumane kwaye litshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza.
Okwenza la mayeza e-taxane abe ngawahlukileyo kukuba asuka kwimithi ngokwendalo. Aqala akhutshwa kwixolo lomthi 'weYew' . Enyanisweni, i-taxanes yenye yeentlobo ezimbini zamayeza e-chemo aphuma kwizityalo. Olunye uhlobo liqela lamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-'Vinca alkaloids', aphuma kwisityalo 'seMella'.
Kule mihla, izazinzulu zifunda ngesakhiwo seekhemikhali ze-taxanes ezifunyenwe kwezi zityalo kwaye zisebenza ekuziveliseni ngokwenziweyo kwiilabhoratri.
Eli yeza libulala njani iiseli zomhlaza?
Ukuze siqonde oku, kufuneka siqale siqonde indlela iiseli zomhlaza ezisasazeka ngayo. Umhlaza usasazeka ngokwahlula iseli enye yomhlaza ibe zimbini, ethi yona ihlukane ibe zine, ize iphindaphindeke ngokukhawuleza. Kwizonyango, inkqubo apho iseli ihlukana ibe zimbini ibizwa ngokuba yi-mitosis .
Oko kwenziwa ngamayeza e-taxane kukuphazamisa inkqubo yokwahlukana kweeseli.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba xa iseli yahlukana, izinto zemfuza ezingaphakathi kweso seli kufuneka zahlulwe zibe zimbini zize zithunyelwe kwiiseli ezimbini ezintsha. Kukho izakhiwo ezingaphakathi kweso seli ezinceda kulo msebenzi, njengeentambo ezincinci. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-microtubules . Ezi zezona zitsala iindawo ezifunekayo kwiiseli ezimbini ezintsha zahlukene.
Xa iyeza le-taxane lingeniswa emzimbeni, lenza ezi ntambo zibizwa ngokuba zii-microtubules ziqine ngokungeyomfuneko . Emva koko azikwazi ukugoba okanye ukuvuleka kakuhle. Ke ngoko, inkqubo yokwahlula iseli ibe zimbini iyema phakathi. Xa olu hlulo lungenziwa, iseli engumzali iyafa emva kwexesha elithile.
Amayeza e-Taxane alawula umhlaza ngokutshabalalisa amandla eeseli zomhlaza okwahlukana nokukhula.
Zeziphi iintlobo zomhlaza ezisetyenziselwa amayeza e-taxane?
IiTaxanes ludidi olubalulekileyo lwamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ngeentlobo zomhlaza. Ezinye zezi zisetyenziswa njengonyango lokuqala lwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, ngelixa ezinye zisetyenziselwa umhlaza osasazekayo.
| Iintlobo zomhlaza ezinyangwa ngeTaxane | |
|---|---|
| Umhlaza osetyenziswa kakhulu | |
| Umhlaza wesibeleko | Umhlaza webele |
| Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza ezinyangwayo | |
| Umhlaza wesinyi | Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko |
| Umhlaza wesisu | Umhlaza wentloko nentamo |
| Umhlaza weprostate | Umhlaza wemiphunga (umhlaza wemiphunga ongengoweeseli ezincinci) |
| Umhlaza wesibeleko | I-Lymphoma |
Kwezinye iimeko, i-taxanes inikwa kunye nezinye iziyobisi ze-chemotherapy. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele imeko yakho.
Lunikwa njani olu nyango? Kwaye zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
Indlela unyango olunikwa ngayo
IiTaxanes zinikwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV) . Zinikwa nge-cannula (catheter), efana nesisombululo se-saline. Olu nyango lungathatha iyure okanye iiyure ezininzi. Ungadinga ukufumana olu nyango kube kanye ngeveki, okanye kube kanye kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ishedyuli yonyango ngokusekwe kwimeko yakho.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhele ukubonwa
Nangona amayeza e-chemotherapy ejolise ekuhlukaniseni iiseli zomhlaza ngokukhawuleza, ngamanye amaxesha anokuchaphazela neeseli ezisempilweni nezikhula ngokukhawuleza emizimbeni yethu. Umzekelo, izinto ezifana neeseli zethu ze-follicle yeenwele, iiseli zolusu, kunye neeseli zegazi. Yiyo loo nto iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zisenzeka.
| Imiphumela | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Neutropenia | Ukuncipha kwenani lee-neutrophils, uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezilwa nosulelo emzimbeni, nto leyo enyusa umngcipheko wokufumana usulelo. |
| I-peripheral neuropathy | Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo kwiingalo nasemilenzeni. Oku kunokubangela ukungaziva, iintlungu, okanye ubuthathaka kwiingalo nasemilenzeni . |
| Ukulahleka kweenwele | Esi sisiphumo esiqhelekileyo, kodwa iinwele ziya kukhula kwakhona emva kokuba unyango lugqityiwe. |
| Ukuhlanza kunye nesicaphucaphu | Kuqhelekile ngeentsuku zonyango. Kunikwa amayeza okulawula oku. |
| Intlungu yemisipha kunye namalungu | Kusenokubakho iintlungu emzimbeni kunye nokuqina kwamalungu. |
| Utshintsho kuxinzelelo lwegazi | Uxinzelelo lwegazi lunokunyuka okanye lwehle. |
| Ukuncipha kweeseli zegazi | Ukuncipha kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunokukhokelela kwi-anemia kwaye ukwehla kweeplatelets (thrombocytopenia) kunokukhokelela kumngcipheko wokopha. |
Ezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga azenzeki kuye wonke umntu. Kwakhona, uninzi lwazo zinokulawulwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa ugqirha wakho okanye abasebenzi bomongikazi ngayo nayiphi na ingxaki ozivayo.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi kolu nyango?
I-Taxanes lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu oluye lwandisa ubomi bezigulane ezinomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, njengazo zonke iindlela zonyango, kukho iingozi ezithile.
Ngamanye amaxesha, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla zinokuba yingozi. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni atshintshe ishedyuli yakho yonyango okanye ayimise okwethutyana.
Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, iiseli zomhlaza zinokuqala 'ukuqhelana' neli yeza. Oko kukuthi, ziphuhlisa ukumelana neyeza. Emva koko isiphumo seli yeza sinokwehla. Kodwa ukuba oko kuyenzeka, ugqirha wakho uya kujika kwiindlela ezinje ngokuzama indibaniselwano eyahlukileyo yamayeza okanye ukucebisa indlela eyahlukileyo yonyango.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Taxane ludidi olunamandla kakhulu lwamayeza e-chemotherapy aphuma kwizityalo athintela iiseli zomhlaza ukuba zingahlukani.
- Oku kunyanga ngempumelelo iintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza, kuquka ibele, isibeleko, kunye nemiphunga.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokulahlekelwa ziinwele, ukuba ndindisholo, kunye neentlungu zomzimba zinokubakho, kodwa uninzi lwazo zinokulawulwa.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi ngayo nayiphi na intlungu encinci oyivayo ngexesha lonyango.
- Unyango lomhlaza luhambo. Hlala ukhumbula ukuba awuwedwa kolu hambo kwaye uneqela lezonyango elinobuchule eliza kukunceda.
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