Ngaba nawe unazo ezi 'allergies' zicaphukisayo? Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uyarhawuzelelwa ngaphandle kwesizathu? Okanye uyathimla rhoqo? Ngaba unengxaki yokuphefumla xa usitya ukutya okuthile? Isizathu sezi zinto sisenokuba yi -'Allergy' . Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni le 'Allergy', kutheni isenzeka, indlela yokuyiqonda, kunye nento enokwenziwa ngayo. Ungakhathazeki, wakuba ukwazile oku, ungazilawula izinto ezininzi ngokwakho.

Zithini kanye kanye 'ii-Allergies'?

Ngamafutshane, 'ii-Allergies' yinkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu, ' inkqubo yokuzikhusela ' , esabela ngokugqithisileyo kwizinto ezingasilimaziyo, ngokungathi zilutshaba olukhulu. Khawucinge nje, umsebenzi ophambili 'wenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela' kukusikhusela ngokulwa neentsholongwane ezibangela izifo. Kodwa kumntu one-'allergy', le nkqubo icinga ngempazamo ukuba ezinye izinto "ziyingozi".

Xa ucinga ngolo hlobo, iikhemikhali ezininzi ezifana ne-'histamine' ziyakhutshwa emzimbeni. Ezi 'allergies' zizinto ezingenabungozi esizibiza ngokuba 'zii-allergens' . Umzekelo, ukutya okuthile (okufana neepinati, ubisi), uthuli endlwini, ipollen evela kwiintyatyambo, okanye amanye amayeza anokuba 'zii-allergens'.

Kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni xa kuvela i-allergies?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sijonge ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi emzimbeni xa kukho 'i-allergy'. Xa 'inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela' idibana ne 'allergen' ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, idala uhlobo oluthile lweproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi ' IgE antibodies' ngokuchasene nayo. La 'antibodies' ayahamba aze anike isilumkiso kwiiseli ezithile emzimbeni (ngakumbi ' iiseli zemast'), esithi, "Utshaba lufikile, thatha inyathelo ngoku!"

Emva koko, ezo seli zikhupha ezinye iikhemikhali ezininzi, ezifana ne-'histamine', egazini. Ezi khemikhali zichaphazela amehlo ethu, impumlo, umphimbo , imiphunga, ulusu, okanye amathumbu ('indlela yesisu') kwaye zibangela iimpawu ze-'allergy'. Khawuthelekelele, ngequbuliso amehlo akho aba bomvu kwaye arhawuzelele, okanye uthimla ngokuphindaphindiweyo - izinto ezinjalo.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba loo allergen ingena emzimbeni kwakhona, le mpendulo ye-antibody iya kuqala kwakhona.Oko kuthetha ukuba, ngalo lonke ixesha udibana nento ethile onayo i-allergy, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba uza kuba nohlobo oluthile lwe-allergy.

Zibonakala njani iimpawu ze-allergy?

Iimpawu ze-allergy zingahluka kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha ziyahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, kwaye nomntu omnye unokuba neempawu ezahlukeneyo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo.

• Iimpendulo ezingephi: Ngamanye amaxesha kukho iimpawu ezilula kakhulu nezincinci. Umzekelo:
• Kuvela amadyungudyungu amancinci eluswini (siwabiza ngokuba 'ngamadyungudyungu' okanye amadyungudyungu)
• Ukuphuma kwempumlo, impumlo exineneyo
• Amehlo ayarhawuzelela, abomvu, aze akrazuke.
• Isusa umphimbo
• Iimpendulo eziqatha ngakumbi: Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kwaye kuchaphazele iindawo ezingaphezu kwesinye zomzimba.

Ezinye izinto ezibangela ukuba umntu angabi namdla zinokubangela imeko enzima kakhulu, esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi -anaphylaxis . Le yimeko engxamisekileyo!

I-Anaphylaxis ingaqala ngeempawu ezincinci ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, kodwa inokuba qatha ngokukhawuleza kwimizuzu embalwa.

• Kunzima ukuphefumla, isifuba sam sivakala siqinile.
• Umqala uvuvukile.
• Kunzima ukuthetha.
• Uba nesiyezi, kwaye usenokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
• Amabala abomvu kunye ne-eczema zinokubonakala eluswini.
• Kusenokubakho iintlungu zesisu, ukuhlanza, kunye norhudo.

Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-'anaphylaxis,' inokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko ke ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, musa ukulibazisa.

Kutheni le nto ezi allergies zenzeka kwabanye abantu kuphela?

Amaxesha amaninzi, umkhwa wokuba ne-allergies ubangelwa yimfuza . Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umama wakho, utata wakho, okanye umntakwenu unesifo se-allergy, nawe unethuba elincinci lokuba ne-allergy. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uza kuba ne-allergy. Umntu akazuzi ilifa le-allergy ethile (umzekelo, i-allergy kwi-peanuts), kodwa ngumkhwa oqhelekileyo wokuba ne-allergy kuyo nayiphi na uhlobo lokutya. Kwakhona, unokufumana i-allergy nokuba akukho mntu kusapho lwakho onesifo se-allergy.

Zeziphi izinto ezixhaphakileyo abantu abanengxaki yokunganyamezelani nazo?

Makhe sijonge izinto ezibangela i-allergies rhoqo, oko kukuthi, ziziphi izinto ezibangela i-allergies.

1. Ii-Allergens eziqhutywa ngumoya

Ezi zizinto ezingena emizimbeni yethu xa siphefumla kwaye zibangela i-allergies.

• Iincukuthu zothuli: Ezi zizidalwa ezincinci kakhulu ukuba zingabonwa ngamehlo enyama. Zihlala eluthulini emakhaya, kumatrasi, kwimiqamelo nakwiikhaphethi.
• Impova: Impova evela kwimithi, kwiintyatyambo, nakumabala. Ininzi kakhulu emoyeni, ingakumbi ngamaxesha athile onyaka. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-hay fever.
• Iintlobo zemingundo: Imingundo ekhula kwiindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu, umzekelo, kwigumbi lokuhlambela, ekhitshini, nasezindongeni.
• Izilwanyana zasekhaya: Uboya, amathe, kunye neeseli zolusu ezifileyo ('izilwanyana ezifuywayo') ezivela kwizilwanyana ezifana nezinja neekati.
• Amaphela: Ubulongwe bephela kunye namalungu omzimba.

2. Iingxaki zokunganyamezelani nokutya

Ezinye ukutya zinokubangela i-allergies. Ezi zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abancinci nakubantwana abancinci.

• Ubisi lwenkomo (okanye iiproteni ezifumaneka kubisi lwenkomo)
• Amaqanda
• Intlanzi
• Ukutya kwaselwandle (`intlanzi yeshellfish` - umz. i-shrimp, unonkala, i-squid, ii-mussels)
• Iinati
• Ezinye iinati (`iinkozo zomthi` - umz. iicashews, iialmond, iiwalnuts)
• Isoya
• Ingqolowa
• Isesame

3. Ezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ze-allergies

• Ukunganyamezelani nokulunywa zizinambuzane: Ukulunywa zizinambuzane, njengeenyosi, iinyosi, kunye neehornets, kunokubangela ukuba kubekho ukunganyamezelani ngenxa yetyhefu yazo. Oku kunokuba nzima kakhulu kwabanye abantu, kwaye kunokukhokelela kwimpendulo ye-anaphylactic ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla.
• Amayeza: Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo, njenge-penicillin) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwamayeza abangela i-allergies. Nangona kunjalo, amanye amayeza amaninzi, afana ne-painkillers, i-anticonvulsants, kunye namayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, nawo anokubangela i-allergies.
• Iikhemikhali: Abanye abantu banokufumana amaqhuqhuva xa besebenzisa izinto zokuthambisa ezithile, izicoci zokuhlamba impahla, kunye neesepha. Oku kudla ngokuba yimpendulo kwiikhemikhali ezikwezo mveliso. Abanye abantu banokuba ne-allergy kwiidayi zeenwele, izinto zokucoca indlu, kunye nezibulali zinambuzane. Abanye abantu banokuba ne-allergy kwi-latex (into eyenziwe ngerabha, njengeeglavu).

Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-allergy?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-allergy ezihlala zikhona, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha. Ukuba ugqirha wakho uva ngeempawu zakho aze akrokre ukuba une-allergy, uza kukuthumela kwi -allergist okanye kwi-immunologist .

Ingcali iza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho (umz., ukuba zenzeka nini, ukuba zenzeka kangaphi, ukuba zikho ixesha elingakanani, njl.njl.) kunye nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onee-allergies. Emva koko, baza kwenza uvavanyo oluninzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unayo na i-allergy.

• Uvavanyo lokuhlaba ulusu: Kule meko, kufakwa isixa esincinci se-allergen esikhumbeni sakho kwaye kusetyenziswa inaliti encinci kakhulu ukuhlaba ulusu. Ukuba indawo iba bomvu kwaye idumbe kancinci kwimizuzu eli-15-20, oko kuthetha ukuba usenokuba ne-allergen kuloo allergen.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi:Kule meko, kuthathwa isampuli yegazi lakho kwaye ihlolwe ukuba ingaba ii-'IgE antibodies' ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili zenziwe na ngokuchasene ne-'allergens' ethile.

Ugqirha ugqiba ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ekufuneka zenziwe ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lokwaliwa okurhanelwayo.

Indlela yokunyanga i-allergies?

Ngelishwa, okwangoku akukho nyango lwe-allergies. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, zininzi iindlela zokulawula iimpawu kunye nokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zonyango:

1. Ukuphepha i-Allergen: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo neyokuqala. Wakuba uyazi kakuhle into ebangela i-allergy yakho, yiphephe kangangoko unako.

2. Amayeza: Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza ahlukeneyo okulawula iimpawu zakho.

3. I-Allergen Immunotherapy (Iinaliti ze-Allergy): Olu nyango lusetyenziselwa ezinye iintlobo ze-allergies.

1. Iingcebiso ezimbalwa zokuhlala ukhuselekile kwizinto ezibangela i-allergens

Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi kumntu one-allergy yokutya, ukuphepha i-allergen kunokuba luncedo kakhulu .

• Kwi-aleji yokutya:
• Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo ukutya okubangela ukuba umntu angabi namdla.
• Funda iilebheli zokutya ngononophelo . Ngamanye amaxesha zithi izinto ezifana nokuthi "zisenokuba neentwana zamandongomane." Lumka nazo ezo zinto.
• Xa usitya ngaphandle, xelela umntu olungisa ukutya malunga ne-allergy yakho.
• Ziphephe izinto ezibangela i-allergen emoyeni:
• Lahla iincukuthu zothuli:
• Susa iikhaphethi kunye namakhethini anzima kwigumbi lokulala.
• Beka izigqubuthelo ezikhethekileyo ezithintela ukungezwani komzimba kwimiqamelo nakwiimatrasi.
• Hlamba amashiti okulala kunye neepillowcases ngamanzi ashushu ubuncinane kanye ngeveki.
• Kungcono ukusebenzisa isicoci somoya esine-HEPA (high efficiency particulate air filter) kwigumbi lokulala.
• Ziphephe impova:
• Gcina iifestile zivaliwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngexesha le-pollen ephezulu (ngokudla ngokuqala kusasa).
• Emva kokuphuma, tshintsha impahla yakho uze uhlambe umzimba wakho.
• Musa ukwenza imisebenzi efana nokucheba ingca nokuncothula ukhula.
• Susa isikhunta:
• Gcina iindawo zekhaya lakho zinomswakama ophezulu (igumbi lokuhlambela, ikhitshi, isiseko) zinomoya owaneleyo kwaye zomile.
• Coca iindawo ezibolileyo ngento efana ne-bleach.
• Ziphephe izinto ezibangela i-allergies ezivela kwizilwanyana zasekhaya:
• Gcina izilwanyana zasekhaya zingangeni kwigumbi lokulala.
• Hlamba isilwanyana ubuncinane kube kanye ngeveki (ukuba kunokwenzeka, fumana umntu ongenazo ii-allergies).

2. Amayeza okunyanga ii-aleji

Amayeza anjengeepilisi, izitshizi zeempumlo, kunye namathontsi amehlo adla ngokusetyenziswa xa kukho i-allergies.

• Ii-Antihistamines: Ezi zinciphisa ukusebenza kwe-histamine kwaye zilawula iimpawu ezifana nokuthimla, impumlo egobhozayo, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa.
• `Imithi yokunciphisa ukuxinana`: Amayeza anikwayo okuxinana kweempumlo.
• IiCorticosteroids: Ezi ziza ngohlobo lwezitshizi, iikhrimu, okanye iipilisi. Zinciphisa ukudumba okubangelwa zi-allergies.

Nangona la mayeza enokunceda ukulawula iimpawu ze-allergy, awayonyango . Awanakuyiphelisa nemikhuba yokuba ne-allergies. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda ufumane amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe.

I-Epinephrine xa kukho iimpembelelo eziqatha ze-allergy (i-anaphylaxis)

Abanye abantu, ingakumbi abo bane-aleji yokutya okanye i-aleji yokulunywa zizinambuzane, banokuba nesifo esibi esibizwa ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis. Kubantu abanjalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uphathe i -epinephrine auto-injector (efana ne-EpiPen). Eli liyeza elilula ukulisebenzisa, elisindisa ubomi. Lingafakwa ethangeni lakho xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukubonisa indlela yokulisebenzisa. Licebo elihle ukuphatha ii-auto-injectors ezimbini ngamaxesha onke.

3. Unyango lwe-Allergen Immunotherapy (Iinaliti ze-Allergy okanye iipilisi)

Imithi yokugonyela i-allergy ibandakanya ukunika umzimba wakho inani elincinci kakhulu le-allergen onayo, uyinyuse kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha, njengenaliti. Oku kuyawucima kancinci kancinci umzimba wakho kwi-allergen. Kufana nesitofu sokugonya.

Olu nyango lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto ezibangela i-allergies emoyeni ezifana ne-pollen, i-dust mites, i-mold, kunye ne-dander yezilwanyana zasekhaya, kunye ne-allergies zokulunywa zizinambuzane. I-allergy shots ayisetyenziswa rhoqo kwi-allergies yokutya okwangoku.

Ukongeza kwimijovo ye-allergy, unyango lwe-immunotherapy lunokunikwa nakwizinto ezithile ezibangela i-allergy (umz., i-grass pollen, uthuli) ngendlela ye-sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). Olu nyango lungathatha iminyaka eliqela. Nangona kunjalo, lunokunciphisa kakhulu iimpawu ze-allergy kwaye lunciphise isidingo samayeza.

Yintoni eza kundinceda ndiphile ne-allergies? (Okokugqibela)

Kulungile, ngoku uyazi ukuba une-allergy. Ngoko ke ujongana njani nayo? Into yokuqala neyona ibalulekileyo kukuzikhwebula kwizinto ezikubangela i-allergy!

"Ukuphepha i-allergies yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kunye nonyango lokuqala!"

• Une -allergy yokutya.Ukuba unayo, kuphephe ukutya okubangela iimpawu zakho. Funda iilebheli zokutya ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba azinazo izithako ezibangela ukuba ube ne-allergy. Soloko uphethe ii-epinephrine auto-injectors ezimbini, ingakumbi ukuba usengozini ye-anaphylaxis.
• Ukuba une -allergy kwindawo ohlala kuyo , gcina ikhaya lakho lingenaluthuli kwaye lingenazo izilwanyana zasekhaya. Jonga uqikelelo lwemozulu kwiintsuku apho i-pollen iphezulu khona. Ukusebenzisa izicoci zokuhlamba iimpahla ezingenaziqholo nezingenadayi, izinto zokuthambisa kunye neemveliso zobuhle nako kunokunceda (ngamanye amaxesha iileyibhile zithi "hypoallergenic," oko kuthetha ukuba azinakubangela i-allergies).
• Ukuba usela amayeza , landela imiyalelo ekwileyibhile kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelele. Xelela ugqirha wakho oqhelekileyo ngayo nantoni na enikwa yingcali yakho ye-allergy (nokuba yimijovo okanye amayeza kagqirha).
• Ukuba une -allergy enzima , cinga ngokunxiba i-ID yongxamiseko lwezonyango (umz., isongo okanye ikhadi le-MedicAlert) elichaza i-allergy yakho kunye nomntu omele umtsalele umnxeba xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.

Ukuba ufunyenwe une-allergies, khumbula ukuba awuwedwa. Baninzi abanye abafana nawe. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba oogqirha kunye noososayensi bayaqhubeka nophando ukuze baqonde ngcono i-allergies, baphuhlise unyango, kwaye mhlawumbi ngenye imini bathintele i-allergies. Ngoko ke, hlala uqinile, landela icebiso likagqirha wakho, kwaye unokulawula i-allergies zakho kwaye wonwabe!

I-Allergy, i-histamine, i-allergen, i-anaphylaxis, unyango, izifo zesikhumba, i-allergies yokutya