Ingaba umntwana wakho ujika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngequbuliso? Isenokuba yiTetralogy of Fallot.

Ngaba wakha woyika xa umntwana wakho ejika ngequbuliso eba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Okanye ngaba unengxaki yokuphefumla ngelixa encancisa, ekhala, okanye ejika? Kuqhelekile ukuba nawuphi na umama okanye utata oyike xa ebona izinto ezinje. Namhlanje sithetha ngeTetralogy of Fallot , isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso esinokubangela iimpawu ezinje. Nangona igama lisenokuvakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, masilichaze ngokulula.

Yintoni kanye kanye iTetralogy of Fallot?

Ngamafutshane, iTetralogy of Fallot yindibaniselwano yeziphene ezine zentliziyo ezibakho ekuzalweni. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yimeko yentliziyo yokuzalwa. Yingxaki eyenzeka ngexesha lokukhula kwentliziyo ngelixa umntwana ekhula esibelekweni. Oku kubangela ukuba igazi elinomoya-mpilo omninzi (igazi elibomvu) lixubane negazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo (igazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka). Eli gazi lixutyiweyo emva koko liphonswa yintliziyo liye emzimbeni. Ngenxa yoko, amalungu omzimba awafumani umoya-mpilo owaneleyo. Kwizonyango, esi simo sibizwa ngokuba yi-hypoxemia . Ukuze sikuqonde kakuhle oku, makhe sijonge indlela esebenza ngayo intliziyo esempilweni.

Indlela intliziyo ephilileyo esebenza ngayo

Khawuthelekelele ukuba intliziyo yethu ifana nendlu enamagumbi amane. Kukho amagumbi amabini kumgangatho ophezulu (i-atria) kunye namagumbi amabini amakhulu kumgangatho osezantsi (ii-ventricles). Kukho ii-valve phakathi kwala magumbi, njengeengcango. Amacala asekunene nasekhohlo entliziyo ahlulwe ludonga (i-septum). 1. Icala lasekunene: Igazi lomzimba eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, elingena-oksijini, lingena kwi-atrium yasekunene nge-vena cava ephezulu kunye ne-vena cava engaphantsi. 2. Ukusuka apho, igazi lidlula kwi-valve (i-tricuspid valve) liye kwi-ventricle yasekunene. 3. Ukusuka kwi-ventricle yasekunene, eli gazi liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka liphonswa kwenye i-valve (i-pulmonic valve) liye kwi-vein ephambili (i-pulmonary artery) eya emiphungeni. 4. Ngaphakathi emiphungeni: Eli gazi lisandul' ukuphefumlelwa nge-oksijini, libe ligazi elibomvu elicocekileyo. 5. Icala lasekhohlo: Eli gazi libomvu lizele yi-oksijini libuyela kwi-atrium yasekhohlo yentliziyo. 6. Ukusuka apho, lidlula kwi-valve (i-mitral valve) liye kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo. 7. Okokugqibela, eli gazi libomvu liphuma kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo liphonswa kumthambo omkhulu womzimba (i-aorta) liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Le yindlela amalungu ethu afumana ngayo ioksijini ayifunayo ukuze aphile.

Iziphene ezine ezenzeka kwiTetralogy of Fallot ("Tetralogy")

Entliziyweni yomntwana oneTetralogy of Fallot, kukho iziphene ezine eziphambili ezitshintsha inkqubo eqhelekileyo esixoxe ngayo.

Yintoni ebangela le meko?

Isizathu esichanekileyo soku asikaziwa okwangoku. Sisiphene esenzeka xa amalungu entliziyo eqala ukukhula komntwana esibelekweni. Asikuko ukuba unetyala, kwaye asikuko nokuba wenze into ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngoko ke musa ukuziva unetyala ngaloo nto.

Ngaba nomntwana wakho unazo ezi mpawu?

Uninzi lwabantwana abaneTetralogy of Fallot babonisa iimpawu kunyaka wokuqala wobomi.

• Ubuluhlaza (iCyanosis):Olu luphawu oluphambili. Imilebe yomntwana, ulwimi, ulusu, kunye neenzipho zitshintsha umbala zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye omfusa.
• "Ii-Tet Spells / Hypercyanosis": Le yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Xa umntwana ekhala, esela ubisi, ezama ukuya kwindlu yangasese, okanye evuka kusasa, ngequbuliso unokuba nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, abe nobunzima bokuphefumla, aze angazinzi. Ngamanye amaxesha asenokulahlekelwa zingqondo. Le meko ingathatha imizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezininzi.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla : Umntwana uyadinwa ngokukhawuleza aze alale emva kokubaleka edlala.
• Ukuquleka: Xa umntwana omncinci ediniwe kukudlala, ngequbuliso uza kuhlala phantsi amadolo akhe etsalwe esifubeni sakhe (ukuquleka). Oku ngokungazi kwandisa inani legazi eliya emiphungeni yakhe, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumla .
• Ukungaphumeleli kokukhula: Ukwanda kobunzima bomntwana, ukukhula, kunye nophuhliso lwakhe lunokuba luncinci kunabanye abantwana.

Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso kagqirha?

Ungaphoswa yikliniki yenyanga yomntwana wakho. Ugqirha unokuzibona ezi meko xa ehlola umntwana wakho. Ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

• Ukuba ulusu lomntwana kunye nemilebe yakhe zijika zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla .
• Ukuba udiniwe ngelixa uncancisa okanye ulila.
• Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba ukukhula kwakho kuyehla.

Kwimeko yezi meko zilandelayo, mthathe umntu ngoko nangoko umse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane:

• Isipelingi seTet
• Kunzima kakhulu ukuphefumla.
• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukuquleka
• Ukudinwa okanye ubuthathaka obugqithisileyo

Sifunyaniswa njani esi sifo? (Uvavanyo kunye nokuxilongwa)

Ugqirha wakho uza kumxilonga umntwana, amamele ukubetha kwentliziyo, kwaye ukuba kukho amathandabuzo, uza kukuthumela kwiimvavanyo ezininzi.

• I-X-reyi yesifuba: Le ijonga imilo yentliziyo. Kwi-Tetralogy of Fallot, intliziyo inokubonakala "imile okwesihlangu" kuba i-ventricle yasekunene ikhulisiwe.
• I-Electrocardiogram ( ECG ): Uvavanyo olungenabuhlungu olulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.
• I-Echocardiogram (I-Echo):Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo noluchanekileyo. Lufana nokuskena. Lubona ngokucacileyo yonke into esentliziyweni, njengeegumbi, iivalvu, imingxunya ( VSD ), kunye nokuncitshiswa (PS).
• Ukufakwa kweCatheterization yentliziyo: Kwezinye iimeko, olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngaphambi kotyando ukuze kulinganiswe uxinzelelo lwentliziyo kunye namanqanaba eoksijini, kwaye kujongwe ngokusondeleyo ulwakhiwo lwemithambo. Kolu vavanyo, ityhubhu encinci idluliselwa ngemithambo esesinqeni iye entliziyweni.

Zithini iindlela zonyango?

Unyango oluhlala luhleli lweTetralogy of Fallot lutyando kuphela.

Wenza ntoni ukuba ufumana "iTet Spell"?

Ukuba umntwana wakho ngequbuliso ujika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uzolile . 1. Beka umntwana emqolo, amadolo akhe edonswe esifubeni (ukusuka emadolweni ukuya esifubeni) . 2. Yisa umntwana esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Esibhedlele, umntwana uza kunikwa ioksijini kunye namayeza anjengepropranolol ukulawula "i-tet spells".

Utyando

Ixesha lotyando lixhomekeke kubukhali beempawu zosana. Utyando ludla ngokwenziwa kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala yobomi.

• Utyando Lokuthomalalisa Intlungu (iBlalock-Taussig shunt): Abanye abantwana bancinci kakhulu okanye babuthathaka kwaye basenokungakwazi ukumelana notyando olupheleleyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kwenziwa unxibelelwano olufana nombhobho omncinci phakathi komthambo osemzimbeni kunye nomthambo osemiphungeni ukuze kwandiswe inani legazi eliya emiphungeni. Oku kunokunceda umntwana ukuba abe mkhulu kwaye abe namandla.
• Utyando Lokulungisa Olupheleleyo: Kule meko, umngxuma entliziyweni (VSD) uvalwa ngepatch, kwaye indlela encinci eya emiphungeni (PS) iyavuleka. Emva kolu tyando, ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni kubuyela esiqhelweni.

Ngokuphucuka kobuchwepheshe bezonyango namhlanje, olu tyando luphumelele kakhulu.

Emva kotyando...

Emva kotyando oluphumeleleyo, uninzi lwabantwana lunokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kweempawu okanye imida. Banokuya esikolweni, badlale, basebenze kwixesha elizayo, baze batshate. Nangona kunjalo, nasemva kotyando, kubalulekile ukuba nolandelelwano rhoqo nogqirha ubomi babo bonke. Ngamanye amaxesha, utshintsho kwisingqisho sentliziyo (arrhythmias) lunokwenzeka, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba novavanyo rhoqo. i-tetralogy ye-fallot, isifo sentliziyo, utyando lwabantwana, usana oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-cyanosis, i-tet spells, iziphene zokuzalwa, isiphene sentliziyo yokuzalwa, umngxuma entliziyweni, i-VSD