Ngaba wakha waxelelwa ngugqirha ngotyando lwebele? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye unexhala xa usiva loo nto. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngotyando olunjalo, "i-thymectomy." Masiqonde ukuba yintoni, kutheni yenziwa, yenziwa njani, kwaye kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando.
Okokuqala, yintoni iThymectomy?
Ngamafutshane, i-thymectomy kukususwa kwe-thymus gland yakho ngotyando. I-thymus gland ikwisifuba esingaphezulu, phambi kwentliziyo.
Le yindlala ekhethekileyo kakhulu. Inceda kakhulu ekuphuhliseni amajoni ethu omzimba xa sisebancinci. Kodwa njengoko sikhula, le ndlala iyancipha. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yeengxaki ezithile ngale ndlala, oogqirha kufuneka bayisuse. Olu asilotyando luqhelekileyo.
Ziziphi iimeko zonyango ezikhokelela kolu tyando?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokususa i-thymus gland. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Imeko yesifo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Myasthenia Gravis | Esi sisifo esichaphazela imithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha. Uphawu oluphambili kubuthathaka bemisipha emzimbeni. Ezi mpawu zinokulawulwa ngokususa i-thymus gland. |
| I-Thymoma | Eli lithumba elikhula kwi-thymus gland. Linokuba ngumhlaza (thymic carcinoma) okanye lingabi ngumhlaza (elingenobungozi). Olu tyando lwenzelwe ukususa ezo thumba. |
| Ezinye iintlobo zamandongomane | Ezinye iintlobo ezingaqhelekanga zeethumba, ezifana neethumba ze-neuroendocrine, nazo zinokukhula kwi-thymus gland. Olu tyando lusisombululo nakubo. |
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni wenze i-thymectomy, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxilonga ngononophelo aze axoxe ngembali yakho yezonyango. Ukongeza, unokucelwa ukuba wenze ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi.
- Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwephaphu: Jonga ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani.
- I-EKG (i-Electrocardiogram): Funda ngendlela intliziyo esebenza ngayo.
- Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwentliziyo: Jonga indlela intliziyo yakho esabela ngayo xa uzilolonga.
- I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan) okanye i-MRI (i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Ukuze ubone ngokucacileyo i-thymus gland kunye namalungu angqongileyo.
- I-PET scan (i-Positron Emission Tomography scan): Ukujonga iiseli zomhlaza.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba usebenzisa amayeza (ingakumbi iMyasthenia Gravis), qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba ufuna ukuwayeka ngaphambi kotyando. Musa ukuyeka amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso yakhe.
Uya kucetyiswa ukuba uyeke ukutya nokusela ukususela ezinzulwini zobusuku ngaphambi kotyando.
Makhe sibone ukuba utyando lwenziwa njani.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza i-thymectomy. Enye kukusebenzisa inkqubo evulekileyo, enye kukusebenzisa uthotho lwezigcawu ezincinci kunye nekhamera. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
| Indlela yotyando | Kwenzeka njani oku |
|---|---|
| Utyando Oluvulekileyo (Indlela Ehamba Ngasentla) | Kule meko, isifuba sivulwa ngokusika ithambo eliphakathi (sternum) ngobude, ngendlela efana notyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo. Emva koko i-thymus gland kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo ziyasuswa. Ekugqibeleni, kufakwa ityhubhu enye okanye ezimbini zesifuba ukuze kukhutshwe ulwelo oluvela emngxunyeni wesifuba, ithambo liqiniswe ngeengcingo, kwaye ulusu luthungwe luvalwe. |
| Utyando Olungena Ngobuninzi (Olungena Ngobuninzi - Irobhothi okanye iVATS) | Le nkqubo ayibandakanyi ukwenza umsikelo omkhulu esifubeni. Endaweni yoko, kwenziwa imisikelo emincinci emithathu ecaleni kwesifuba, enye ngekhamera kwaye enye ngezixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Kusetyenziswa ezi zixhobo (ngamanye amaxesha ngoncedo lwengalo yerobhothi), i-gland iyasuswa, ibekwe kwingxowa encinci, kwaye ikhutshwe ngenye yezi zisikiweyo. Le nkqubo ayibuhlungu kangako kwaye inexesha elincinci lokuphola. |
Ngokwesiqhelo, olu tyando lunokuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini ukuya kwezine.
Iingenelo kunye neengozi zotyando
Iingenelo zolu tyando
Olu tyando lunokunceda kakhulu umntu oneMyasthenia Gravis.
- Inani labantu abalaliswa esibhedlele ngenxa yesi sifo liyancipha.
- Kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa amayeza owasebenzisayo esi sifo (umz. iPrednisone).
- Ubuthathaka bomzimba buyancipha.
- Abanye abantu bafumana ukukhululeka ngokupheleleyo kwiimpawu kwaye bayakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwamayeza.
Ukuba utyando lwenziwa kancinci kakhulu, akukho sithuba sokuhlala esibhedlele, akukho kulahleka kwegazi, akukho ntlungu ingako, kwaye ungabuyela kubomi bakho besiqhelo kwangethuba.
Malunga nama-70% abantu abasuswayo i-thymectomy ngenxa ye-myasthenia gravis bafumana ukwehla kweempawu kunye nesidingo samayeza. Phakathi kwama-30% nama-40% bafumana ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo kweempawu.
Iingozi ezinokwenzeka (Iingxaki)
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekileyo, kodwa ezi azenzeki kuye wonke umntu.
- Ukonakala kwentliziyo, umthambo, okanye umthambo wegazi okufutshane.
- Ukopha.
- I-Pneumothorax.
- Izifo ezifana ne-pneumonia.
- Ingxaki ye-Myasthenic yimeko engxamisekileyo engaqhelekanga ebangelwa luxinzelelo lotyando.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa kwaye yintoni ekufuneka uyilumkele?
Ixesha lokuchacha lixhomekeke ekubeni wenze utyando oluvulekileyo okanye olungenalo utyando. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ubuncinane usuku olunye. Uza kunikwa amayeza okulawula iintlungu emva kotyando, oluhlala luphelile ngokupheleleyo kwiiveki ezimbini.
Ixesha elithathayo ukuze ubuyele emsebenzini lixhomekeke kuhlobo lomsebenzi wakho. Ukuba unomsebenzi wedesika, ungabuyela emsebenzini ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unomsebenzi ofuna ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima okanye ukuma ixesha elide, kunokufuneka uthathe ixesha elide ukuze uphile.
Ukuba unale mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
Xa ubuyela ekhaya emva kotyando, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
- Intlungu kwelinye icala lesifuba.
- Ukwanda kwesantya sokuphefumla.
- Ukunyuka kwesantya sentliziyo.
- Ifiva.
- Ukukhwehlela.
- Ukopha okanye ulwelo oluphuma kwi-incision yotyando.
- Iimpawu zeMyasthenia Gravis ziyaphinda zivele.
Okokugqibela, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika xa utyando. Kodwa khumbula, oogqirha botyando bakwenza oku ngalo lonke ixesha. Basoloko bezama ukukunika iziphumo ezilungileyo kangangoko. Ngoko ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Thymectomy kukususwa kwe-thymus gland ngotyando. Yenziwa ikakhulu njengonyango lweemeko ezifana neMyasthenia Gravis kunye neThymoma.
- Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza utyando (oluvulekileyo nolungena kakhulu). Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
- Iingenelo zolu tyando kwizigulane zaseMyasthenia Gravis ziphezulu kakhulu, kodwa kungathatha ixesha ukubona iziphumo.
- Ukuchacha emva kotyando kuyalawuleka, kwaye ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Qaphela iimpawu ezilumkisayo ezinokwenzeka emva kotyando kwaye wazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ubona naziphi na.
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