Ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci naye uyayityhala ulwimi? (Ukutyhala ulwimi) - Masithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba wakha wambona umntwana wakho ekhupha ulwimi lwakhe ngaphandle xa ethetha, eginya ukutya, okanye ehleli nje? Ngamanye amaxesha, ulwimi lwakhe lusenokuphuma phakathi kwamazinyo akhe. Oku sikubiza ngokuba kukutyhala ulwimi , okanye "ukutyhala ulwimi". Nangona kunokubonakala ngathi yinto encinci xa uyijonga kuqala, ukuba oku kuyaqhubeka, kunokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo kumntwana. Ngoko ke, akukho nto inokubangela ixhala ngayo, masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje.

Yintoni le nto ityhalwa lulwimi?

Ngamafutshane, ukutyhala ulwimi ngumkhwa wokutyhala ulwimi phambili ngasemva kwamazinyo. Oku kunokwenzeka xa uthetha, uginya, okanye xa umlomo uvulekile. Kuqhelekile kakhulu kubantwana abancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba akuphathwa kakuhle, lo mkhwa unokuqhubeka udlule ebuntwaneni kwaye mhlawumbi ude ube ngumntu omdala.

Ukuba ubona umntwana wakho ekhupha ulwimi lwakhe ngale ndlela, kubalulekile ukuba ahlolwe ngugqirha. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kutyhala ulwimi kunokubangela iingxaki zokuthetha , amazinyo angahambelani kakuhle , okanye ngokuchanekileyo, ukuvaleka okanye "ukuluma kakubi." Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba kukho unyango olunokunceda umntwana wakho ayeke lo mkhwa wokutyhala ulwimi.

Zithini iimpawu zokutyhala ulwimi?

Ayingomntwana wonke oza kujongana nale meko ngendlela efanayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu eziqhelekileyo onokuzijonga. Hlala ujonge ezi mpawu ukuze ubone ukuba umntwana wakho unalo na eli qhinga:

• Ulwimi luyaphuma xa uthetha okanye uginya ukutya. Lubonakala ngathi luphuma njengenyoka encinci.
• Ukutya kunzima ukukuginya, kwaye kulula ukuwela emlonyeni. Ungabona into etyiwa ngumntwana iphuma emlonyeni njengoko ubukele.
• Uhlala uluma ulwimi okanye isidlele sakho. Ukuba uhlala uthi, "Owu, Mama, ndiluma ulwimi lwam," xhalaba kancinci.
• Amaxesha amaninzi, endaweni yokuphefumla ngempumlo, uphefumla ngomlomo (ukuphefumula ngomlomo). Oku kukwaluphawu.
• Ezinye izandi kunzima ukuzibiza kakuhle xa uthetha. Ingakumbi xa ubiza oonobumba abanjengo "ஸ", "ஶ", "ச", "ஜ", njl., bayadideka baze babe nesandi esahlukileyo. Umzekelo, xa usithi "ஸமன்", kusenokuvakala ngathi "தமன்".

Iingxaki zamazinyo

Xa uqhubeka utyhala amazinyo akho ngolwimi lwakho ixesha elide, iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zinokwenzeka emazinyweni akho. Khawucinge ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ukuba uqhubeka ucinezela into ekhoyo. Kunjalo ke ngale nto.

• Ingxaki exhaphakileyo kukulunywa okuvulekileyo, apho amazinyo aphezulu nasezantsi engadibani kakuhle xa umlomo uvaliwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba amazinyo aphezulu nasezantsi awadibani kakuhle xa umlomo uvaliwe, nto leyo eshiya umsantsa embindini. Oku kunokubangelwa namazinyo aphezulu ahamba phambili kakhulu (overbite) okanye amazinyo asezantsi ahamba phambili kakhulu (underbite).Kusenokuba kulungile.
• Izikhewu phakathi kwamazinyo: Esi sithuba sibonakala kakhulu phakathi kwamazinyo amabini angaphambili aphezulu.
• Intlungu yomhlathi: Ukuba umntwana wakho uhlala ekhalaza ukuba umhlathi wakhe ubuhlungu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba amathambo okanye amazinyo akhe emihlathi awalunganga kakuhle. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, olu xinzelelo lolwimi lunokukhula lube ziingxaki ze-temporomandibular joint (TMJ) .

Iimpawu zokutyhala ulwimi kubantu abadala ziyafana nezabantwana. Nangona kunjalo, njengabantu abadala, iziphumo zokutyhala ulwimi ixesha elide, njengokutsalwa kwamazinyo kunye nentlungu yomhlathi, zinokuba nzima ngakumbi.

Zithini izizathu zokutyhala ulwimi?

Kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku. Makhe sijonge ezona ziphambili.

Iintsana ezisempilweni zizalwa zine -reflex yendalo yokutyhala ulwimi lwazo ngaphandle (extrusion reflex) . Oku kwenzelwa ukuthintela ukukrwitshwa xa zincancisa okanye zisela ebhotileni. Lo mkhwa wemvelo uyaphela kancinci kancinci malunga neenyanga ezi-6 ubudala, xa iintsana ziqala ukutya ukutya okuqinileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantwana, lo mkhwa wendalo unokuba yindlela yokusebenzisa ulwimi lwabo ngale ndlela. Zininzi izizathu zoku:

• Ukusebenzisa ii-pacifiers kunye neekomityi zokusela de kube yiminyaka emi-3. Khawuthelekelele, xa i-pacifier okanye ikomityi yokusela isemlonyeni, umhlathi nolwimi lomntwana ziyahamba ngokuzenzekelayo ziye ezantsi nangaphambili. Emva koko, ulwimi luba ngumkhwa wokutyhalelwa phambili ngentshukumo yokumunca.
• Iimeko ezibangela ukuphefumla komlomo. Izinto ezifana ne-allergies, ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, okanye iitoni ezivuvukileyo okanye i-adenoids zinokwenza kube nzima kumntwana ukuphefumla ngeempumlo zakhe. Emva koko, ukuze afumane umoya owaneleyo, uza kutyhala umhlathi wakhe (nolwimi) ezantsi nangaphambili ngelixa ephefumla ngomlomo wakhe.
• Ezinye iingxaki zomzimba. Abantwana abanemihlathi engentla emincinci okanye amazinyo axineneyo banesithuba esincinci emilonyeni yabo sokubamba nokuhambisa ulwimi lwabo ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba babe nomkhwa wokutyhala ulwimi. Kwakhona, abantwana abane -tongue-tip kufuneka batyhale ulwimi lwabo ukuze baginye ukutya.
• Iimeko zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Ukutyhala ulwimi kunokubangelwa ziimeko ezichaphazela indlela umntwana asebenzisa ngayo izihlunu ezisetyenziswa ukuthetha nokuginya. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-cerebral palsy , i-Down syndrome, kunye ne -autism spectrum disorder (ASD) .

Ukutyhala ulwimi kunye noxinzelelo kubantu abadala

Ukutyhala ulwimi ngamanye amaxesha kunxulunyaniswa noxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalaba kubantu abadala. Ukuxhalaba ngokwako akubanga ukutyhala ulwimi, kodwa xa uxinezelekile, kunokwenzeka ukuba utyhale ulwimi lwakho phambili ungaqondanga, kuquka:

• Ukutshixa amazinyo (i-Bruxism)
• Ukuphefumla ngomlomo
• Ukubamba umhlathi womntu

Indlela yokubona ukutyhala kolwimi?

Oogqirha bayayixilonga le meko ngokujonga ukuba umntwana wakho uyaphuma okanye uyakhupha ulwimi xa ethetha okanye eginya. Basenokucela umntwana wakho ukuba athethe amagama athile. Umzekelo, ukuba umntwana wakho uyaphuma ulwimi, unokubiza igama elithi "six" njengokuthi "thay."

Ugqirha womntwana wakho uza kuhlola amazinyo omntwana wakho ukuze abone ukuba akanalo na ulunywa kakuhle. Uza kubuza nokuba umntwana wakho usebenzisa iikomityi ezicocayo okanye uncanca ubhontsi wakhe. Ukuba umntwana wakho mdala, unokubuza nokuba wayeka nini ukusebenzisa le mikhwa.

Kuphathwa njani ukutyhala ulwimi?

Iindlela zonyango zomntwana wakho ziya kuxhomekeka kwiminyaka yakhe nokuba unazo naziphi na iingxaki zamazinyo. Umzekelo, abanye abantwana baya kuyeka ukutyhala ulwimi ngokwabo xa beneminyaka emi-4 okanye emi-5 ubudala. Ukuba ukutyhala ulwimi akubangeli monakalo mkhulu, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni alulibazise unyango de umntwana wakho abe nethuba lokuziyeka.

Uninzi lwabantwana abanyangwa ngokutyhala ulwimi baphakathi kweminyaka esi-8 neli-12 ubudala. Unyango lubandakanya ukuyeka umkhwa nokulungisa iingxaki ezifana namazinyo agobileyo. Nazi ezinye iindlela zonyango:

• Unyango lokuthetha: Ingcali yezifo zolwimi lokuthetha (SLP) ingafundisa umntwana wakho ukuqinisa nokumisa ulwimi lwakhe ngendlela efanelekileyo. Oku kuya kumnceda ayeke ukutyhala ulwimi lwakhe. Banokufundiswa nemithambo ekhethekileyo esebenzisa ulwimi, izidlele, kunye nemilebe. Olu hlobo loqeqesho lukwabizwa ngokuba yi -myofunctional therapy .
• Isihlalo somlomo solwimi: Ugqirha wamazinyo angasifaka esi sixhobo ngasemva kwamazinyo omntwana wakho. Oku kudala umqobo othintela umntwana ekutyhaleni ulwimi lwakhe phambili nasekubetheni amazinyo akhe. Uninzi lwabantwana kufuneka banxibe esi sixhobo malunga neenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kunyaka ukuze babancede baziqhelise ulwimi lwabo.
• Iibraces kunye nee-Aligners: Ukuba ugqirha wamazinyo womntwana wakho ulunywe kakubi, unokufuna ukufaka iibraces okanye ii-aligners ukuze zilungiswe.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umntwana wam unesiko lokutyhala ulwimi?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, izizathu zokutyhala ulwimi zinokunyangwa ngempumelelo. Nangona zombini iindlela zokwelapha intetho kunye nee-braces zisetyenziswa, ekuhambeni kwexesha, abantwana abaninzi (kunye nabantu abadala abafunyaniswa ukuba banesifo) banokuyeka ukutyhala ulwimi. Olu nyango lunokulungisa iingxaki ezifana nokubola kwamazinyo kunye nobunzima bokuthetha obubangelwa kukutyhala ulwimi ixesha elide. Ngoko ke ungakhathazeki, kulungile?

Ngaba ukutyhala ulwimi kungathintelwa?

Kakade ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthintela zonke izinto ezibangela ukutyhala ulwimi. Nangona kunjalo, ungayithintela imikhwa engemihle ephazamisana nokulungelelaniswa kwamazinyo nemihlathi yakho ngokufanelekileyo. Umzekelo:

• Khumula umntwana wakho kwiipacifiers nakwiikomityi zokusela xa eneminyaka emi-3 ubudala.Nangona ezi zixhobo ziluncedo kwaye zithuthuzela iintsana, zinokuba yingozi emva kweminyaka ethile.
• Mthintele umntwana wakho ekumunceni ubhontsi wakhe.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba umntwana wakho uneminyaka emi-4 nangaphezulu kwaye usakhupha ulwimi lwakhe, yenza idinga nogqirha wabantwana okanye wamazinyo. Kule minyaka, abantwana abaninzi balahlekelwe ngokupheleleyo yindlela yokutyhala ulwimi eyayibakhusela ekukrwitshweni besebancinci. Ukuba lo mkhwa uyaqhubeka emva kwale minyaka, unokuba ngumkhwa onzima ukuwuyeka kwaye unokubangela iingxaki ngamazinyo abo kunye nokuthetha kamva ebomini.

Imibuzo yokubuza ugqirha

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungalibali ukubuza le mibuzo:

• Yintoni ebangela ukuba umntwana wam akhuphe ulwimi lwakhe?
• Ngaba uza kufuna unyango?
• Unyango lufanele luqale nini?
• Ngabaphi oogqirha esifanele sibabone? (umz., ingcali yokuthetha, ingcali yamazinyo)
• Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuqeqesha umntwana ukusebenzisa ulwimi lwakhe ngokufanelekileyo?

Isishwankathelo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kunzima ukucinga ukuba umkhwa wendalo okhusela umntwana omncinci ekukrwitshweni unokuba ngumkhwa oyingozi xa ekhula, akunjalo? Kodwa njengoko sikhula, iimfuno zethu ziyatshintsha, kwaye indlela esebenza ngayo imizimba yethu iyatshintsha.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, uninzi lwabantwana lufunda ukubamba ulwimi lwabo ngokufanelekileyo, ukutya, ukuginya, nokuthetha. Kodwa ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna uncedo oluncinci, akukho nto imbi ngaloo nto. Ukutyhala ulwimi yimeko enokunyangeka. Ngomzamo omncinci, wena, umntwana wakho, kunye neqela elimnyangayo ninokuyeka kakhulu lo mkhwa. Ngoko ke, ungakhathazeki, masenze okufunekayo, kulungile?

Ukutyhala kolwimi , Amazinyo abantwana, Iingxaki zokuthetha, Unyango lwe-Myofunctional, Iingxaki zamazinyo, Impilo yomlomo