Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba imizimba yethu ingalwa nomhlaza ngokwayo? Enyanisweni, imizimba yethu inomkhosi wokuzikhusela omangalisayo obizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokuzikhusela. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yokuba utshaba olubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza lunamandla kakhulu, kuba nzima ukuba imikhosi yethu iphumelele idabi lodwa. Ngamaxesha anjalo, siza kuthetha ngonyango olunika umkhosi wethu uqeqesho olukhethekileyo, lonyuse amandla awo, kwaye luwubuyisele edabini.
Luthini olu nyango lwe-TIL?
Ngamafutshane, unyango lwe-TIL luhlobo olutsha lwe-immunotherapy yomhlaza. Lusebenza ngokunceda inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela ukuba iqaphele kwaye itshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza.
Iqhawe lolu nyango luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweseli olubizwa ngokuba yiTumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes , esilubiza ngokuba ziiTILs ngamafutshane.
Cinga ngayo njengamajoni (iiseli zomzimba) ajikeleza imizimba yethu. Kodwa la majoni, abizwa ngokuba zii-TIL, akhethekile nangakumbi. Angena kwithumba ngokwalo, afunde ubuthathaka balo, aze afunde indlela yokulitshabalalisa ngcono. Ngamanye amazwi, afana nemikhosi ekhethekileyo engena nzulu kwinkampu yotshaba aze ayihlole.
Kodwa ingxaki kukuba, imizimba yethu ayinakuvelisa iiseli ze-TIL ezaneleyo zokulwa nale mihlaza ibulalayo.
Kulapho unyango lwe-TIL lungena khona. Lubandakanya ukwandisa ngokungekho mthethweni inani leeseli zakho ze-TIL ngeebhiliyoni. Ugqirha ususa iqhekeza elincinci lethumba lakho. Emva koko ulithumela kwilebhu, ahlukanise amajoni e-TIL, aze awakhulise ade abe ziibhiliyoni. Ekugqibeleni, lo mkhosi ubalaseleyo, owenziwe ngeeseli zakho, ubuyiselwa emzimbeni wakho.
Zeziphi iintlobo zomhlaza ezinyangwa lolu nyango?
Ngowama-2024, i-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ivumile unyango lwe-TIL olubizwa ngokuba yi-lifileucel (Amtagvi®) . Lulodwa ngokukodwa lwe -melanoma, uhlobo lomhlaza wolusu. Oko kukuthi, i-melanoma engenakuphiliswa ngotyando lodwa, okanye esasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba (umhlaza osasazekayo). Olu nyango lunokufaneleka kumntu ongaphenduliyo kunyango oluhlala lunikwa ngoogqirha be-oncologists.
Ukongeza, oogqirha baphanda ngokusebenza kakuhle kolu nyango lwe-TIL kwezinye iintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza, kuquka:
- Umhlaza webele
- Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko
- Umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu
- Umhlaza wentloko nentamo
- Umhlaza wemiphunga ongengoweseli encinci
Isebenza njani inkqubo yonyango?
Oku akuyonto eyenziwa ngaxeshanye. Nangona eyona nto iphambili kukufaka ii-TIL cells, kukho amanyathelo aliqela ekufuneka enziwe ngaphambi koko. Makhe sijonge yonke le nkqubo inyathelo ngenyathelo.
| Amanyathelo | Inkcazo yoko kwenzekayo |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukususa inxalenye yethumba lomhlaza | Ugqirha uza kususa iqhekeza elincinci lethumba lakho, elilingana negrapefruit ngobukhulu, aze alithumele kwilabhoratri. Uza kufakwa i-anesthesia, ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu ngeli xesha. |
| 2. Ukuzahlula kunye nokukhula kweeseli ze-TIL | Kwilabhoratri, iiseli zeTIL zahlulwe kwithumba kwaye zikhule zibe ziibhiliyoni. Le nkqubo idla ngokuthatha malunga neeveki ezintlanu. Emva koko, ezi seli zithunyelwa esibhedlele apho uza kunyangwa khona. |
| 3. Ukunika unyango lwe-chemotherapy | Uza kungeniswa esibhedlele kwaye unikwe unyango lwe-chemotherapy iintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe. Oku kukulungiselela umzimba wakho ukufika kweeseli ezintsha ze-TIL. |
| 4. Ukubuyiselwa kweeseli ze-TIL | Ngoku kuza inxalenye ebalulekileyo. Iiseli ze-TIL ezikhulileyo zifakwa emzimbeni wakho ngaxeshanye, njengesisombululo se-saline. Oku kuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini. |
| 5. Ukunika i-Interleukin-2 | Ekugqibeleni, kangangeentsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu, uza kunikwa iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-interleukin-2 (IL-2). Olu lolunye uhlobo lwe-immunotherapy. Lusebenza "ngokuvuselela" ezo seli ze-TIL ezisandula ukufakwa kwaye luzikhuthaze ukuba zilwe nomhlaza. |
Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa emva konyango. Ngeli xesha, iqela lezonyango liza kujonga ngokusondeleyo indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kunyango. Kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezizayo, kubalulekile ukuhlala ukufutshane nesibhedlele ukuze ufumane unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zale ndlela yonyango?
Zithini iingenelo?
Unyango lwe-TIL lunyango olulungiselelwe wena kakhulu , olunamandla kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba lusebenzisa iiseli zakho, akukho monakalo mkhulu kwiiseli ezisempilweni. Ke ngoko, umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga nawo uphantsi.
Okubaluleke ngakumbi kukuba, iziphumo zolu nyango zihlala ixesha elide . Iiseli ze-TIL ezifakwa kwi-injection zihlala emzimbeni wakho iminyaka emininzi, zilwa neeseli zomhlaza.
Olu nyango lunike ithemba elitsha kwizigulana ezininzi ze-melanoma ezazikade zicinga ukuba akukho nyango. Ngokutsho kophando olwenziwe ngo-2023, kwiminyaka emine emva kokufumana unyango lwe-TIL, abantu abasixhenxe kwabalishumi baphathwa okanye banyangwa isifo sabo.
Iingozi kunye nemiphumo emibi
Njengakweminye imithi, kukho iingozi kuyo yonke inyathelo lenkqubo. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zibangelwa kakhulu yi-chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwe-IL-2. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela ekusetyenzisweni kweeseli ze-TIL zinqabile kakhulu.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo | |
|---|---|
| Urhudo | Ukudinwa |
| Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda | Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmia) |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi | Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza |
| Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba | |
Amaxesha amaninzi kakhulu, ngenxa yonyango lwe-IL-2Ingxaki enkulu, efana ne-capillary leak syndrome, inokwenzeka. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngokucacileyo ngezi ngozi ngaphambi kokuba aqale unyango.
Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ndibuyele esiqhelweni?
Uza kuqala ukuziva ungcono malunga neeveki ezimbini emva kwedosi yakho yokugqibela ye-IL-2. Ekubeni le nkqubo yonyango ibandakanya izinto ezininzi, ezinje ngotyando kunye ne-chemotherapy, kuthatha ixesha ukuba umzimba uphile.
Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha?
Emva konyango, ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu zosulelo (umkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba), okanye ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga nezinzima, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba uziva naluphi na utshintsho okanye ukungakhululeki, ungathandabuzi ukuxelela ugqirha wakho. Ungazami ukugqiba ukuba kuyinto eqhelekileyo okanye akunjalo. Kukhuselekile ukuyixela ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba une-melanoma engasabelanga kwezinye iindlela zonyango, i-TIL inokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo kuwe. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa olu nyango, buza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo ngalo. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neenzuzo kunye neengozi. Ugqirha wakho ngoyena mthombo wakho wolwazi ubalaseleyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Unyango lwe-TIL lunyango olutsha nolunamandla olusebenzisa iiseli zakho zomzimba ukulwa nomhlaza.
- Oku kuquka ukukhulisa iibhiliyoni zeeseli ezithathwe kwithumba lomhlaza kwilebhu zize ziphinde zifakwe emzimbeni.
- Okwangoku, ivunyiwe ikakhulu kumhlaza we-melanoma ongakhange uphendule kwezinye iindlela zonyango, kodwa ikwakwisigaba sophando lwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza.
- Le yinkqubo enzima equka amanyathelo aliqela, kuquka utyando, i-chemotherapy, kunye namayeza.
- Nangaliphi na ixesha, xoxa ngokukhululekileyo ngeenzuzo, iingxaki, kunye neengozi zolu nyango nogqirha wakho kwaye wenze izigqibo ezinolwazi.
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