Ngaba umntwana wakho uyasokola ukuhlala kwindawo enye okomzuzwana? Ngaba kunzima kakhulu ukugcina ingqondo yakho igxile xa wenza umsebenzi wesikolo? Ngaba akaphulaphuli oko kuthethwa ngutitshala eklasini aze akhalaze ngokuba ingqondo yakhe ihlala izulazula? Abanye abazali batyhola umntwana ngoku, besithi, "Ulivila kakhulu" okanye "Awufuni kwenza nto." Kodwa emva kwale ndlela yokuziphatha akukho buvila okanye ububi bomntwana, kodwa yimeko yezonyango ebizwa ngokuba yi-ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) . Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-ADHD?
I-ADHD yimeko ehlala ixesha elide. Ibonakaliswa yenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo : ukungakhathali , ukusebenza kakhulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukungazimiseli . Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba le yingxaki yophuhliso kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo, ayibangelwa yindlela yokukhulisa umntwana okanye yintando yomntwana.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-ADHD ayisosifo, kodwa yimeko elawulekayo . Ngenkxaso kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo, aba bantwana banokuqhubeka nobomi babo ngendlela eqhelekileyo nangempumelelo.
I-ADHD iqala ebuntwaneni kwaye idla ngokuqhubeka de kube ngumntu omdala. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba abantwana ababini kwabathathu abane-ADHD bayaqhubeka nokuba neempawu ezithile de babe ngabantu abadala.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-ADHD?
Ayingabo bonke abantwana abane-ADHD abafanayo. Abanye bangabantu abangcolileyo kakhulu, abanye bathule kakhulu, kwaye baphila kwihlabathi labo. Ngokusekelwe kwezi mpawu, i-ADHD yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili. Masibone ukuba ziyintoni na.
| Uhlobo lwe-ADHD | Iimpawu eziphambili |
|---|---|
| 1. Uhlobo oluNgakhathaliyo |
|
| 2. Ngokuyintloko Uhlobo Lokusebenza Ngokugqithisileyo/Ukuphazamiseka |
|
| 3. Uhlobo oluDibeneyo | Abantwana abalolu hlobo banokubonakalisa iimpawu zazo zombini ezi ntlobo kunye. Oko kukuthi, banokungakwazi ukunikela ingqalelo kunye nokusebenza kakhulu. |
I-ADHD ibuchaphazela njani ubomi bomntwana?
Le meko inokubangela iingxaki kumntwana ekhaya, esikolweni, nakubahlobo bakhe. Khawucinge ngomntwana ongakwaziyo ukumamela utitshala eklasini. Utitshala ucinga ukuba ujonge kude ngabom. Xa kufikwa kumsebenzi wesikolo, akanakugxila ekubhaleni igama elinye, ngaphandle kokujonga incwadi. Abazali bacinga ukuba umntwana ukwenza oku ngenxa yokukruquka.
Xa bedlala nabahlobo, abakwazi kulinda ithuba labo baze baqale ukulwa, baze bathethe nantoni na efika engqondweni. Emva kwexesha elithile, abahlobo babo bayahamba kancinci kancinci. Konke oku kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuzithemba komntwana , baze baqale ukuziva bebodwa kwaye belusizi. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela le meko kwangethuba kwaye banike inkxaso efunekayo.
Ingaba kukho umahluko phakathi kwabafana namantombazana?
Ewe, kukho umahluko othile. I-ADHD ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwamakhwenkwe.Isizathu soku kukuba abafana badla ngokubonisa iimpawu zokuzingisa kakhulu nokungakhathali. Baphazanyiswa lula ngootitshala nabazali kuba bayaphazamisa eklasini.
Kodwa amantombazana adla ngokubonwa njengabantu abangakhathaliyo . Basenokungaphazamisi eklasini, kodwa banokujonga ngefestile buthule, belahlekile kwihlabathi labo lamaphupha. Ekubeni kungekho siphazamiso sikhulu ngaphandle, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba imeko yaba bantwana isenokulibaziseka okanye iphoswe.
Yintoni ebangela i-ADHD? Ingaba le yingxaki yam?
Hayi. Asikuko konke konke oku okubangelwa ngabazali . I-ADHD ayiveli kuba uvumela umntwana wakho abukele iTV kakhulu, atye iswekile, okanye angamkhulisi kakuhle.
Ngokwesayensi, unobangela oyintloko we-ADHD likhonkco lemfuza . Ngamafutshane, ukuba ilungu losapho elisondeleyo (umama, utata, umntakwenu okanye umntakwabo) line-ADHD, amathuba okuba abanye babe nale meko aphezulu ngama-25%-35% kunomntu oqhelekileyo. Kukwafunyaniswe ukuba utshintsho ekusebenzeni kweekhemikhali ezithile engqondweni (ii-neurotransmitters) ezilawula ingqalelo kunye nokuziphatha ziyachaphazeleka.
Isizathu sokuba i-ADHD iqatshelwe rhoqo kule mihla kungenxa yokwanda kolwazi phakathi kwabazali, ootitshala, kunye noogqirha ngale meko. Abantu abaninzi ababebizwa ngokuba "ngumntwana ongcolileyo" okanye "umntwana olivila" basenokuba bane-ADHD.
Ndingenza ntoni ukuba ndicinga ukuba umntwana wam une-ADHD?
Ukuba unesikrokro esinjalo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo neyokuqala omawuyenze kukungaxhalabi uze uthethe nogqirha wakho wosapho ngaloo nto. Musa ukugqiba kwelokuba umntwana wakho une-ADHD ngokusekelwe koko ukufundileyo kwi-intanethi okanye oko kuthethwa ngabantu.
Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha wakho uza kuthumela umntwana wakho kwingcali, njengoMcebisi wezifo zabantwana okanye uMcebisi wezifo zengqondo zabantwana nabakwishumi elivisayo .
Ukuxilongwa kwe-ADHD akuyonto inokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza. Ukuze enze oku, ugqirha kufuneka athethe nabazali, nomntwana, afumane iingxelo esikolweni, aze ajonge ngononophelo iindlela zokuziphatha komntwana ngaphambi kokuba afikelele kwisigqibo esichanekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ADHD ayilotyala lomntwana okanye ityala lokukhuliswa kwabazali. Yimeko yezonyango elawulekayo enxulumene nokusebenza kwengqondo.
- Ayingabo bonke abantwana abane-ADHD abanomdla kakhulu. Abanye abantwana basenokuthula baze babonise iimpawu zokungakhathali (ingakumbi amantombazana).
- Le meko inokuchaphazela imfundo yomntwana, ubudlelwane bakhe nabantu, kunye nokuzithemba kwakhe.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo ngomntwana wakho, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
- Ngokuchongwa ngokufanelekileyo, unyango, kunye nothando lwakho, umonde, kunye nenkxaso, umntwana one-ADHD unokuphila ubomi obunempumelelo nobonwabisayo.
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