Ukuba unesifo seswekile, mhlawumbi uyazi ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, sinokuchaphazela amehlo akho. Ukubona okufipheleyo, ukudada, kunye nokungaboni mbala ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zale meko. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngenaliti yamehlo njengonyango lwale meko. Ezi naliti zinokuphucula ukubona kwaye zithintele umonakalo ongakumbi emehlweni akho. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngelinye iyeza elitsha elinjalo, elinokuba luncedo kakhulu kuwe.
Eli yeza leVabysmo lisebenza njani emehlweni?
Ngamafutshane, xa umntu onesifo seswekile enamazinga aphezulu eswekile egazini ixesha elide, imithambo yegazi ebuthathaka engaphakathi kweliso iqala ukonakala. Lo monakalo wenzeka kwi-retina, umaleko weliso osebenza ngemifanekiso. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-diabetesic retinopathy .
Le mithambo yegazi yonakeleyo ivuza ulwelo kunye negazi kancinci kancinci kwi-retina. Njengoko imeko isiya isiba mandundu, iliso lizama ukwenza imithambo yegazi emitsha ukuze ithathe indawo yeyonakeleyo. Kodwa le mithambo mitsha ibuthathaka kakhulu, kwaye ivuza ulwelo olungakumbi.
Ngoko ke yintoni i-macular edema?
Kukho indawo ekhethekileyo kwi-retina ebizwa ngokuba yi-macula . Yile nto isinceda sibone izinto phambi kwamehlo ethu, oko kukuthi, umbono wethu othe ngqo, ngokucacileyo. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, xa ulwelo luvuza kwimithambo yegazi, le macula iqala ukudumba. Siyibiza ngokuba yi- diabetic macular edema .
Kulapho ukubona kuba luzizi, ukubona kabini, kuvela amabala amnyama, nemibala ibonakala ingabonakali. Abanye abantu banokude balahlekelwe kukubona kwabo ngokupheleleyo.
Yintoni ekhethekileyo ngeVabysmo?
Injongo ephambili yokunyanga le meko kukuyeka umonakalo kwi-retina. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza afakwa elisweni ngenxa yoku. Uninzi lwala mayeza lusebenza ngokuthintela iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-VEGF . Ngamafutshane, i-VEGF yinto ephambili enceda ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emitsha engafunekiyo nebuthathaka. Ngoko ke xa i-VEGF ivaliwe, ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emitsha kuyalawulwa.
Isithako esisebenzayo kwiVabysmo yiFaricimab . Eli yeza, njengamanye amayeza, lithintela i-VEGF. Kodwa ukongeza koko, eli yeza lenza enye into. Oko kukuthi, lithintela enye iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-Ang-2 (angiopoietin-2) . Xa le proteni ye-Ang-2 isanda emehlweni, imithambo yegazi ayizinzanga kwaye ivuza ulwelo oluninzi.
Ngoko ke, ngenxa yokuba iVabysmo ithintela zombini i-VEGF kunye ne-Ang-2 ngaxeshanye, iyayimisa ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emitsha kwaye izinzise imithambo yegazi ekhoyo, inciphisa ukuvuza kolwelo. Esi senzo siphindwe kabini yiso esenza iVabysmo ibe yodwa.
Yintoni etyhilwe luphando ngale ziyobisi?
Kuye kwenziwa uvavanyo lweklinikhi olukhulu oluphindwe kabini ukuze kufunyaniswe ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweVabysmo, olubandakanya inani elikhulu labantu abanesifo seswekile kunye nokuwohloka kwe-macular abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo nakwiintlanga kwihlabathi liphela.
Kwezi zilingo, iVabysmo ithelekiswa neyeza elisele likho elibizwa ngokuba yiAflibercept (Eylea) , elithintela i-VEGF kuphela. Abathathi-nxaxheba kuvavanyo babengazi ukuba leliphi iyeza abalifumanayo. Wonke umntu wafumana iinaliti ezininzi, kodwa abanye abantu bafumana iinaliti ezimbalwa kunabanye.
Zithini iziphumo zophando?
Iziphumo ziyakhuthaza ngokwenene.
Ukuphuculwa kwamehlo
Emva konyaka wonyango, umbono wabo bathatha zombini iVabysmo kunye neAflibercept uphucuke kakhulu kunaxa kwaqalwa uphando. Oku kuthetha ukuba omabini la mayeza ayesebenza ngokulinganayo ekuphuculeni umbono .
Inani leenaliti ezifunekayo (le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!)
Kulapho ke kwabonakala khona umahluko omkhulu.
Kwiinyanga zokuqala zophando, wonke umntu wayegonywa kanye ngenyanga, kodwa emva koko ishedyuli yokugonywa yatshintshwa.
- Abo bafumene i-Aflibercept baqhubeka nokufumana isitofu rhoqo emva kweeveki ezi-8 (oko kukuthi, qho emva kweenyanga ezi-2) emva kweenyanga ezi-5 zokuqala.
- Abo bafumene iVabysmo banyangwa ngokwe "shedyuli yokulinganisa umntu ngamnye," oko kuthetha ukuba imeko yamehlo yomntu ngamnye yahlolwa kwaye isitofu sanikwa rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-4, ezi-8, ezili-12, okanye ezili-16, njengoko kufanelekile.
Iziphumo zibonise ukuba ngaphezulu kwama-70% abo bafumana iVabysmo babefuna ukujova kuphela emva kweeveki ezili-12-16 (oko kukuthi, rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-3-4) . Kwakhona, bekungekho mahluko ekuphuculeni umbono phakathi kwabo bafumana iyeza rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-3-4 kunye nabo bafumana iyeza rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-2.
Oku kuthetha ukuba unyango lweVabysmo lunokunciphisa kakhulu inani labantu abatyelela esibhedlele ukuze bafumane inaliti , ngelixa begcina umbono uphucukile. Kulula kangakanani ukungahambi rhoqo esibhedlele, akunjalo?
| Unyango | Ixesha Eliqhelekileyo Lokufaka Inaliti |
|---|---|
| I-Vabysmo (iFaricimab) | Iiveki ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-16 (rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-3-4) |
| I-Aflibercept (Eylea) | Kanye kwiiveki ezisi-8 (kanye kwiinyanga ezi-2) |
Ngaba amayeza aza kuqhubeka esebenza emva konyaka wokuqala?
Ewe. Olu phononongo lwenziwe kwiminyaka emibini. Oko bakufumanisileyo kukuba emva kweminyaka emibini, malunga ne-78% yabantu ababesebenzisa iVabysmo babeyidinga kuphela le mithi rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-3-4 . Kwaye umbono wabo wahlala ulungile njengoko wawunjalo kunyaka wokuqala.
Ekubeni umonakalo wamehlo obangelwa sisifo seswekile uqhubeka ngokuhamba kwexesha, ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba zombini iVabysmo kunye neAflibercept zinokunceda ekuthinteleni umonakalo wexesha elide kwiliso. IVabysmo inokufumana esi siphumo ngonyango oluncinci.
Ungalufumana njani olu nyango?
I-Vabysmo lulwelo. Luhlaselo olufakwa ngaphakathi emzimbeni olufakwa ngqo esweni ngugqirha oqeqeshiweyo . Awunakukwenza oku ekhaya.
Xa uqala unyango, uza kuqala ufumane inaliti ezi-4 rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-4 . Ugqirha wakho uza kuhlola amehlo akho aze agqibe ukuba uza kuqhubeka na neenaliti kwiiveki ezi-4, ezi-8, ezi-12, okanye ezili-16, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yamehlo akho. Uninzi lwabantu luya kufuna inaliti rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-3-4.
Ngexesha lokujova, ugqirha uza kusebenzisa isixhobo esincinci ukubamba iliso lakho livuleke. Emva koko, baza kubeka amathontsi eliso lakho ukuze lingabi nanto kwaye bathintele usulelo. Emva koko, ijoyinti inikwa ngenaliti encinci kakhulu. Awuyi kuva ntlungu ngeli xesha.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nendlela yokuzilawula?
Njengayo nayiphi na iyeza, eli linokuba nemiphumo emibi emincinci.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo: Umbono wakho usenokuba luzizi okwethutyana emva kokufakwa inaliti. Oku kuqhelekile. Kuphephe ukuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini ngeli xesha. Umbono wakho uza kubuyela esiqhelweni ngexesha elifutshane.
- Iimpawu ezinzulu ekufuneka uziqaphele: Amaxesha amaninzi, iimpawu zezinye izifo ezinzulu zinokwenzeka. Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uzazi ezi.
- Amabala amnyama okanye imicu ibonakala ngathi iyadada phambi kwamehlo.
- Ukukhanya okufana nombane .
- Ukuziva ngathi kukho ikhethini etsalwa phambi kwamehlo.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu yamehlo .
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukulibazisa . Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, yiya kwi -ETU yesibhedlele (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) ukuze ufumane unyango. Ezi zisenokuba ziimpawu zesifo esinzulu.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ngamanye amayeza?
Okwangoku akukho nxibelelwano lwaziwayo phakathi kweVabysmo kunye namanye amayeza.
Kodwa, oku kubaluleke kakhulu: Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho malunga neminye imithi oyithathayo, kuquka amayeza kagqirha, iivithamini, iimveliso zezityalo, kunye namayeza esintu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Vabysmo sisitofu esitsha, esisebenza kabini esinyanga i-diabetic macular edema.
- Oku kuthintela iiproteni ezimbini (i-VEGF kunye ne-Ang-2) ezilawula ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emitsha kunye nokuvuza kolwelo.
- Oku kuvumela abantu abaninzi ukuba banciphise ukuphindaphindwa kokugonywa kube rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-3-4 ngelixa begcina umbono uphucukile.
- Olu luhlaselo olunikwa iliso ngugqirha, kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana unyango ngexesha.
- Ukuba ufumana iintlungu eziqatha zamehlo, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, okanye umbono wakho ugqunywe njengengubo emva kokufumana iyeza lokugonya, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Soloko uxoxa nogqirha wakho wamehlo ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele imeko yakho.
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