Ngaba ukhe waya eMelika, ingakumbi kumzantsi-ntshona we-US, okanye kuMbindi okanye eMzantsi Melika? Okanye uceba ukuya kwilizwe elinjalo? Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele into endizakuyithetha. Khawuthelekelele ukuba unomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, kunye neentlungu zomzimba kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Usenokucinga ukuba oku ngumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhe waya kwezo ndawo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba olu gciwane lubangelwa yifungus olubizwa ngokuba yi-'valley fever' okanye iValley Fever . Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngale nto ngokulula.
Yintoni kanye kanye 'iValley Fever'?
Ngamafutshane, iValley Fever lusulelo lwefungus oluchaphazela imiphunga yakho. Lubangelwa luhlobo lwefungus olubizwa ngokuba yiCoccidioides (KOCK-SI-DE-OY-DIES). Olu hlobo lwefungus luhlala emhlabeni. Kodwa alukho eSri Lanka. Lufumaneka kakhulu kwiindawo ezikumzantsi-ntshona we-United States (njengeCalifornia ne-Arizona), kwiindawo ezithile zelizwe laseWashington, nakumhlaba we-Central and South America.
Ngoko ke oku kungena njani emizimbeni yethu? Cinga ngako njengomoya onamandla ovuthuza kwicala lethu, uvuselela uthuli, okanye xa umhlaba uvuthuzwa kukugrumba, ukwakha, okanye imimoya enamandla kwezo ndawo, iispores ezincinci zale fungus emhlabeni zingena emoyeni. Xa siphefumla loo moya, ezo spores zingena emiphungeni yethu zize ziqale ukukhula apho. Yile ndlela olu sulelo lwenzeka ngayo.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, iValley Fever ayisosifo esinokusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Eyona ndlela ikuphela kwayo onokusifumana ngayo kukuphefumla umoya onothuli kwindawo apho kukho khona ifungus.
Qaphela ezi mpawu.
Ixesha elininzi, le fungus ayibonisi zimpawu nokuba ingena emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu ziyavela, zifana kakhulu neempawu zomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Yiyo loo nto abantu abaninzi bewubhidanisa.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu (Ndidinwe kakhulu) | Ukuziva udiniwe kangangokuba awukwazi kwenza nto. |
| Ifiva | Ukuziva ushushu kwaye unomkhuhlane. |
| Ukukhwehlela | Ukuba nokukhwehlela okomileyo okanye okunezikhwehlela. |
| Irhashalala lolusu | Amaqhuqhuva abomvu, amfusa, okanye amdaka, ingakumbi emilenzeni, angabonakala. Ngokwezonyango, la maqhuqhuva abizwa ngokuba yi-erythema nodosum . |
| Intlungu yamalungu kunye nemisipha | Intlungu yomzimba kunye nentlungu yamalungu. |
| Ukubila ebusuku | Ukubila kakhulu ebusuku ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ukuziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo (dyspnea) . |
Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Nabani na ophefumla i-Coccidioides fungus unokufumana esi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okuba neempawu okanye iingxaki ezinzulu.
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala: Njengoko ukhula, inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela isenokungasebenzi kakuhle.
- Oomama abakhulelweyo: Ingakumbi koomama abakwikota yesithathu yokukhulelwa.
- Abantu abanezifo ezifana ne-HIV/AIDS, abo banyangwa umhlaza, okanye abo basebenzisa amayeza acinezela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela njengee-immunosuppressants basengozini enkulu.
- Abantu abanesifo seswekile.
- Abantu beentlanga ezithile: Uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abamnyama nabasePhilippines basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo.
- Abantu abasebenza ngothuli: Abantu abasebenza kwiindawo ezinothuli, njengabembi bezinto zakudala kunye nabasebenzi bokwakha, banamathuba amaninzi okuba sesichengeni.
Ngaba oku kungaba yinto enzulu? Zithini iingxaki?
Uninzi lwabantu (malunga nama-90-95 kwabali-100) abafumana iValley Fever abaguli kakhulu kwaye bayaphola ngokwabo kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, inani elincinci kakhulu labantu linokuba neengxaki.
- Usulelo lwemiphunga oluhlala ixesha elide: Kwabanye abantu, olu sulelo lunokuhlala luhlala emiphungeni. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo, iintlungu zesifuba, kunye nokwehla kobunzima.
- I-Pneumonia: Usulelo olukhulu lwemiphunga lunokwenzeka.
- I-coccidioidomycosis esasazekileyo: Le yeyona ngxaki iyingozi kakhulu. Kwimeko enjalo, i-fungus ingaphuma emiphungeni ize isasazeke ngegazi iye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, njengamathambo , amalungu, ulusu, kunye nengqondo .
Ukuba usulelo lusasazeka luye engqondweni, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'coccidioidal meningitis.' Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini. Iimpawu ziquka intloko ebuhlungu, intamo eqinileyo, kunye notshintsho ekuboneni nasekuveni.
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Ukuba ubukhe waya kwindawo apho iValley Fever ixhaphakileyo khona kwaye ube neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kangangeveki, kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho. Imbali yakho yohambo ibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni esi sifo.
Ugqirha angacebisa iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Le yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu. Ikhangela ii-antibodies ezenziwa ngumzimba wakho ngokuchasene ne-Coccidioides fungus okanye iindawo ze-fungus (ii-antigens) egazini lakho.
- I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan: Ukujonga iimpawu zosulelo emiphungeni.
- I-Biopsy: Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kuthathwe iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili eluswini okanye emiphungeni lize lihlolwe nge-microscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba ikho na i-fungus.
Iphathwa njani?
Unyango lumiselwa bubungakanani besifo.
- Uninzi lwabantu aludingi unyango: Ukuba iimpawu zakho azikho mbi kakhulu, amajoni omzimba wakho angakwazi ukulawula usulelo ngokwawo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba uphumle kwaye ujonge iimpawu zakho.
- Amayeza okulwa nefungus: Ukuba usulelo lunzima, lusasazeka, okanye ukuba unezinye izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okulwa nefungus. Oku kungabandakanya iipilisi ezifana neFluconazole, i-Itraconazole, okanye, kwiimeko ezinzima ngakumbi, amayeza okuthomalalisa imibhobho efana neAmphotericin B.
Olu nyango ludla ngokuthatha iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 okanye nangaphezulu.
Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba ufunyenwe uneValley Fever, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU) ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo. Ezi zisenokuba ziimpawu zokuba usulelo luyasasazeka.
- Igazi ematheni
- Ukuqina kwentamo kunye nentloko ebuhlungu kakhulu
- Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla
- Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo embonweni okanye ekuveni
Ungazikhusela njani?
Ukuba uhlala okanye uhamba uye kwindawo apho i-Coccidioides fungus ixhaphake khona, kunzima ukuyiphepha ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:
- Ziphephe iindawo ezinothuli: Ziphephe ukuphuma, ingakumbi ngexesha leendawo zokwakha kunye nezivuthuvuthu zothuli.
- Hlala ngaphakathi endlwini uvale iifestile xa kukho uthuli.
- Ukuba usebenza egadini okanye ugrumba, nxiba imaski ye-N95.
- Kungangcono ukuba ungasebenzisa isihluzi se-`HEPA` esicoca umoya ekhayeni lakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Valley Fever lusulelo lwefungus oluthwalwa ngumhlaba olufumaneka eMelika nakwamanye amazwe aliqela. Aluqhelekanga eSri Lanka, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba abo bahamba kwamanye amazwe baqaphele.
- Esi sifo asidluliselwa komnye umntu siye komnye.
- Abantu abaninzi abafumana olu sulelo abafumani zimpawu okanye iimpawu ezingephi baze baphile ngokwabo.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nokukhwehlela ezihlala ixesha elingaphezu kweveki emva kokuba ubuyile kwindawo enobungozi, qiniseka ukuba wazise ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu eziyingozi ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, ukuqina kwentamo, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
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