Intliziyo yethu ifana namagumbi amane endlwini. Kukho iingcango phakathi kwala magumbi ezivumela igazi ukuba liphume liye phambili nangasemva. Sizibiza ngokuba "ziiValve zeNtliziyo". Ngamanye amaxesha ezi ngcango azivuleki kakuhle kwaye zibe mxinwa. Emva koko intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima kakhulu ukupompa igazi. Namhlanje sithetha ngendlela yonyango esebenzisa into efana nebhaluni ukwandisa ivalve encitshisiweyo.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-valvuloplasty?
Ngamafutshane, iValvuloplasty yinkqubo eyandisa okanye eyandisa ivalvu yentliziyo enciphileyo. Oku kwenzelwa ukunqanda ukuvaleka kwegazi xa ivalvu yentliziyo ingasebenzi kakuhle.
Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Balloon Valvuloplasty'. Isizathu soku kukuba xa ugqirha wakho esenza olu nyango, usebenzisa ityhubhu encinci kakhulu ('Catheter') enebhaluni encinci eqhotyoshelwe esiphelweni. Le tyhubhu idluliselwa kwivalvu encinci entliziyweni yakho kwaye ibhaluni iyavuthelwa. Emva koko ivalvu encinci iyakhula, ivumela igazi ukuba lihambe ngokulula kwakhona.
Abanye abantu babiza oku ngokuthi 'yiValvotomy'. Olu nyango lwebhaluni lukwabizwa ngokuba 'lutyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo' ukwandisa ivalvu. Kodwa namhlanje sithetha ngendlela yebhaluni engeyoyotyando.
Kukweziphi iimeko apho olu nyango lufunekayo?
I-Valvuloplasty yinkqubo eyenziwa ukwandisa ivalvu yentliziyo xa inciphile (stenosis). Le nkqubo inokwenziwa nakweyiphi na kwiivalvu ezine ezintliziyweni zethu. Nangona kunjalo, idla ngokwenziwa kwiivalvu ezimbini, iMitral kunye neAortic.
Ngamanye amaxesha olu nyango lwenziwa njengesisombululo sexeshana. Oko kukuthi, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwentliziyo okwethutyana de kufakwe ivalvu entsha kamva. I-Valvuloplasty ayilotshintsho lwevalvu yentliziyo , nto leyo ebalulekileyo ukuyikhumbula.
Ulungiselela njani ngaphambi konyango?
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ecacileyo yendlela yokulungiselela oku. Ngokwesiqhelo, kuya kufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo:
- Musa ukutya okanye ukusela nantoni na ngobusuku obungaphambi konyango (ukuzila ukutya).
- Ukuba uthatha nawaphi na amayeza, anjenge-anticoagulants, yeka ukuwasebenzisa njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
- Shiya ubucwebe besinyithi kunye namazinyo okufakelwa asuswayo ekhaya.
Xa usiya esibhedlele, iqela lezonyango liza kukunika iyeza (`i-anesthesia`) ukukunceda uphumle. Uninzi lwexesha, uza kube uvukile ngeli xesha lonyango, kodwa baza kwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukuqinisekisa ukuba awuziva ungonwabanga.
Indlela unyango olusebenza ngayo inyathelo ngenyathelo
Olu nyango lwenziwa yingcali yentliziyo. Ludla ngokuthatha iyure okanye ngaphezulu. Nazi ezinye izinto ezenzekayo ngexesha lonyango:
1. Umbhobho omncinci kakhulu (isingxobo) ufakwa ngemithambo yegazi emikhulu emqolo wakho, engalweni, okanye egxalabeni.
2. Emva koko, i-catheter enebhaluni engavuthwanga ekupheleni idluliselwa kwityhubhu efakwe ngaphambili entliziyweni.
3. Le catheter ikhokelwa kwindawo echanekileyo, kwaye kufakwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo (idayi yokwahluka) ngelixa ijongwa kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokufota njengee-X-ray.
4. Xa i-catheter ifikelela kwivalvu encitshisiweyo, ibhaluni ivuthelwa ngumoya. Ivalvu encitshisiweyo iyakhula.
5. Emva koko, umoya osebhaluni uyaphuma kwaye i-catheter kunye nebhaluni ziyasuswa.
6. Ekugqibeleni, indawo yokufaka i-catheter ivalwa nge-stitch encinci okanye uhlobo oluthile lweglue.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokopha, isheya elalifakwe ekuqaleni lingashiywa endaweni yalo kangangeeyure ezintandathu.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho iingenelo kunye neengozi. Kubalulekile ukuba nokuqonda okucacileyo ngazo zombini ezi ndlela.
| Iinzuzo | Iingozi |
|---|---|
| Ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza kunotyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo. | I-aleji kwidayi esetyenzisiweyo. |
| Ukunciphisa amanxeba amakhulu. | Iimeko ezibangela usulelo. |
| Umngcipheko oncitshisiweyo weengxaki. | Ukopha. |
| Ukuncipha kwentlungu. | Ukonakala komthambo wegazi okanye igumbi lentliziyo. |
| Ukwehla kwesantya sentliziyo. | Ukuvuza kwevalvu. |
| Ukukwazi ukulibazisa okanye ukuphepha utyando lokutshintshwa kwevalvu. | Emva kwexesha elithile, ivalvu iyancipha kwakhona. |
| Iipateni zesingqisho sentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga (iiArrhythmias). | |
| Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi. |
Izinto ezithile ezikubangela umngcipheko zixhomekeke kwimpilo yakho iyonke, ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto uze ubuze nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo.
Ixesha lokuchacha emva konyango
Emva konyango, uza kusiwa kwindawo yokuchacha. Ibhandeji liza kubekwa phezu kwendawo yokufaka i-catheter.
Ixesha endilichithe esibhedlele
Ukuba i-catheter ifakwe ngaphakathi kwesisu, awuyi kuvunyelwa ukuba ugobe umlenze wakho kangangeeyure ezininzi. Kuya kufuneka uhlale ebhedini iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu. Kuya kufuneka usele ulwelo oluninzi ukunceda idayi esetyenzisiweyo iphume emzimbeni wakho ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kufuneka uchame ngeli xesha, kuya kufuneka usebenzise isixhobo esikhethekileyo (umchamo/ipani yokulala). Emva kweeyure ezimbalwa, uya kukwazi ukuvuka uhambe. Uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela ekhaya ngosuku olulandelayo.
Emva kokubuyela ekhaya
Ixesha lokuchacha lixhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nempilo yakho iyonke.
- Ufanele uphephe ukwenza imisebenzi enzima nokudada iintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe.
- Uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela emsebenzini emva kweveki, kodwa ukuba umsebenzi wakho ufuna ukuzilolonga, kunokufuneka ulinde ixesha elide.
- Kungathatha malunga neeveki ezisi-8 ukuqala kwakhona yonke into ebomini bakho besiqhelo.
- Kuza kubakho ukulandelelana emva kweenyanga ezi-3-6 emva konyango. Emva koko, kufuneka ubone ugqirha kanye ngonyaka.
Ufanele ufowunele ugqirha nini ngoko nangoko
Emva kokubuyela ekhaya, ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko . Kwezinye iimeko, kunokufuneka uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Ukugodola okanye umkhuhlane
- Ukudinwa okanye ukuquleka (`Syncope`)
- Ulwelo okanye ukopha kwindawo yokufaka i-catheter
- Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza
- Ukuba intlungu okanye ukudumba kuya kusiba mandundu
- Ukuba ubunzima bomzimba wakho buyanda ngaphezu kwe-1.5 kg (3 lbs) ngosuku
Xa kufikwa kutyando lwentliziyo, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva unexhala kancinci, nokuba ayilotyando oluvulelekileyo. I-Valvuloplasty inokukunceda ukuba uhlehlise utyando lokutshintsha ivalvu yentliziyo. Kodwa ayilonyango oluhambelanayo ngobukhulu. Ugqirha wakho uza kuvavanya imeko yakho aze agqibe ukuba yintoni ekulungeleyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Valvuloplasty yinkqubo elula kakhulu eyandisa ivalvu yentliziyo encitshisiweyo kusetyenziswa ibhaluni.
- Le yindlela yokuchacha engebuhlungu kangako kwaye ikhawuleza ngakumbi kunotyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo.
- Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho iingozi ezithile, ngoko ke xoxa ngazo ngononophelo nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba unyango luqale.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho emva nje konyango. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Esi sisisombululo sexesha elide kwezinye iivalvu, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, sinokuba sisisombululo sexeshana ngaphambi kotyando olukhulu kwixesha elizayo.
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