Yiyo le nto ikuvumela ukuba uve kwaye ugcine ibhalansi yakho: I-Vestibulocochlear Nerve ngamazwi alula!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngendawo emangalisayo nebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba usiva njani isandi, okanye ukuba ugcina njani ibhalansi yakho kwaye uhlale uthe nkqo ungawi? Kukho umntu oncedayo kuyo yonke le nto, lowo uthwala imiyalezo esuka ngaphakathi endlebeni yethu ukuya engqondweni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-vestibulocochlear nerve . Nangona igama lisenokubonakala lide kancinci, umsebenzi eliwenzayo mkhulu kakhulu. Masifunde ngakumbi ngalo ngendlela elula.

Yintoni le vestibulocochlear nerve?

Ngamafutshane, imithambo-luvo yakho ye-vestibulocochlear sisakhiwo esenziwe ngamacandelo amabini. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuthwala ulwazi lweemvakalelo ukusuka endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi ukuya engqondweni yakho. Imithambo-luvo ifana neentambo ezincinci emakhayeni ethu. Ezi ntambo zithwala ulwazi, njengemiyalezo yombane, ukusuka kwizivamvo zomzimba ngamnye ukuya engqondweni. Ingqondo ingasebenzisa olo lwazi ukulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo imisebenzi yomzimba wethu.

I-vestibulocochlear nerve yakho ithwala ulwazi oluvela kumalungu amabini angaphakathi endlebeni yakho. Elinye lilungu elikuncedayo ukuva izandi , kwaye elinye lilungu elikuncedayo ukugcina "ukulinganisela" komzimba wakho.

I-vestibulocochlear nerve yenye yee -nerve ezilishumi elinambini ze-cranial ezisentlokweni yethu. Ezi nerve ze-cranial zisinceda ukuba sinuke, sinambithe, sichukumise, size senze imbonakalo yobuso. I-vestibulocochlear nerve yeyesibhozo kwezi nerve ezilishumi elinambini ze-cranial (cranial nerve VIII okanye i-CN VIII) . Ibandakanyeka kakhulu ekuveni nasekulinganiseni. Ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-auditory vestibular nerve.

Ngoko ke yintoni umsebenzi oyintloko wale nerve?

Igama elithi "vestibulocochlear" ngokwalo linika ingcaciso kwiindawo ezimbini zale nerve kunye nemisebenzi yazo. Kulula kakhulu, khangela nje:

• Imithambo-luvo yeVestibular: Le yinxalenye yegama elithi "vestibulo". Ithwala ulwazi oluvela kumalungu enkqubo yakho yevestibular ukuya engqondweni yakho. La malungu evestibular ngawo afumanisa ulwazi malunga nendawo yentloko yakho kunye neentshukumo zentloko yakho. Ingqondo yakho isebenzisa olu lwazi ukukunceda ugcine ibhalansi yakho. Cinga ngayo, le nkqubo ikunceda ukuba ungawi xa uhamba, ubaleka, okanye ushukumisa intloko yakho.

• I-Cochlear nerve: Le yinxalenye "ye-cochlear" yegama. Ithwala ulwazi lwesandi oluvela kwi -cochlea yakho, inxalenye efana nenkonkoshe yendlebe yakho yangaphakathi, ukuya engqondweni yakho. Ingqondo yakho isebenzisa olu lwazi ukukunceda uqaphele kwaye uve izandi.

Ezi nerve zimbini ziyadibana ukuze zenze i-nerve enye ebizwa ngokuba yi-'CN VIII'. Nangona kunjalo, nasemva kokudibana, nganye yenza umsebenzi wayo owahlukileyo - oko kukuthi, ukuphatha imiyalezo enxulumene nokulinganisela kunye nokuphatha imiyalezo enxulumene nokuva.

Ungachaza kancinci malunga nendlela esebenza ngayo i-vestibular nerve?

Imithambo-luvo yakho ye-vestibular ithwala ulwazi oluvela kumalungu enkqubo ye-vestibular ukuya kwi-brainstem yakho. Amalungu akho e-vestibular ngamalungu amabini e-otolith (akwabizwa ngokuba yi-utricles kunye ne-saccule) kunye nemijelo emithathu ye-semicircular. Zonke ezi zitho zintlanu zizaliswe lulwelo kwaye ziqulathe iiseli zeemvakalelo. Xa ushukumisa intloko yakho, olu lwelo kunye neeseli ziyashukuma.

Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo i-vestibular nerve:

1. Isignali iyaqala: Xa ushukumisa intloko yakho, ulwelo olungaphakathi kwi-vestibular organs luyashukuma. Emva koko iiseli zeemvakalelo ezingaphakathi kwazo ziyashukuma. Le ntshukumo idala isignali malunga nendawo kunye nentshukumo yomzimba wakho.

2. Iiseli zemithambo-luvo (ii-neurons) zithwala isignali: Ezi seli zemithambo-luvo zithwala isignali ecaleni kwemithambo-luvo ye-vestibular. Lo myalezo uhamba uye kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-vestibular nuclei complex kwi-brain stem. Le complex inee-nuclei ezine. Ngayinye kwezi nuclei engqondweni ithumela imiqondiso kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, ukuze ukwazi ukugcina ibhalansi.

3. Ingqondo isebenza ngokulinganisela ulwazi: Ezinye iinuclei zithumela imiqondiso yeemvakalelo malunga nendawo yomzimba kwiindawo zengqondo ezifana ne-cerebral cortex kunye ne-cerebellum. Ezinye iinuclei zithumela imiqondiso yeemvakalelo entanyeni nasemilenzeni yakho, zikunceda ukuba ulungise ukuma kwakho. Ezinye iinuclei zithumela imiqondiso yeemvakalelo kwimisipha esemehlweni akho, enceda amehlo akho ahlale egxile kwindawo enye nokuba umzimba wakho uhamba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) . Khawuthelekelele, xa ukhwele ibhasi, kungenxa yale VOR ukuba unokujonga uphawu ngaphandle.

Ngoku makhe sibone indlela esebenza ngayo i-cochlear nerve (i-hearing nerve).

I-cochlear nerve yakho (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-auditory nerve) ithwala ulwazi oluvela kwi -cochlea yakho ukuya kwi-brainstem yakho. Njengamalungu enkqubo ye-vestibular, i-cochlea yakho izaliswe lulwelo kwaye ineeseli zeenwele ezivayo. Xa kufika amaza esandi, olu lwelo kunye neeseli ziyangcangcazela.

Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo i-cochlear nerve:

1. Isignali iqala: Xa amaza esandi efikelela kwi-cochlea yakho, i-basilar membrane engaphakathi kuyoI-membrane ebizwa ngokuba yi-eardrum iyangcangcazela. Olu ngcangcazelo lubangela ukuba iiseli zeenwele ezibuthathaka kwi-membrane zihambe. Njengoko iiseli zihamba, kuvela isignali malunga nohlobo lwesandi. Oku kuquka izinto ezifana nokuphindaphindeka kwamaza esandi (oko kukuthi, ukuba isandi siphezulu okanye siphantsi kangakanani - `iphimbo`) kunye nesandi esikhulu.

2. Isignali ithwalwa ziiseli zemithambo-luvo: `Ii-Neurons` (iiseli zemithambo-luvo) zithwala esi signali ngemithambo-luvo yokuva, ide ifike kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-`cochlear nuclei` kwisiqu sobuchopho. Kukho iindawo ezintathu zezi cochlear nuclei. Inxalenye nganye ifumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zolwazi malunga nesandi. Umzekelo, ezinye iindawo zifumana ulwazi malunga nezandi ezinezandi eziphantsi, njengezandi ze-bass. Ezinye iindawo zifumana ulwazi malunga nezandi ezinezandi eziphezulu, njengezandi ezivakala kakhulu.

3. Ingqondo icubungula ulwazi lwesandi: I-cochlear nuclei ithumela imiqondiso yeemvakalelo malunga nesandi kwi-auditory cortex yengqondo yakho. Oku kukwi -temporal lobe yengqondo. Kulapho ulwazi lwesandi oluvayo lucutshungulwa khona kwaye luqondwa.

Ayimangalisi na le nto? Kungakanani okunokwenzeka ngale mithambo-luvo incinci! Kufana neteknoloji enkulu engaphakathi emizimbeni yethu.

Ngoko ke iphi le vestibulocochlear nerve?

I-vestibulocochlear nerve ikwindlela enamathambo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Internal Auditory Canal (IAC) , apho indlebe yakho yangaphakathi iqhagamshela khona kwicala elingaphantsi kwentloko yakho.

• I-vestibular nerve iqala kwi-bundle ye-nerve ebizwa ngokuba yi-vestibular ganglion (`Vestibular (Scarpa's) ganglion`) kufutshane ne-vestibular organs. Idibanisa i-cochlear nerve ngaphakathi kwe-`IAC` ukuze yenze i-`CN VIII`. Nangona kunjalo, iyahlukana ne-cochlear nerve kwakhona xa ifikelela kwi-vestibular nuclei complex kwi-brainstem.
• I-cochlear nerve iqala kwi-bundle ye-nerves ebizwa ngokuba yi-spiral ganglion kufutshane ne-cochlea. Oku kudibanisa i-vestibular nerve ngaphakathi kwe-IAC ukuze yenze i-CN VIII. Emva koko iyahlukana ne-vestibular nerve xa ifikelela kwi-nuclei yayo ehambelanayo kwi-brainstem.

Ngamafutshane, kungathi ezi mithambo-luvo zimbini ziqala endlebeni engaphakathi, zihambe kunye umgama omfutshane, zize zahlukane kwakhona ukuze zenze imisebenzi yazo xa zingena engqondweni.

Yenziwe ngantoni i-vestibulocochlear nerve?

I-vestibulocochlear nerve yenziwe ngokupheleleyo yi -sensory neurons (ii-afferent neurons) . Oku kuthetha ukuba injongo yayo kuphela kukuphatha imiqondiso enceda ubuchopho ukuba busebenzise ulwazi olusekelwe kwiimvakalelo zakho (ezifana nokuva kunye nendawo yomzimba). Ayithwali imiyalezo ye-motor, oko kukuthi, imiyalezo esuka ebuchosheni ukuya kwimisipha.

Ziziphi iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezinokuchaphazela i-vestibulocochlear nerve?

Ngelishwa, kukho ezinye iimeko ezinokonakalisa le mithambo-luvo ibalulekileyo. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Ukwenzakala: Ukwenzakala kwiindawo zentloko yakho, ingakumbi apho indlebe yakho yangaphakathi ikhoyo. Cinga ngako njengokubetheka entloko.
• Iimeko zokuzalwa (iingxaki ezikhoyo ekuzalweni): Ngamanye amaxesha, iingxaki zinokubakho ukususela ekuzalweni kuba i-CN VIII ayikhuli kakuhle.
• Iithumba: Iithumba ezingengobungozi, ezifana ne -acoustic neuromas, zinokwenzeka. Nangona ezi zingengomhlaza, zinokubangela iingxaki ngokucinezela umthambo.
• Izifo: Izifo ezifana ne -vestibular neuritis okanye i-labyrinthitis zingonakalisa le mithambo-luvo.

Ndingayazi njani ukuba ndinengxaki ngemithambo-luvo yam ye-vestibulocochlear? (Iimpawu)

Ukuba imithambo-luvo yakho ye-vestibulocochlear yonakele, unokufumana iimpawu ezichaphazela ukuva kwakho kunye nokukwazi kwakho ukugcina ibhalansi. Jonga ukuba unayo na enye yezi:

• Ukulahlekelwa kukuva kwe-sensorineural: Oku kukulahlekelwa kukuva okubangelwa yingxaki endlebeni engaphakathi.
• I-Tinnitus: Isandi sokukhala, ukubhuza, okanye ukubhuza ezindlebeni. Kwabanye, oku kunokuvakala njengesandi sokukhala okanye sokubhonga.
• Ukudinwa: Ukuziva ujikeleza, ukuba nentloko ende, okanye ukulahlekelwa kukulinganisela.
• I-Vertigo: Ukuziva ngathi izinto ezikungqongileyo ziyajikeleza, okanye ukuba uyajikeleza, nokuba umile ungashukumi. Oku kunokuvakala ngathi uyehla unyuka kwi-swing.
• I-Nystagmus: Intshukumo yamehlo ekhawulezayo nengalawulekiyo.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Kubalulekile ukufumana unobangela kwaye uqale unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Oogqirha bayijonga njani impilo yale `CN VIII`?

Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukujonga impilo yemithambo-luvo yakho ye-vestibulocochlear:

• Uvavanyo lokuva: Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho na ukulahleka kokuva endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi. Imizekelo ibandakanya uvavanyo lukaRinne kunye novavanyo lukaWeber . Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha ubeka ifolokhwe yokuthungela engcangcazelayo (uhlobo lwefolokhwe yokuthungela) entlokweni yakho nakufutshane nendlebe yakho aze ajonge ukuba uyaziva na izandi.
• Uvavanyo lweVestibular:Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukujonga impilo yenkqubo yakho ye-vestibular. Uvavanyo olukhangela i-nystagmus (iintshukumo zamehlo ezikhawulezayo) luluncedo kakhulu ekuchongeni iingxaki ze-cranial nerve VIII.
• Uvavanyo lokufota: Ii-CT scans (ii-computed tomography scans) okanye ii-MRIs (i-magnetic resonance imaging) zingenziwa ukujonga iingxaki ngaphakathi endlebeni yakho, ezifana namaqhuma . I-MRI ingabonisa umonakalo kwi-vestibulocochlear nerve, njengokuphuma kwegazi endlebeni yangaphakathi.

Zinyangwa njani ezi zifo zemithambo-luvo ye-vestibulocochlear?

Iindlela zonyango zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko. Nazi ezinye zezona ndlela zonyango zisetyenziswa kakhulu:

• Amayeza: Uninzi lwezifo ezichaphazela imithambo-luvo ye-vestibulocochlear zibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Zihlala ziphela ngokwazo. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane ukukunceda uphile ngokukhawuleza. Banokukunika nee-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukudumba kwi-CN VIII.
• Utyando: Usenokufuna utyando lokususa iithumba, ezifana ne-acoustic neuromas, ezibangela iingxaki ngokuva okanye ukulinganisela kwakho. Ukuba awungomntu ofanelekileyo wotyando, ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa unyango olubizwa ngokuba yi -stereotactic radiotherapy ukunciphisa iithumba.
• Unyango lokubuyisela umzimba kwi-Vestibular: Ukuba uneengxaki zexesha elide kwinkqubo yakho ye-vestibular, olu nyango lunokukunceda ufunde imithambo enokuphucula ibhalansi yakho. Uhlobo lonyango olufunekayo luya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwesifo esibangela iingxaki zemithambo-luvo yakho ye-vestibular.

Ndingayigcina njani imithambo-luvo yam ye-vestibulocochlear isempilweni?

Kakade ke, asinakukwazi ukuthintela zonke iimeko ezinokonakalisa umthambo we-vestibulocochlear, njengokwenzakala okanye iithumba. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukukhusela indlebe yakho yangaphakathi.

Umzekelo:

• Khusela iindlebe zakho xa ukwiindawo ezinomsindo. Ingxolo ephezulu ingonakalisa iiseli zeenwele ezibuthathaka kwindlebe yakho yangaphakathi, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba ulahlekelwe kukuva.
• Bonana nogqirha xa kukho uphawu lokuqala lwengxaki efana nosulelo lwendlebe. Ukufumana unyango kwangethuba kunokuthintela umonakalo omkhulu.
• Lumka xa ungenzakali entloko. Ukunxiba isigcina-ntloko nokudlala imidlalo ekhuselekileyo kubalulekile.

Ukunyamekela indlebe yakho yangaphakathi kulungile kwibhalansi yakho kunye nenkqubo yokuva ngokubanzi. Kuvumela i-vestibulocochlear nerve ukuba ifumane imiyalezo ecacileyo nehambelanayo engqondweni.

Umyalezo Wokuhamba Nawo Ovela Kweli nqaku

Ngoko ke, imithambo-luvo yakho ye-vestibulocochlear ifana nebhulorho ebaluleke kakhulu edibanisa inkqubo yakho ye-vestibular (ibhalansi) kunye nenkqubo yokuva (ukuva) nengqondo yakho. Ngaphandle kolu nxibelelwano lubalulekileyo, indlebe yakho yangaphakathi inokucubungula imiyalezo malunga nesandi kunye nokulinganisela, kodwa loo miyalezo ayinakuhamba iye engqondweni yakho ukuze iqondwe.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ne-'CN VIII' esebenza kakuhle kubaluleke kakhulu ukukugcina uqhagamshelwe kumava eemvakalelo kwihlabathi elikujikelezileyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba, ungamamela ingoma emnandi, uthethe nomhlobo, uhambe ungawi, ubaleke, kwaye utsibe, zonke ezi zinto zincediswa kakhulu yile ntliziyo incinci. Ngoko ke, luxanduva lwethu ukucinga ngayo kancinci kwaye siyinyamekele.

Ukuba uneminye imibuzo malunga noku, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha. Bakulungele ukukunceda.

Umthambo weVestibulocochlear, ukuva, ibhalansi, umthambo wendlebe, iCN VIII, indlebe yangaphakathi, inkqubo yokuva