Uthini umbono wakho? Masithethe ngawo ngokulula!

Sonke siyalibona kwaye siyaliqonda eli hlabathi lihle ngamehlo ethu, akunjalo? Cinga nje, ukususela ngexesha esivuka ngalo kusasa de siye kulala ebusuku, zingaphi izinto esizibonayo? Olu buchule bokubona nokuqonda izinto lubizwa ngokuba yimbono . Asinto ilula nje, yinkqubo emangalisayo kakhulu. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni umbono, kwenzeka njani, kwaye singawunyamekela njani amehlo ethu.

Yintoni kanye kanye umbono?

Ngamafutshane, umbono yindlela amehlo akho nengqondo yakho ezisebenzisana ngayo ukusebenzisa ukukhanya okubonakaliswa zizinto ezikungqongileyo ukuze ukwazi ukubona izinto. Yenye yezona mvakalelo zintlanu ziphambili. Uninzi lwabantu luyayiqonda kwaye luyayibona ihlabathi ngale ndlela yokubona.

Kwenzeka njani le nto ibizwa ngokuba yimbono? Iyamangalisa!

Ukubona kuqala xa amehlo akho ebona ukukhanya, ekuguqula kube ziimpawu zemithambo-luvo, aze akuthumele engqondweni yakho ngee -optic nerves zakho. Ingqondo emva koko ithatha ezi mpawu, izitolike, ize iziguqule zibe yimifanekiso oyibonayo. Kuvakala ngathi kuyinkimbinkimbi, akunjalo? Masiyihlalutye kancinci.

Amehlo akho: Ngaba afana neekhamera ezimbini ezincinci?

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva abantu bethelekisa amehlo neekhamera. Kodwa eneneni akunjalo. Ikhamera yinxalenye yetekhnoloji eyenziwe ngokweliso lomntu.

Khawucinge ngekhamera enelensi ejolisa ukukhanya kwisensa ekhethekileyo ngaphakathi kwekhamera. Loo sensa iguqula ukukhanya kube ziimpawu zombane. Ikhompyutha encinci ngaphakathi kwekhamera iguqula ezo zimpawu zibe ngumfanekiso. Ungalawula ukugxila kwekhamera. Kwezinye iikhamera, unokulawula nokuba kukhanya okungena kangakanani kwisensa.

Amehlo akho nawo aneelensi. Ezi lensi zigxila ukukhanya kwaye zikuqondisa kwi -retina, ekwindawo engasemva kweliso. I-retina ifana nesensor ekwikhamera, kodwa iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kwaye iphucukile. Ukukhanya okuwela kwi-retina kuguqulwa kube ziimpawu zemithambo-luvo kwaye kuthunyelwe engqondweni. Oku kwenzeka izihlandlo ezininzi ngomzuzwana!

Amandla akhethekileyo ezo khamera, oko kukuthi ukugxila nokulawula ukukhanya, enziwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngamehlo akho. Umfundi osesweni lakho unokuvuleka aze anciphe, nto leyo elawula ubungakanani bokukhanya okungena elisweni lakho. Ukongeza, kukho izihlunu ezilawula ilensi yeliso lakho. Ezi zihlunu zezona zivumela imitha yokukhanya ukuba igxile ukuze ukwazi ukubona izinto kumgama owahlukileyo ngokucacileyo.

I-Retina: Indawo emangalisayo yokubamba ukukhanya!

I-retina yakho luhlobo lweseli olukhethekileyo nolunobuthathaka kakhulu. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-photoreceptors., oko kukuthi, "iiseli ezibona ukukhanya." Xa ukukhanya kuwela kwezi seli, kwenzeka iikhemikhali kunye neempendulo zombane ngaphakathi kwezo seli. Yileyo ndlela ezo seli ezibona ngayo ukukhanya zize zikuguqulele kwimiqondiso yemithambo-luvo efihliweyo.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zezi seli ezibonakala ekukhanyeni (ii-photoreceptors):

• Iinduku: Ezi zinoxanduva lokubona utshintsho kubukhali bokukhanya. Iinduku zezona zikunceda ubone izinto ekukhanyeni okuphantsi, oko kukuthi, kwiindawo ezimnyama.
• Iikhowuni: Ezi photoreceptors zinovakalelo oluthe kratya kwaye zinokubona iinkcukacha ezincinci kunye nemibala eyahlukeneyo.

Xa ezi mpawu zemithambo-luvo ziguqulwe zaba yimifanekiso, i-retina ithumela ezo mpawu kwimithambo-luvo yakho yamehlo.

Iimithambo-luvo zamehlo: Iintambo ezithwala imiyalezo eziya engqondweni!

Imithambo-luvo yakho yamehlo ifana neentambo ezithwala idatha. Ziqhagamshela i-retina yakho kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho bakho. Ezo miqondiso zihamba ngemithambo-luvo yamehlo kwaye zifikelele kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho bakho, apho zichazwa khona kwaye zicutshungulwe.

Ingqondo: Apho umfanekiso wenziwa khona!

Inyathelo lokugqibela nelibaluleke kakhulu lenzeka engqondweni yakho. Ingqondo ithatha ezo mpawu zifihliweyo eziza ngemithambo-luvo ye-optic ize izicacise. Emva koko isebenzisa olo lwazi lufihliweyo ukwenza "umfanekiso" weliso ngalinye.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwinto oyibonayo, iindawo ezahlukeneyo zengqondo ziyasebenzisana ukuze ziqonde ngokupheleleyo loo mfanekiso. Umzekelo, xa ufunda esi sivakalisi, iindawo zengqondo ezikuncedayo ukuqonda ulwimi kunye nokukhumbula iinkumbulo nazo ziyasebenza. Yiyo le ndlela onokuwaqonda ngayo la magama, ukhumbule intsingiselo yawo, kwaye uvuselele iinkumbulo ezinxulumene nawo. Khawuthelekelele, ukuba ubona umhlobo esitalatweni, emva kokuba amehlo akho ethatha umfanekiso wakhe aze awuthumele engqondweni yakho, ingqondo yakho iyawuqonda ize ithi, "Owu, nguAmal lo, akunjalo?" kwaye ihambelane nazo zonke iinkumbulo ezifanelekileyo (ezo wathetha naye, ezo wahleka nazo).

Ziziphi iimeko zonyango ezinokuchaphazela umbono wethu?

Ukubona kufuna amalungu amaninzi ahlukeneyo kunye nezakhiwo zomzimba ukuze zisebenzisane. Ngoko ke, iimeko ezahlukeneyo zinokuchaphazela ilungu ngalinye kula. Ezinye iimeko zinokuchaphazela amalungu angaphezu kwelinye.

Nazi ezinye zeemeko ezinokuchaphazela umbono wakho:

• Izifo ezinxulumene namehlo: Umzekelo, i-cataracts, i-glaucoma.
• Izifo ezinxulumene ne-retina kunye ne-optic nerve: Umzekelo, i-diabetesic retinopathy kunye ne-optic neuritis.
• Izifo ezinxulumene nobuchopho: Umzekelo, ukulahleka kokubona ngenxa yestroke, ukulahleka kokubona ngenxa yeethumba zobuchopho.

Musa ukoyika ezi zinto, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ngaba "umbono" kunye "nokubonwa" zizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo?

Abantu abaninzi, nkqu neengcali kunye nososayensi, basebenzisa amagama athi "umbono" kunye "nokubona" ​​ngokutshintshana. Kodwa azifani. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ungasebenzisa izakhono zakho zokubona ngaphandle kokubona into ethile (umzekelo, ukwenza imifanekiso engqondweni yakho). Kwakhona, kukho iimeko zengqondo apho ingqondo yakho ingenakukwazi ukucubungula oko amehlo akho akubonayo.

Ukucacisa oku ngakumbi:

Cinga ngokubona njengesakhono somzimba kuphela . Oko kukuthi, amehlo akho ayakubona ukukhanya, akuguqule kube ziimpawu zombane nezekhemikhali, aze akuthumele engqondweni yakho.

Ukubona kufuna ukukwazi ukucubungula imiqondiso evela emehlweni akho. Ngaphandle koko kucubungula, imiqondiso ethunyelwa ngamehlo akho engqondweni yakho ayinamsebenzi.

Nangona kusenokubonakala kungaqhelekanga ukucinga ngezi zinto zimbini ngokwahlukeneyo, kukho iimeko zobuchopho ezichaphazela umbono ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukubona. Umzekelo yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -visual agnosia . Umntu one-visual agnosia unokubona, oko kuthetha ukuba ukubona kwakhe kulungile, kodwa ingqondo yakhe ayikwazi ukuqonda okanye ukuqaphela oko akubonayo. Umzekelo, ukuba ubona ibhanana, usenokungakwazi ukuyibona njengebhanana. Esinye isimo esithile yiProsopagnosia . Abantu abanale meko banokubona ubuso babantu, kodwa abakwazi ukuqaphela ukuba bangoobani. Basenokungakwazi ukuqaphela ubuso bosapho lwabo okanye abahlobo babo. Akumangalisi na?

Ndingakhusela kwaye ndigcine njani amehlo am evulekile?

Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze ukhusele kwaye ugcine amehlo akho exabisekile. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Hlola amehlo akho rhoqo: Wonke umntu kufuneka ahlolwe amehlo akhe rhoqo , kwanabo baneembono eziqhelekileyo (20/20) . Uvavanyo lwamehlo lunokuchonga iingxaki onokuthi ungazazi okanye ungaziboni. Iimpazamo zokujongwa kwakhona , ezifana nokubona okukufutshane (Myopia) okanye ukubona okukude (Hyperopia), zinokubangela ukulahleka kokubona ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngoko usenokungaziboni kwasekuqaleni. Uvavanyo lwamehlo lunokufumanisa ezi ngxaki ngaphambi kokuba uqonde.

• Khusela amehlo akho: Kubalulekile ukunxiba izikhuselo zamehlo kwiimeko apho kukho umngcipheko wokonakala kwamehlo. Iiglasi zokhuseleko okanye iiglasi , iimaski zobuso okanye izikhuselo zinokunceda koku. Umzekelo, ukuba utshixa, usika iinkuni, okanye ucoca nge-vacuum ekhaya, ezi zibaluleke kakhulu. Iiglasi zelanga nazo ziyindlela elungileyo yokukhusela amehlo akho. Zikhusela amehlo akho kwimitha ye-UV eyingozi.Ikhusela kwi. Ekubeni ilanga eSri Lanka lirhabaxa, kulungile kakhulu ukusebenzisa iiglasi zelanga.

• Lumka ukutya kwakho: Amehlo akho afuna iivithamini ezithile kunye nezondlo ukuze asebenze kakuhle. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga noku, ungaqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho wosapho okanye ingcali yamehlo. Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo kubaluleke kakhulu.

• Beka phambili imisebenzi yomzimba: Impilo yamehlo akho ibonisa impilo yakho iyonke. Ukuzilolonga rhoqo nokuhlala usebenza kunokunceda ukugcina amehlo akho (nomzimba wakho wonke) esempilweni.

• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa icuba: Ukutshaya, ukuvasa, nokusebenzisa icuba elingenamsi kunokuba nefuthe elibi kwimpilo yakho nakumehlo akho. Ukuyeka ezi zinto, okanye ukungaqali, kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.

• Ukuba ufumana utshintsho olukhawulezileyo ekuboneni kwakho okanye ukulahleka kokubona, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko, ungalibazisi: Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu ezilumkisayo zengxaki enkulu. Ukulahlekelwa lulwazi ngequbuliso, okungalindelekanga sisizathu sokufuna uncedo lwezonyango. Ukuba unesifo esinokubangela utshintsho olukhawulezileyo ekuboneni, ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yamehlo iya kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka ufune unyango oluthile nini.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunyamekela amehlo akho. Ukuba ubona utshintsho oluncinci, musa ukulutyeshela.

Isishwankathelo: Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Kubantu abaninzi, ukubona yeyona nto ibalulekileyo abayisebenzisayo yonke imihla. Nangona kunokubonakala ngathi yinto elula, eneneni yenye yezona nkqubo zinzima emizimbeni yethu. Ukuze amehlo akho asebenze kakuhle, yonke indawo yeliso lakho, kuquka i-retina, imithambo-luvo yamehlo, kunye nengqondo, kufuneka zonke zisebenzisane ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngethamsanqa, zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukukhusela nokugcina la mehlo axabisekileyo. Emva koko, endaweni yokuxhalaba ngento onokuyibona okanye ongayiboniyo, ungonwabela ukujonga izinto ofuna ukuzibona. Ngoko ke, qala ukunyamekela amehlo akho namhlanje!

Umbono , iliso, umbono, ingqondo, umthambo wamehlo, i-retina, ukhuseleko lwamehlo, impilo yamehlo