Ngaba ngequbuliso ukhe waba nobunzima bokuphefumla okanye iintlungu esifubeni waza ugqirha wakuyalela ukuba wenze i-VQ scan? Usenokuba uzive usoyika kancinci xa ethetha loo nto. "Yintoni le VQ scan?" "Ijongeka njani?" "Ingaba ibuhlungu?" Imibuzo emininzi inokuvela engqondweni. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula namhlanje, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-VQ scan?
I-VQ scan ayibuhlungu, ithatha imifanekiso yokusebenza kwemiphunga yakho. Ijonga ikakhulu indlela esebenza ngayo imiphunga yakho kunye nendlela igazi lakho elihamba ngayo kuyo .
Le yintsingiselo yoonobumba ababini egameni layo.
- Unobumba u- "V" umele ukuphefumla . Yinkqubo apho umoya ungena kwaye uphuma khona emiphungeni xa uphefumla.
- Unobumba "Q" umele iPerfusion . Ubhekisa kubungakanani kunye nokuhamba kwegazi okunikezelwa kwimithambo yegazi emincinci emiphungeni.
Ngamafutshane, oku kufana nokujonga ukuba iindlela ezikwidolophu (iindlela zomoya) zikwimeko entle na nokuba akukho xinano lwezithuthi kwezo ndlela (ukujikeleza kwegazi).
Kutheni ugqirha angacebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-VQ scan?
Isizathu esiphambili nesiqhelekileyo sokuba ugqirha acele olu vavanyo kukuba xa ecinga ukuba igazi liqhekekile emiphungeni. Esi simo saziwa ngokwezonyango njenge- pulmonary embolism (PE) . Esi sisifo esiyingozi kakhulu , ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufumana uxilongo kunye nonyango ngokukhawuleza.
Ukongeza, olu vavanyo lwe-VQ lusetyenziswa kwezinye iimeko ezininzi:
- Qaphela imeko ethi ``Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH),`` esisifo esonyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi emiphungeni.
- Jonga ukusebenza kwemiphunga emva kokufakelwa imiphunga.
- Ngaphambi kokususa inxalenye okanye yonke imiphunga ngotyando, jonga ukusebenza kwemiphunga eseleyo.
- Hlola ukusebenza kwemiphunga kumntu onezinye izifo zemiphunga, njenge-COPD.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene kolu vavanyo?
Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi kolu vavanyo. Oku kwenziwa ngamacandelo amabini ngosuku olunye, elinye icala lenziwa kwangoko emva kokuba elinye ligqityiwe.
1. Inxalenye Yokuqala (Umoya ophefumlayo - ukujonga intshukumo yomoya):Kule nto, unxiba isixhobo esikhethekileyo sokuphefumla (njengemaski). Uphefumla ngayo. Into encinci kakhulu, ekhuselekileyo ene-radioactive ebizwa ngokuba yi-"tracer" yongezwa emoyeni owuphefumlayo. Oku kufana nokufaka "tag" encinci emoyeni. Emva koko ikhamera ekhethekileyo ithatha imifanekiso. Ngenxa ye "tag", iindawo apho umoya udlula khona emiphungeni yakho zinokubonakala ngokucacileyo kwimifanekiso.
2. Icandelo lesi-2 (Ukuphalaza): Kule nto, into ekhuselekileyo efanayo ene-radioactive (tracer) ifakwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Le 'tag' ihamba negazi emzimbeni wakho wonke nakwimiphunga yakho. Le khamera inye esetyenzisiweyo ngaphambili ithatha imifanekiso kwakhona. Oku kubonisa apho igazi lihamba khona emiphungeni yakho.
Ngokuthelekisa le mifanekiso mibini, ugqirha uya kufumanisa ukuba kukho ingxaki na kwimiphunga yakho.
I-VQ scan yahluke njani kwi-CT scan?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Nangona zombini ii-VQ scans kunye ne-CT scans zithatha imifanekiso yemiphunga, kukho umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini.
| Uphawu | Iskena se-VQ | Iskena se-CT |
|---|---|---|
| Yintoni esetyenziswayo | Isithako esinombane (i-tracer) sinikwa ngokuphefumla nangokutofa. | Idayi ekhethekileyo (idayi yokungafaniyo) inikwa ngenaliti. |
| Inqanaba lemitha | Imitha yelanga incinci kune-CT scan. | Imitha iphezulu kune-VQ scan. |
| Kwabaguli bezintso | Ikhuselekile kakhulu kubantu abanengxaki yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso. | Idayi esetyenziswa kwi-CT scans inokuba yingozi kuba inokuchaphazela izintso. |
| Kwabo bane-aleji kwiidayi | Ikhuselekile kakhulu , kuba uhlobo lwedayi olusetyenziswa kwi-CT scan alusetyenziswa. | Ukuba une-allergy kwiidayi, awukwazi ukuzisebenzisa. |
Ngaba kufuneka ndilungiselele ngaphambi kovavanyo?
Le yeyona nto ilungileyo. Akukho lungiselelo likhethekileyo elifunekayo kwi-VQ scan. Ungatya, usele, kwaye uthathe amayeza akho njengesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho ngokuqinisekileyo:
- Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ukrokrela ukuba: Ugqirha wakho angacebisa olunye uvavanyo, njengoko imitha yelanga inokuchaphazela umntwana ongekazalwa.
- Ukuba ungumama oncancisayo: Ekubeni imitha yokukhanya inokudluliselwa kumntwana wakho ngobisi lwebele, unokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukuncancisa kangangeeyure ezimbalwa okanye usuku emva kovavanyo kwaye ukhuphe ubisi lwebele kwaye ululahle. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunika imiyalelo malunga noku.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuhlala ungashukumi ixesha elide: Kungcono ungashukumi xa uthatha imifanekiso. Ukwenza njalo kuya kubangela imifanekiso engacacanga kunye nengxelo embi.
Ngokwesiqhelo, i-X-ray yesifuba yenziwa kwiiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kwe-VQ scan. Ulwazi olufunyenwe koku luya kunceda ekuqondeni ingxelo ye-VQ scan.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo?
Lonke uvavanyo luthatha imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60.
Inxalenye Yokuqala: Iskeni Sokungenisa Umoya
Kule meko, uza kuhlala esitulweni okanye ulele etafileni. Uza kunikwa imaski okanye umlomo ukuze uphefumle. Emva koko, ikhamera iza kuthatha imifanekiso njengoko uphefumla ngayo. Ungajikwa nangamacala ahlukeneyo ukuze uthathe imifanekiso.
Icandelo Lesibini: I-Perfusion Scan
Oku kuza kuqala kwangoko emva kokuba inxalenye yokuqala iphelile. Oku kuquka ukufaka i-IV emthanjeni engalweni yakho kunye nokufaka into ene-radioactive kuyo. Emva koko, njengangaphambili, imifanekiso ithathwa ngekhamera.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo? Ingxelo ithini?
Emva kokuba uvavanyo luphelile, ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Izinto ezine-radioactive ezifakwe emzimbeni wakho ziya kushiya umzimba wakho kumchamo nakwindle yakho kwiiyure okanye iintsuku ezimbalwa.
Ingxelo idla ngokufunyanwa kwiiyure ezingama-24. Makhe sibone nje ukuba ingxelo ithini.
| Amagama anokuvela kwingxelo | Ithetha ntoni le nto? |
|---|---|
| Ukuba awuboni gazi liqhekekile... | |
| Amathuba aqhelekileyo / Amathuba aphantsi / Akukho PE | Ukuhamba komoya kunye negazi emiphungeni kuqhelekile. Amathuba okuba igazi lijiyile aphantsi kakhulu okanye akakho. |
| Ukuba uyathandabuza... | |
| Amathuba aphakathi / Angaqinisekanga | Akunakwenzeka ukuqiniseka ngezi scan ukuba kukho ihlwili legazi okanye akunjalo. Kusenokufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelweyo. |
| Ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba igazi liqhekeke... | |
| Amathuba aphezulu / i-PE ikhona / i-PE-positive | Kusenokwenzeka ukuba unegazi elijiyileyo emiphungeni yakho. Ugqirha uza kuthetha nawe ngonyango olufunayo. |
Ngaba kukho umngcipheko kule nto?
Iingozi zokuhlolwa kwe-VQ zincinci kakhulu . Iingozi ezinokubakho zezi:
- Ukuvezwa kwimitha: Oku kusebenzisa isixa esincinci kakhulu semitha esikhuselekileyo. Isuswa ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
- I-allergic reaction: Umngcipheko wokuba ne-allergic reaction kwi-vaccine uphantsi kakhulu, kodwa uhlala uncinci.
- Ukungakhululeki okuncinci: Kunokubakho iintlungu ezincinci ngexesha lokufakwa kwenaliti kwaye kufuneke uhlale ungashukumi ngexesha lovavanyo.
Kunini apho kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba unezi mpawu zilandelayo, isenokuba luphawu lokuqhekeka kwegazi emiphungeni (i-Pulmonary Embolism). Kwimeko enjalo , yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo elikufutshane (i-ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuphefumla okukhawulezileyo okubuhlungu
- Intlungu ebukhali esifubeni, engalweni, egxalabeni, entanyeni, okanye emhlathini
- Ukukhwehlela ngegazi okanye ngaphandle kwalo
- Ulusu olukhanyayo kunye nokubila
- Ukutshintsha kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kolusu, imilebe, okanye iinzipho (iCyanosis)
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo
- Ukubila okugqithisileyo
Ezi mpawu zingxamisekileyo kwezonyango, ngoko ke ukufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha kunokusindisa ubomi bakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-VQ scan luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu nolukhuselekileyo olujonga ukuhamba komoya kunye negazi emiphungeni.
- Oku kusetyenziswa kakhulu ekufumaneni ihlwili legazi emiphungeni (i-pulmonary embolism).
- Isebenzisa imitha encinci kune-CT scan. Ifaneleka ngakumbi kubantu abanesifo sezintso kunye nabo bane-allergy kwi-CT dyes.
- Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uncancisa, qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa ngumphefumlo ngequbuliso kunye nentlungu yesifuba, yingxamiseko leyo. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
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