Ngaba wakha waba nekati oyithandayo ekhaya ekulumayo okanye ekutyebe kancinci? Uninzi lwexesha, siyayithatha njengento eqhelekileyo size siyilibale. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, emva kwesiganeko esincinci kangaka, inxeba liyadumba kancinci, kwaye emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, kuvela amaqhuma afana namathumba kwiindawo ezifana namakhwapha nentamo, kwaye umzimba unokuziva ushushu. Sicinga ukuba ngumkhuhlane. Kodwa emva koku kunokubakho iqela leebhaktheriya ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'Bartonella'. Namhlanje sithetha ngesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-'Bartonellosis' esinokudluliselwa kuthi kwezi zilwanyana. Ungakhathazeki, masiqonde oku ngokulula.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iBartonellosis?
I-Bartonellosis ayisosifo sithile. Liqela lezifo ezosulelayo ezibangelwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuba yiBartonella. Okwangoku kukho iintlobo ezingama-22 ezaziwayo zale bhaktheriya, apho malunga neentlobo ezili-15 zinokubangela izifo ebantwini.
Esi sifo sibalulekile kuthi kuba sisifo sezilwanyana ezifuywayo . Oku kuthetha ukuba singasifumana kwizilwanyana zasekhaya okanye kwezinye izilwanyana ezisekhaya. Esi sifo sisasazeka ukusuka kwesinye isilwanyana ukuya kwesinye kwaye sisasazeka ukusuka kwizilwanyana ukuya kuthi ngokusebenzisa izidalwa ezifana neentakumba, iintwala, okanye ii-sand flies. Kwakhona, ukuba isilwanyana esinesifo sikuluma okanye sikukrwele, esi sifo singangena emzimbeni wakho, nokuba ngqo.
Ziziphi izizathu zeBartonellosis?
Ibhaktiriya ethi 'Bartonella' ifana neparasite engena emizimbeni yethu. Xa sele ingaphakathi emzimbeni, le bhaktiriya ihlasela ngqo iiseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi , ii-macrophages , eziziiseli ezibalulekileyo zenkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba, kunye neeseli ze-endothelial, ezijikeleze imithambo yegazi yethu. Le bhaktiriya ibangela izifo ngokungena kwezi seli nokuzifihla ngaphakathi kuzo.
Isifo esibangelwa yibhaktheriya iBartonella siyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili esizibonayo nesithetha ngazo rhoqo.
| Igama lesifo | Iibhaktheriya ezibangela | Indlela yokudlulisela |
|---|---|---|
| Isifo sokukrwela iikati | Bartonella henselae | Ngokukrwela, ukuluma, okanye ukukhotha inxeba lekati elosulelekileyo (ingakumbi amantshontsho ekati). Isasazeka phakathi kweekati ngeentakumba. |
| Isifo sikaCarrion | Bartonella bacilliformis | Ngokulunywa ziimpukane zesanti. Esi sifo sinokuvela ngamanqanaba amabini: esibukhali nesingapheliyo. |
| Umkhuhlane woMsele | Bartonella quintana | Iintwala zomzimba zidluliselwa ebantwini kwaye zixhaphakile kwiindawo apho ucoceko lungekho semgangathweni. |
Okubalulekileyo kukuba, esi sifo sinokuba nzima ngakumbi kubantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka . Umzekelo, abantu abane-HIV/AIDS, abo banyangwa ngumhlaza, okanye abo bafakelwe amalungu omzimba basengozini enkulu yokuchaphazeleka kakhulu zizifo zeBartonella henselae kunye ne-B. quintana.
Ziziphi iimpawu zeBartonellosis?
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeBartonellosis ziquka umkhuhlane, ukugodola, ukudinwa, kunye nentloko ebuhlungu. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, iimpawu ezithile ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwebhaktheriya ebangela esi sifo.
Isifo sokukrwela iikati
Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lweBartonellosis. Iimpawu zinokubonakala emva kweentsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa ikati ilunyiwe.
- Indawo apho kukho khona isilonda: Siqala njengebala elibomvu, emva kweveki, sikhule sibe yiqhubu elincinci. Asibuhlungu okanye siyarhawuzelela. Ngamanye amaxesha sizaliswa lulwelo, size some, size siphole kwiveki e-1-3, sishiye isilonda.
- I-Lymphadenopathy: Olu luphawu oluphambili lwesi sifo. Ama-lymph node akufutshane nenxeba ayavuvukala. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho inxeba engalweni, ama-node anokuvuvukala ekhwapheni, ukuba kukho inxeba emlenzeni, emqolo, okanye ukuba kukho inxeba entanyeni, ama-node anokuvuvukala entanyeni. Xa zichukunyiswa, ezi ndawo zivuvukileyo zinokuba buhlungu, zifudumale, kwaye zinokuba bomvu. Kwabanye abantu, ezi zinokosulelwa.
- Ezinye iimpawu: Iintlungu zomzimba, ukudinwa, intloko ebuhlungu, umkhuhlane, ukungabi namdla wokutya, umphimbo obuhlungu, kunye nokwehla kobunzima nako kunokubakho.
Kumntu ophilileyo, ezi mpawu zihlala ziphela kwiinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ngaphandle konyango. Nangona kunjalo, kumntu onenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka, iintsholongwane zinokusasazeka emehlweni, esibindini, entliziyweni, ebuchotsheni, kwipleyini, okanye emathanjeni, nto leyo ebangela usulelo oluqatha.
Isifo sikaCarrion
Oku akuqhelekanga kangako eSri Lanka. Kukho amanqanaba amabini aphambili oku.
- Isigaba esibukhali (i-Oroya Fever): Oku kubonakala ngokuqala ngequbuliso komkhuhlane ophezulu, ukubanda, intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, ubuthathaka, kunye nolusu olukhanyayo. Ukutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunokukhokelela kwi-anemia, nto leyo enokubangela iimeko ezinzulu ngakumbi ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla kunye nentlungu yesifuba.
- Isigaba esingapheliyo (Verruga Peruana): Emva kwesigaba esikhawulezileyo, amaqhuma abomvu-mfusa (iintsumpa zasePeruvian) aqala ukubonakala eluswini. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, la maqhuma anokudumba, abangele izilonda, aze ophe.
Umkhuhlane woMsele
Oku akuvamile kwilizwe lethu. Kwimeko enjalo, malunga neeveki ezi-5 emva kokuba intsholongwane ingene emzimbeni, kuvela umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, kunye neentlungu zomzimba ngequbuliso. Eyona nto ingaqhelekanga kukuba umkhuhlane unokuphela kangangeentsuku ezi-5 uze uphinde ubuye.
Indlela yokuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo esi sifo?
Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zeBartonellosis zifana nezinye izifo ezixhaphakileyo zeentsholongwane, kunzima nokuba ugqirha aqinisekise oko ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zodwa. Ke ngoko, kufuneka uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe oku ngokuqinisekileyo.
Ugqirha wakho angathatha isampuli yegazi aze enze uvavanyo oluthile olufana ne -PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) okanye i-DNA Sequencing ukuze akhangele iziqwenga ze-DNA zebhaktiriya iBartonella. Angenza novavanyo lokukhangela ii-antibodies eziveliswa yimizimba yethu ngokuchasene nale bhaktiriya.
Ukuba isifo sibi kakhulu, isampuli encinci (i-biopsy) yezicubu ezineentsholongwane (umz., i-lymph node evuvukileyo) ingathathwa ize ivavanywe.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lweBartonellosis?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba usulelo oluncinci olufana neCat Scratch Disease kumntu ophilileyo lunokupheliswa kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwee-antibiotics.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, okanye ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka, ugqirha wakho usenokukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Olu nyango luhlala luthatha iiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6. Baza kukunika namayeza omkhuhlane kunye nentlungu.
- Isifo Sokukrwela Iikati: Ii-antibiotics ezifana ne-`Azithromycin`, `Rifampin`, `Ciprofloxacin` zihlala zinikwa oku. Amayeza afana ne-`Penicillin` kunye ne-`Amoxicillin` awasebenzi kuba le ntsholongwane ayimelani nayo.
- Isifo sikaCarrion: Esi sinyangwa ngamayeza anjenge-'Ciprofloxacin' okanye i-'Chloramphenicol'. Ukuba i-anemia inzima, utofelo-gazi nalo lunokufuneka.
- Umkhuhlane woMfula: Lo unyangwa nge " Doxycycline"Amayeza anjengeDoxycycline okanye iGentamicin anikwa iiveki ezi-2-4.
Kubalulekile: Zonke ezi ndlela zonyango zigqitywa ngugqirha wakho. Ungaze uthenge amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwikhemesti ngokwakho. Oku kuya kusenza sibe nzima ngakumbi esi sifo.
Ungazikhusela njani kwesi sifo?
Ukuhlala ukhuselekile kwesi sifo akunzima kangako. Kwanele ukulandela amanyathelo amancinci ambalwa.
- Khusela izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya (iikati, izinja) kwiintakumba nezinye izifunxi-gazi ngokuzinika unyango olufunekayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Kuphephe ukukrweleka nokuluma kangangoko kunokwenzeka xa udlala nekati yakho. Qiniseka ukuba uhlamba izandla zakho ngesepha emva kokudlala nekati yakho.
- Zikhusele kwiintwala (ingakumbi iintwala zomzimba). Hlala ucocekile.
- Zikhusele kwiimpukane zesanti kwiindawo apho zixhaphake khona. Sebenzisa izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane kunye nenethi yeengcongconi.
- Ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka, unesilwanyana sasekhaya, okanye unezinye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo, thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze akunike icebiso.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
-
Bartonellosissisifo sebhaktheriya esinokudluliselwa kwizilwanyana (ingakumbi iikati) kunye nezinambuzane ezifana neentakumba kunye neentwala. - Akukho mfuneko yokukhathazeka malunga nokulunywa yikati. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inxeba lidumbile, ii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane zidumbile, kwaye kukho umkhuhlane, musa ukuwutyeshela.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga emva kokukrwelwa, ukulunywa, okanye ukulunywa sisilwanyana, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho.
- Esi sifo sinokuthintelwa kakhulu ngokugcina izilwanyana zasekhaya zicocekile kwaye zinyange iintsholongwane zazo.
- Ukuba kukho nayiphi na imeko yempilo, funa unyango kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 🧐 Yintoni ebangela ukudumba kwama-lymph nodes entanyeni?
Zininzi izizathu zokuba umphimbo obuhlungu ubangelwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo unokubangelwa sisifo somqala. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ukuba uneekati ekhayeni lakho, zinokubangela nomphimbo obuhlungu ngenxa yesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiBartonellosis (Cat Scratch Disease) esidluliselwa zizo?
💬 🐱 Ngaba ikati ingafumana iintwala entanyeni yayo ukuba iyayiluma okanye iyayikrwela?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Intsholongwane iBartonella idluliselwa kwiikati ngeentakumba. Emva koko, ukuba ikati ikukrwela okanye ikulume, intsholongwane inokungena emzimbeni wakho ibangele ukuba ii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane zidumbe. Le yeyona nto ibangela ukurhawuzelelwa entanyeni okanye emakhwapheni.
💬 🤒 Wazi njani ukuba yiBartonellosis ukuba unomkhuhlane kunye nomqala obuhlungu?
Ukuba unomkhuhlane ophezulu, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nethumba elincinci apho ikati ikukrwele khona, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yiBartonellosis. Oku akunanto yakwenza ukhathazeke, kodwa kungcono ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza kuba kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
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