Ukukhulelwa lixesha lethemba elikhulu kunye namava amatsha kumama. Sonke siyazi ukuba kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nokudumba okuncinci emilenzeni kunye nokungonwabi kancinci emzimbeni ngeli xesha. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpawu zibonakala ziqhelekile zinokuba ziimpawu zemeko enzima efuna ingqalelo encinci. I-Preeclampsia yenye yeemeko ezinzima kakhulu ezinokubakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-preeclampsia?
I-Preeclampsia yimeko ngexesha lokukhulelwa apho unoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kwaye uqala ukukhupha iiproteni ezininzi kumchamo wakho . Ungaphawula nokudumba emilenzeni, ezingalweni nasezinyaweni zakho. Le meko inokuba buthathaka kwabanye abantu, kwaye ibe nzima kwabanye.
Le meko idla ngokuvela ngasekupheleni kokukhulelwa, malunga neveki yama-34. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ingenzeka kwangethuba okanye emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe .
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba unyango oluhlala luhleli lwe-preeclampsia kukuzalwa komntwana. Kwanasemva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, ezi mpawu ngamanye amaxesha zinokuhlala iiveki ezi-6 nangaphezulu.
Ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kwesi simo kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwakho nolomntwana wakho. Yiyo loo nto ugqirha wakho eza kuthatha uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nomchamo wakho rhoqo xa undwendwela ekliniki.
I-Preeclampsia emva kokubeleka
Le yimeko engaqhelekanga. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiyo ukuba unesifo soxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye neproteni kumchamo wakho emva kokuba uzele umntwana wakho. Oku kudla ngokukwenzeka kwiiyure ezingama-48 emva kokubeleka. Kodwa kusenokwenzeka emva kweeveki ezi-6. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-preeclampsia kunye ne-eclampsia
Ukuba i-preeclampsia ayinyangwanga kakuhle, inokuba yimeko eyingozi ngakumbi ebizwa ngokuba yi-eclampsia . Ngamafutshane, ukuba umama one-preeclampsia uqala ukuba neengxinano (ukuxhuzula) , loo meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-eclampsia. Oku kunokuba yingozi kumama nakumntwana.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Ukongeza kuxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (ngaphezulu kwe-140/90 mmHg), iiproteni kumchamo, kunye nokudumba, usenokuba nazo ezi mpawu zilandelayo. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
| Uphawu | Inkcukacha ezithe vetshe |
|---|---|
| Ukunyuka kwesisindo ngequbuliso | Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunokubangela ukwanda kobunzima ngosuku olunye okanye ezimbini. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu | Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu engenakuthomalaliswa naziipilisi zokudambisa iintlungu eziqhelekileyo. |
| Utshintsho lombono | Kuvakala ngathi izibane zibonakala phambi kwamehlo akho, ngathi amachaphaza amnyama ayadada, kwaye umbono wakho awubonakali kakuhle. |
| Intlungu yesisu | Intlungu, ingakumbi kwinxalenye ephezulu ngasekunene yesisu. |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza | Ukucaphuka okukhulu kunye nokuhlanza. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ukuziva kunzima ukuphefumla. |
| Ukuncipha kokuchama | Ukuchama okungaphantsi kokuqhelekileyo okanye ukungachami konke konke. |
Kodwa khumbula!Ngamanye amaxesha unokuba ne-preeclampsia ngaphandle kwempawu. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya ekliniki ngexesha kwaye uhlolwe uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nomchamo wakho.
Izizathu kunye nezinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-preeclampsia
Isizathu esichanekileyo soku asikaziwa okwangoku. Kodwa iingcali zikholelwa ukuba isizathu esiphambili kukuba i-placenta, eyondla umntwana, ayisebenzi kakuhle . Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho ukwehla kwegazi eliya esibelekweni. Kukwakho nefuthe lemfuza.
Jonga ezi nkcukacha ukuze ufumane ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nale meko:
- Izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko:
- Ukuba ukhe waba ne-preeclampsia kukukhulelwa kwangaphambili.
- Ukuba kukho abantwana abangaphezu komnye esibelekweni, njengamawele okanye amawele amathathu.
- Ukuba une-high blood pressure esele ikhona (i-Chronic hypertension).
- Ukuba unesifo sezintso.
- Ukuba unesifo seswekile .
- Ukuba unezifo zomzimba ezifana ne-lupus.
- Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko ngokubanzi:
- Ukuba oku kukukhulelwa kwakho kokuqala.
- Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-35 ubudala.
- Ukuba i-body mass index (BMI) ingaphezulu kwama-30 (ukutyeba kakhulu).
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho (umama, udade) oye waba ne-preeclampsia.
- Ukuba ukhulelwe ngetekhnoloji ye-IVF.
- Ukuba ukhe waba neengxaki ekukhulelweni kwangaphambili, njengokuba nomntwana onobunzima obuphantsi.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-preeclampsia?
Le yimeko enzima echaphazela umama nomntwana.
Iziphumo ezinokwenzeka kumntwana:
- Uthintelo Lokukhula Kwemveku: Ngenxa yokuncipha kwegazi eliya kwi-placenta, umntwana akafumani ioksijini kunye nezondlo azidingayo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umntwana akhule kakubi aze azalwe enobunzima obuphantsi.
- Ukuzalwa Kwangaphambi Kwexesha: Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba i-preeclampsia iba nkulu, umntwana kuya kufuneka azalwe ngaphambi komhla wokuzalwa. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki kumntwana, ezinje ngobunzima bokuphefumla, ukondla, kunye nokuphazamiseka kokubona nokuva.
Iziphumo ezinokwenzeka kumama:
- I-Eclampsia: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ukuxhuzula kwenzeka.
- I-HELLP Syndrome: Le yingxaki eyingozi kakhulu efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Igama elithi HELLP limele oku:
- I-Hemolysis (ukuqhekeka kweeseli zegazi)
- Ii-enzymes zesibindi eziphakamileyo
- Inani eliphantsi leeplatelet (ukwehla kweeplatelet zegazi - ukungasebenzi kakuhle kokujiya kwegazi)
- Ukonakala kwamanye amalungu omzimba: Izintso, isibindi, imiphunga, intliziyo, kunye nengqondo zinokonakala. Neemeko ezifana nestroke zinokwenzeka.
- Ukuqhawuka kwe-placenta: Ukwahlukana ngequbuliso kwe-placenta eludongeni lwesibeleko. Oku kusongela ubomi bomntwana.
Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ze-HELLP syndrome, ezinje ngokubona okufipheleyo, iintlungu eziqatha esifubeni okanye esiswini, intloko ebuhlungu, ukudinwa kakhulu, ukuhlanza, okanye ukopha kweentsini, yingxamiseko leyo. Yiya kwicandelo lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo esibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
Iphathwa njani?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, isisombululo esisisigxina se-preeclampsia kukuzala umntwana. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba lixesha elifanelekileyo lokubeleka umntwana wakho. Esi sigqibo siya kuxhomekeka ekubeni umntwana wakho uneeveki ezingaphi esibelekweni, impilo yomntwana, kunye nobunzima be-preeclampsia yakho.
- Ukuba umntwana ukhule kakuhle (kwiiveki ezingama-37 okanye kamva): Ugqirha unokugqiba ekubeni abeleke umntwana kwangethuba ngokubangela ukuba abeleke okanye enze i-cesarean section. Oku kunokuthintela ukuba imeko ingabi mandundu.
- Ukuba umntwana akakafiki ixesha elipheleleyo (ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-37): Ngaphandle kokuba imeko yakho imbi kakhulu (i-preeclampsia encinci), ugqirha wakho uya kuzama ukuvumela umntwana ukuba akhulele esibelekweni sakho ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngeli xesha, uya kugcinwa esibhedlele kwaye ujongwe ngokusondeleyo.
- Kuza kubonelelwa ngokuphumla ebhedini.
- Baza kukunika amayeza okulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi.
- Amayeza anjenge-magnesium sulfate aya kunikwa ukuthintela ukuba ingangeni.
- Kuza kunikwa inaliti ye-steroid ukunceda imiphunga yomntwana ikhule ngokukhawuleza.
- Uza kuhlolwa rhoqo ngegazi nomchamo kunye nee-ultrasound scans ukujonga imeko yomntwana.
Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, umntwana usenokufuneka azalwe ngoko nangoko, nokuba umntwana uneeveki ezingaphi na ezikhulelweyo.
Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela oku?
Nangona ingenakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo, umngcipheko ungancitshiswa. Ukuba usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-preeclampsia, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uthathe i-aspirin yomlinganiselo ophantsi imihla ngemihla ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, ungaze uthathe naluphi na unyango ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho kuqala.
Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Ukuba utyebile kakhulu, lawula ubunzima bakho.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya.
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo.
- Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Preeclampsia yimeko ebonakaliswa luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye neproteni kumchamo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukudumba nako luphawu oluqhelekileyo.
- Oku kunokuba yingozi kumama nakumntwana, ngoko ke qaphela iimpawu.
- Le meko inokwenzeka ngaphandle kwempawu. Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba uya kuzo zonke iikliniki.
- Unyango oluhlala luhleli lwe-preeclampsia kukuzala umntwana.
- Ukuba uva intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, utshintsho lombono, okanye intlungu kwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesisu sakho, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
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