Funda ngonyango lweHerceptin (Trastuzumab) lomhlaza webele one-HER2

Xa wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho efunyaniswa ukuba unomhlaza webele, kunzima ukuchaza uloyiko kunye nokuxhalaba okuzivayo. Lixesha elichaphazela iimvakalelo kakhulu. Kodwa, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ngesayensi yezonyango ephucukileyo esinayo ngoku, singaba nethemba. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi, njengohlobo lomhlaza onawo, ubudala bakho, kunye nokuba unezinye izifo, ukuze akhethe ezona ndlela zonyango zilungileyo kuwe. Umhlaza webele uhlala unyangwa ngokudibanisa utyando, i-chemotherapy, kunye ne-radiation.

Namhlanje sithetha ngonyango olwahlukileyo kancinci noluthe ngqo. Olu lubizwa ngokuba "lunyango olujoliswe kulo ." IHerceptin yenye yezo ziyobisi. Igama layo lezonyango yiTrastuzumab . Usenokuba ukhe weva ibizwa ngamanye amagama afana neKanjinti, Herzuma, Ogivri. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-"biosimilars." Ngamafutshane, ezi ziikopi zebhayoloji zeyeza elifanayo neHerceptin.

Yintoni iTargeted Therapy kunye neHerceptin?

Cinga nje, amayeza e-chemotherapy aqhelekileyo awachaphazeli kuphela iiseli zomhlaza, kodwa neeseli eziphilileyo ezahlukana ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa unyango olujoliswe kulo alunjalo. Asebenza ngokujolisa kwiindawo ezithile. La mayeza alawula iiproteni ezithile ezinceda iiseli zomhlaza zikhule kwaye zisasazeke. Yiyo loo nto engasebenzi kuzo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza. Iproteni ejoliswa kuyo iyeza kufuneka ibe khona ngobuninzi kwezo seli zomhlaza.

Iyeza iHerceptin lijolise kwiproteni ebizwa ngokuba yiHER2 . (Igama elipheleleyo lale nto yi-'human epidermal growth factor receptor 2'). Ngoko ke, ukuba le protein yeHER2 iveliswa ngokugqithisileyo kwiiseli zomhlaza, sibiza olo hlobo lomhlaza webele ngokuba yi-'HER2-positive'. Unyango lweHerceptin lunikwa kuphela abo luhlobo lomhlaza webele lwe-'HER2-positive'.

Isebenza njani le Herceptin ngaphakathi emzimbeni?

Ukuze siqonde oku, masiqale sijonge ukuba yintoni i-HER2. I-HER2 yi-receptor kumphezulu weeseli. Cinga ngayo njenge-antenna encinci kumphezulu weseli. Ezi antenna zezona zifumana imiqondiso evela ngaphandle kweseli kwaye zisebenze kuyo. Kwiseli ephilileyo, ii-HER2 receptors zikho ukulawula ukukhula kweeseli.

Kodwa kukho into eyahlukileyo eyenzekayo kwiiseli zomhlaza ze-'HER2-positive'. Ezi seli zinekopi ezongezelelweyo zeejini ezenza iproteni ye-HER2. Ngoko ke, ezi seli zenza iproteni ye-HER2 eninzi kakhulu. Kufana nokuba kukho ii-antenna ezininzi kakhulu kwiseli. Emva koko, iiseli zomhlaza zifumana imiqondiso emininzi kakhulu yokuba "zikhule, zahlulwe," kwaye zikhula ngaphandle kolawulo, ngokukhawuleza.

Ngaba unyango lweHerceptin lufanelekile kumhlaza wam?

Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba umhlaza wakho webele 'une-HER2-negative', oko kuthetha ukuba iiseli zomhlaza azinazo iiproteni ze-HER2 ezongezelelweyo, ngoko unyango lwe-Herceptin aluyi kusebenza. Uninzi lomhlaza webele 'une-HER2-negative'. Malunga nama-20% ane-HER2-positive. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomhlaza onalo ngovavanyo.

Unyango lweHerceptin lusetyenziswa kwizigaba zokuqala zomhlaza webele, kunye nakwizigaba eziphambili apho umhlaza usasazeke khona (i-metastatic).

• Kwisigaba sokuqala somhlaza: Ukuba umhlaza wakho une-HER2-positive kwaye ukwisigaba sokuqala, iHerceptin inikwa ukuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi emva kotyando. Oku kudla ngokunikezelwa nge-chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-endocrine. Olu nyango lunokwenzeka ukuba lunikwe ukuba umhlaza mkhulu okanye usasazeke kwiindawo ze-lymph.

• Kumhlaza oqhubele phambili: Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba (i-metastatic), iHerceptin inokunceda ekumiseni okanye ekucothiseni ukukhula kwawo . Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ithumba likhulu kakhulu ukuba lingasuswa ngotyando, iHerceptin kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango zinokulinciphisa ngaphambi kotyando.

Yintoni omele uyilindele xa ufumana unyango?

IHerceptin inikwa njenge- infusion (efakwa nge-intravenous - IV) emthanjeni. Inikwa njengesisombululo se-saline. Oku kwenziwa kuba iyeza kufuneka lifakwe ngqo egazini. Lingathatha imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-90 ukugqitywa.

Kukwakho nohlobo lwale nto olunikwa njengenaliti. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Herceptin Hylecta'. Izifundo zibonise ukuba le ndlela isebenza kakuhle njenge-IV. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.

Ixesha omele ulithathe kwaye kangaphi iHerceptin ixhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza wakho kunye namanye amayeza owasebenzisayo. Ukuba umhlaza sele uqhubele phambili (usuqalile ukusasazeka), kunokufuneka uqhubeke nonyango logama nje iyeza lisebenza kwaye akukho miphumo mibi.

Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho rhoqo ngaphambi nangexesha lonyango lweHerceptin, njengoko eli yeza ngamanye amaxesha linokuchaphazela intliziyo.

Ukongeza koku, ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwenzeka. Ke ngoko, ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango, kufuneka ufunde ngononophelo ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele kwaye nini na ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Unyango lweHerceptin alunikwa abafazi abakhulelweyo okanye abazama ukukhulelwa.

Luphumelele kangakanani olu nyango?

IHerceptin liyeza elaguqula unyango lomhlaza webele one-HER2 emva kokuba livunyiwe ngo-1998.

• Kumhlaza oqhubele phambili: I-Herceptin, xa inikwa yodwa okanye nge-chemotherapy, inokucothisa ukukhula komhlaza kwaye incede izigulane ziphile ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha iyeza linokusebenza okwethutyana lize liyeke ukusebenza.

• Kwisifo somhlaza esikwinqanaba lokuqala: Kulapho ke kufumaneka khona impumelelo enkulu. Izifundo zibonise ukuba ukongeza iHerceptin kwi-chemotherapy emva kotyando kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokubuya komhlaza malunga nama-50% . Oku kuthetha ukuba abafazi abaninzi abathatha iHerceptin baphila ixesha elide ngaphandle komhlaza.

Nangona unyango luqala lunikwe unyaka okanye emibini, izifundo zakutshanje zibonisa ukuba kubantu abaninzi, ukuthatha iHerceptin kangangeenyanga ezi-6 kwanele. Ezi ziindaba ezimnandi kwabo baxhalabileyo ngemiphumo emibi.