Masifunde ngakumbi ngokukhohlela okungapheliyo (iPertussis) ngoko nangoko. Ungakhathazeki, olu lwazi lulungele wena!

Ngaba wena okanye umntwana wakho omncinci ninokukhwehlela okungapheliyo kule mihla okungapheliyo? Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqale njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Kodwa ukuba kujika kube kukukhwehlela okuqatha nokungapheliyo emva kweveki okanye ezimbini, kusenokuba kukukhwehlela okungapheliyo (iPertussis) . Olu luhlobo losulelo olusasazeka kakhulu kwindlela yokuphefumla ephezulu, oko kukuthi umphimbo nempumlo. Lunokuchaphazela iintsana, abantwana, kunye nabantu abadala ngokufanayo. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha, akunjalo?

Yintoni kanye kanye iPertussis?

Ngamafutshane, ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo sisifo sokuphefumla esosulelayo kakhulu . Oogqirha basibiza ngokuba yi-"Pertussis." Abanye abantu basibiza ngokuba yi-"100-day cough" kuba iimpawu ngamanye amaxesha zinokuhlala iiveki okanye iinyanga ngaphambi kokuba uphile ngokupheleleyo.

Ekuqaleni, kuvakala ngathi ngumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Kodwa emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, kuqala ukukhwehlela okukhulu. Oogqirha babiza ezi "paroxysms" okanye "iziphene zokukhwehlela." Ezi ziphiwo zokukhwehlela zinokwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukutya, ukuphefumla, kunye nokulala. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa uzama ukuphefumla emva kokukhwehlela, ungenza isandi esiphezulu esithi "whoop". Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi "Whooping Cough". Nangona kunjalo, iintsana ezincinci zinokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla nangona zingakhohlelanga .

Zithini iimpawu zokukhwehlela okungapheliyo? Kwenzeka njani?

Iimpawu zokukhohlela okungapheliyo ziqala ngokuba ngumkhuhlane, emva koko ziqhubeke zibe kukukhohlela okuqatha. Oku kwenzeka ngamanqanaba amathathu aphambili.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba umntwana wakho ukhohlela kakhulu, ujika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/ngwevu emlonyeni, kwaye/okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla, mse esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Oku kungaba yingxamiseko.

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba zeziphi ezi zigaba zintathu:

1. Ngexesha leempawu zomkhuhlane

2. Ixesha lokukhohlela kakhulu

3. Ixesha lokuchacha kancinci kancinci

Inqanaba loku-1: Ixesha apho iimpawu zomkhuhlane zibonakala khona

Eli xesha lithatha malunga neveki okanye ezimbini. Kulapho wena okanye umntwana wakho ninokuthi nisasaze esi sifo kwabanye. Kodwa unokucinga ukuba ngumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo. Iimpawu ngeli xesha ziquka:

• Ukuxinana kwempumlo
• I-Mucus (ukukhupha i-mucus)
• Umqala obuhkungu
• Iinyembezi ziphuma emehlweni
• Ukukhwehlela okuncinci ekuqaleni kwaye kancinci kancinci kuyanda
• Umkhuhlane ophantsi (ngaphantsi kwama-38 degrees Celsius / 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit) okanye ubushushu bomzimba obuqhelekileyo
• Ukuziva ungaphili kakuhle, ungafuni kwenza nto (ukungabi namdla)

Izinto ezinokwenzeka kumntwana omncinci ngeli xesha:

• Kunokuba nzima ukuphefumla.
• Ukuphefumla kungayeka okwethutyana (i-apnea).
• Usenokubona ukuba umntwana unengxaki yokuphefumla. Kusenokuvakala ngathi ungena esiswini sakho, ngathi uzama ukuphefumla.
• Ulusu, ingakumbi imilebe ejikeleze umlomo, lunokuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ngwevu (cyanosis) ngenxa yokunqongophala komoya-mpilo. Olu luphawu oluyingozi.

Inqanaba lesi-2: Iimpawu zokukhohlela eziqatha

Isigaba sesibini sidla ngokuthatha malunga neveki enye ukuya kwezintandathu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha sinokuthatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezilishumi. Ngeli xesha, iindlela zakho zomoya zizala yi-mucus etyebileyo, uze uqale ukukhohlela kakhulu (i-paroxysms). Nantsi into eyenzekayo:

• Ukukhohlela kwenzeka xa ukhohlela imizuzu eliqela ngexesha.
• Xa uzama ukuphefumla xa ukhohlela, ungenza isandi esithi "whoop" esiphezulu (kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu osenza esi sandi).
• Emva kokukhohlela kancinci, unokuhlanza okanye uzive udiniwe kakhulu. Khawucinge ukuba oku kuya kuba nzima kangakanani kumntwana omncinci.
• Olu phawu lokukhohlela lunokwenzeka xa ulila, usitya, okanye uhleka.
• Ukukhohlela kwenzeka emini nasebusuku, kodwa ukukhohlela kunokuba kubi ngakumbi ebusuku.

Ekuqaleni, ezi mpawu zokukhohlela ziza rhoqo, emva koko ziyeke, zize ziqale ukuncipha kancinci kancinci.

Inqanaba lesi-3: Ixesha lokuchacha kancinci kancinci

Eli nqanaba lingathatha iiveki ezintandathu. Ngeli xesha, usenokungabi namaxesha okukhohlela aqatha owawunawo ngaphambili, kodwa usenokuba nokukhohlela okuncinci ngamanye amaxesha. Ukukhohlela kwakho kuya kuncipha kancinci kancinci.

Kodwa khumbula, nangona uzive ungcono, umzimba wakho usaphila ngeli xesha. Ngoko ke unokuba sesichengeni sokufumana ezinye izifo zokuphefumla. Ngoko ke zama ukulumkela iintsholongwane. Ukuba ufumana esinye isifo, ezo mpawu zokukhohlela zimbi zinokubuya.

Isandi esithi "whoop" sivela njani?

I-Whooping cough ifumene igama layo kuba abanye abantu benza isandi esithi "whoop" xa bekhohlela. Xa ukhohlela rhoqo, kunzima kakhulu ukuphefumla. Xa ekugqibeleni uzama ukuphefumla, kunokuvakala ngathi "whoop" ephezulu okanye isandi sokuphefumla. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana isandi esithi "whoop". Ngoko ke musa ukucinga ukuba ukuba awuvezi isandi akuthethi ukuba asikuko ukukhohlela.

Yintoni ebangela ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo?

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo kubangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiBordetella pertussis . Le ntsholongwane ichaphazela ulwelo lwendlela yakho yomoya, ibangele ukuba idumbe. Oku kudumba kubangela ukuba i-mucus iqokeleleke, nto leyo ebangela ukukhohlela okukhulu.

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo kusasazeka ngamathontsi okuphefumla aphuma xa umntu ekhohlela okanye ethimla. Iimpawu zihlala ziqala kwiintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezilishumi emva kokubonakaliswa kwesi sifo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokuthatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezingama-21.

Ngaba ukukhwehlela okukruqulayo kuyasulela?

Ewe, esi sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu. Oko kuthetha ukuba sisasazeka lula ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Kukho amathuba aphezulu okuba usifumane kumntu ohlala naye. Abantwana banokufumana esi sifo kubahlobo esikolweni nakwiiklasi.

Ungosulela ukususela kwixesha iimpawu zakho ziqala ngalo ukuya kwiiveki ezintathu emva kokuba ukhwehlele. Umzekelo, ukuba ubuneempawu zomkhuhlane kangangeveki ngaphambi kokuba ukhwehlele, uza kusulela malunga neeveki ezine xa zizonke.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zokukhwehlela okungapheliyo?

Oku akusikho nje ukukhwehlela nje, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu, ingakumbi kwiintsana ezincinci.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kwiintsana nakubantwana abancinci:

• Usulelo lwendlebe
• Ukopha empumlweni
• Ukungondleki kakuhle – ngenxa yokungakwazi ukutya, ukuhlanza
• Isifo semiphunga (`(Isifo semiphunga)`)
• Iingxaki zokusebenza kwengqondo (encephalopathy), ezinokubangela umonakalo osisigxina engqondweni okanye nokufa.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kwimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi ukuya emiphungeni (pulmonary hypertension)
• Ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumla

Iingxaki zinzima kakhulu kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12 ubudala. Iintsana ezikule minyaka zisengozini yokulaliswa esibhedlele ngenxa yesifo sokuphefumla. Zisengozini enkulu yokufumana iingxaki ezinkulu okanye ukufa:

• Kwiintsana ezingagonywanga (okanye ukuba umama akazange agonywe ngexesha lokukhulelwa)
• Kwabantwana abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka
• Kwabantwana abane-asthma enzima

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kubantu abancinci nakubantu abadala:

• Ukwaphuka kombambo (ngenxa yokukhohlela kakhulu)
• Usulelo lwendlebe
• Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo (ngenxa yokukhohlela)
• Iintloko ezibuhlungu
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo)
• Isifo semiphunga (`(Isifo semiphunga)`)
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngokungalindelekanga

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-whooping cough?

Nantsi indlela oogqirha abaxilonga ngayo ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo:

• Kwenziwe uvavanyo lomzimba.
• Ndivile ngeempawu zakho.
• Isampuli ye-mucus evela ngaphakathi empumlweni nasemqaleni (i-"nasopharyngeal swab") iyathathwa ize ithunyelwe kwilebhu.

Ukuba ubukhe wadibana nomntu onesikhwehlela esingapheliyo okanye umntu onesikhwehlela esingapheliyo, xelela ugqirha wakho. Olu lwazi luya kunceda ekuxilongweni kwesi sifo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zokunyanga ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo (iPertussis)?

Oogqirha banyanga ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo ngee-antibiotics, ezifana ne-azithromycin, i-clarithromycin, okanye i-erythromycin. Kufuneka uthathe amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela. Okukhona uqala ukuthatha ii-antibiotics ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona ziya kukunceda ngakumbi.

Kubalulekile: Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awayi kuyithintela okanye ayiphelise intsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, aya kuyithintela ekusasazeni isifo kwabanye abantu. Ukuba athathwa kwangethuba, anokunciphisa neempawu zakho kancinci.

Ukuba umntwana wakho ugula kakhulu, kunokufuneka alaliswe esibhedlele ukuze ajongwe. Apho, iqela lezonyango linokujonga ngononophelo ukuphefumla komntwana, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, limnike ioksijini kunye netyuwa.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Umntwana wakho, bonana nogqirha wabantwana kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba umntwana akagonyelwanga ngokufanelekileyo i-"Pertussis".
• Ukuba umntwana ukhe wadibana nomntu onesifo sokukhwehlela.
• Ukuba umntwana ukhwehlela kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ahlanze.
• Ukuba kukho umkhuhlane kunye nokukhwehlela.
• Ukuba awukwazi ukugcina ubisi, ubisi oluyimpuphu, okanye ukutya ngendlela efanelekileyo (ngenxa yokuhlanza).

Ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuphefumla okanye ulusu lwakhe luba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/ngwevu (jonga imilebe yakhe, iiminwe yakhe), fowunela u-911 ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwicandelo lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo esibhedlele elikufutshane.

Ukuba wena (umntu omdala) u:

• Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nogonyo.
• Ukuba ukhe wadibana nomntu onesifo sokukhwehlela.
• Ukuba uneempawu zokukhwehlela okungapheliyo.
• Ukuba zintsha, kuvela iimpawu ezingachazwanga.
• Ukuba ufumana iintlungu esifubeni xa ukhohlela okanye uphefumla nzulu (oku kungaba luphawu lwe-pneumonia).

Ngaba ukukhwehlela okukrwitshayo kunokuthintelwa?

Ewe, ngandlela ithile. Iigonyo zePertussis zinokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana usulelo okanye ukuba neempawu eziqatha ukuba uyayifumana. Igonyo le-DTaP labantwana kunye negonyo le-Tdap labantwana abakwishumi elivisayo, abafazi abakhulelweyo, kunye nabantu abadala zinceda ekuthinteleni i-pertussis. Nangona kunjalo, okukhona ulinda ixesha elide ukususela kwigonyo lakho lokugqibela, kokukhona igonyo lingasebenzi kakuhle. Ngoko ke buza ugqirha wakho ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nifanele niyifumane nini igonyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banika amayeza okuthintela ukukhwehlela . La ngamayeza anikwa abantu abaye bachaphazeleka kukukhwehlela kodwa abakabi nazo iimpawu. Anokunceda ukuthintela ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela.

Ugqirha wakho angakunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anje ngala:

• Ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokugula kakhulu ngenxa yokukhohlela okungapheliyo.
• Ukuba uchitha ixesha nabantu abasenokugula kakhulu ngenxa yokukhohlela okungapheliyo (umz. abantwana abancinci).

Khumbula, iindlela ezilula zempilo ezifana nokuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle zinokunceda ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwezifo zokuphefumla.

Ndingalindela ntoni ukuba ndifumana `(iPertussis)`?

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo kunokukwenza ungakhululeki kangangeeveki okanye iinyanga. Kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba umzimba wakho wakha amandla okuzikhusela kwintsholongwane `(Bordetella pertussis)`. Ngoko ke, okwethutyana - ezinye iingcali zithi naphi na ukusuka kwiminyaka emine ukuya kwengamashumi amabini - awuyi kuphinda ufumane ukukhwehlela kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko loo mandla okuzikhusela encipha ngokuhamba kwexesha, ungaphinda ufumane kwakhona kwixesha elizayo.

Umntwana wakho, ingakumbi ukuba usemncinane kakhulu, unokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele.

Kuza kukhuseleka nini ukubuyela kwisikolo sabantwana abancinci, esikolweni, okanye emsebenzini?

Kuxhomekeke kwimeko. Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nithatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, ngesiqhelo emva kweentsuku ezintlanu zonyangoKukhuselekile ukubuyela kwakhona. Ngaphandle koko, usenokuba nosulelo kangangeeveki ezintathu emva kokuqala kokukhwehlela. Ngoko ke kungcono ukulandela icebiso likagqirha wakho.

Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndifumane isiqabu?

Ezi zinto zinokukunceda uzive ungcono kancinci - mhlawumbi zinciphise nokukhwehlela kwakho ebusuku:

• Thabatha ubusi. Oku kunokunceda ukuthomalalisa ukukhwehlela kwakho. Kodwa kukhuselekile kuphela kubantu abadala nakubantwana abangaphezu konyaka omnye ubudala. Ungaze unike ubusi umntwana ongaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala (ngenxa yomngcipheko wesifo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuba yi-botulism).
• Ukuphumla. Ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo kunceda umzimba wakho uphile.
• Sela ulwelo oluninzi. Ukusela ulwelo kunokunceda ukunciphisa ulwelo olubangela ukukhohlela kwakho.
• Sebenzisa isixhobo sokupholisa imiphunga. Oku kunokunceda ukukhulula i-mucus.
• Yitya ukutya okuncinci rhoqo. Ukutya ukutya okuncinci kunokutya ukutya okukhulu ngaxeshanye kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukuhlanza.
• Ziphephe izinto ezikwenza ukhohlele (`(ezikucaphukisayo)`). Izinto ezinje ngothuli, umsi, kunye nomsi weekhemikhali ovela kwezinye iimveliso zokucoca zingenza ukukhohlela kwakho kube kubi ngakumbi.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, `(Pertussis)` okanye ``ukukhwehlela kweentsuku ezili-100'', nokuba kubizwa njani, olu sulelo lokuphefumla lunokuba nzima kakhulu kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho. Ngoko ke khumbula ezi zinto:

• Oku akusikho ukukhwehlela nje: kunokuba yingozi, ingakumbi kwiintsana ezincinci.
• Kubalulekile ukugonywa: Iigonyo ze-DTaP kunye ne-Tdap zibonelela ngokhuseleko olukhulu. Qinisekisa ukuba wena kunye negonyo lomntwana wakho nihlaziyiwe.
• Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza: Ukuba uneempawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, ukuba aqaliswe kwangethuba, anokuthintela ukusasazeka kwesi sifo.
• Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kwiintsana: Ukuba umntwana ukhohlela rhoqo, kunzima ukuphefumla, okanye ulusu lwakhe luba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/ngwevu, yiya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
• Lumka xa usaphila: Zikhusele kwezinye izifo ude uphile ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuba umntwana wakho ukhwehlela ixesha elide kwaye unamandla, kusoloko kuyinto entle ukuthetha nogqirha wabantwana. Ugqirha angafumanisa ukuba kukho ukukhwehlela okanye olunye usulelo. Uya kukwazi ukukunika unyango olufunekayo aze akucebise ngendlela yokunyamekela umntwana wakho ade aphile. Hlala usempilweni!

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo , iPertussis, Izifo ezosulelayo, Ukukhohlela, Izifo zokuphefumla, Impilo yomntwana, Ukugonywa