Ngaba nawe uziva ubuhlungu kule mihla? Ngaba unomkhuhlane onomkhuhlane, ukukhohlela, okanye impumlo egobhozayo? Umele ukuba ukhe wabona umntu ekhaya, umhlobo eofisini, okanye umntwana enale ngxaki. Le yimeko esiyaziyo sonke njenge-'viral flu' okanye ngokwezonyango ebizwa ngokuba yi-flu okanye i-influenza. Le yingxaki enzulu ngakumbi kunomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula namhlanje.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-influenza?
Ngamafutshane, umkhuhlane lusulelo lwenkqubo yokuphefumla, oluyimpumlo, umphimbo, kunye nemiphunga, olubangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-influenza . Xa le ntsholongwane ingena emzimbeni, ibangela iimpawu ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu zomzimba, umphimbo obuhlungu, umkhuhlane, kunye nokukhwehlela. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinokuba nzima kakhulu.
ESri Lanka, sinemvula eninzi kunye nemozulu ebandayo, oko kukuthi, ngexesha lemvula, usenokuba ubonile ukuba olu hlobo lomkhuhlane wentsholongwane lusasazeka rhoqo. Ngeli xesha, abantu abaninzi banokosulelwa sesi sifo ngaxeshanye.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi komkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo?
Le yinto abantu abaninzi abajongene nayo. Usenokuba uzibuza, "Ngaba ndinomkhuhlane okanye i-flu?" Nangona iimpawu zazo zombini zifana kancinci, kukho umahluko omkhulu.
Cinga ngale ndlela: umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo yinto encinci ebangela ukucaphuka. Unempumlo egobhozayo, ukuthimla, kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu kancinci kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa usenokuqhubeka nomsebenzi wakho. Kodwa umkhuhlane awunjalo. Yinto ebangela ukucaphuka okukhulu. Ungaziva ubuthathaka ngequbuliso kwaye ube nobunzima bokuvuka ebhedini.
Masiwuqonde ngokucacileyo lo mahluko kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uphawu | Umkhuhlane (Umkhuhlane) | Okubandayo Okunye |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuqala kweempawu | Iqala ngequbuliso, ngequbuliso. | Iqala kancinci kancinci, kancinci kancinci. |
| Ifiva | Kudla ngokubakho umkhuhlane ophezulu. | Umkhuhlane awufane uvele, kodwa ngumkhuhlane ophantsi. |
| Intlungu yomzimba | Umzimba wam ubuhlungu kakhulu. | Usenokuba neentlungu zomzimba ezincinci. |
| Ukudinwa/ukudinwa | Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu. | Ndidla ngokuziva ndidiniwe kancinci. |
| Ukukhwehlela | Amaxesha amaninzi kukho ukukhwehlela okomileyo, okunokuba nzima kakhulu. | Kusenokubakho ukukhwehlela okune-mucus. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu | Ihlala isenzeka intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu. | Intloko ebuhlungu ayifumaneki rhoqo. |
Yintoni umahluko phakathi komkhuhlane kunye ne-COVID-19?
Ekubeni iimpawu zazo zombini zifana kakhulu, kunzima ukutsho ngqo ukuba yeyiphi ebangela ezi mpawu zombini ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zodwa. Oku kunokufunyanwa kuphela ngovavanyo lwezonyango. Ekubeni ezi ntsholongwane zimbini zahlukile, unyango olunikiweyo nalo lwahlukile. Ngoko ke ukuba unengxaki, ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha uze uhlolwe.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana iingxaki ezivela kumkhuhlane?
Xa ufumana umkhuhlane, abanye abantu baya kuphila njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, kodwa abanye banokuba neengxaki ezinkulu ezifuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele. Kukho amaqela aliqela asengozini enkulu.
| Udidi lomngcipheko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ubudala | Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala kunye nabantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Bobabini aba bantu banamandla omzimba abuthathaka. |
| Oomama abakhulelweyo | Umngcipheko uphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngenxa yotshintsho kwindlela umzimba osebenza ngayo. |
| Abantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo |
|
| Ukutyeba kakhulu | Kwabo bane-body mass index (BMI) engaphezulu kwama-30. |
| Okunye | Abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-19 ubudala abasebenzisa i-aspirin ixesha elide, kunye nabo bahlala kumakhaya abantu abadala. |
Umkhuhlane usasazeka njani?
Umkhuhlane sisifo esisasazeka lula ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye . Khawuthelekelele ukhwele ibhasi ezele ngabantu. Ukuba umntu okufutshane nawe unomkhuhlane, xa ekhohlela, ethimla, okanye ethetha, amathontsi amancinci emlonyeni nasempumlweni anokungena empumlweni okanye emlonyeni wakho.
Ayipheleli apho,
- Ukuba uchukumisa izinto ezifana nezibambo zomnyango, iitafile, iikhompyutha, kunye neefowuni ezichukunyiswe sisigulana, uze uchukumise ubuso bakho, impumlo, okanye umlomo ngesandla esifanayo, intsholongwane ingangena emzimbeni wakho.
- Kusenokwenzeka ukuba wosulelwe ngale ndlela emva kokuba uxhawulane nomntu onesifo.
Iimpawu zihlala ziqala ukubonakala phakathi kosuku olu-1 ukuya kolu-4 emva kokuba intsholongwane ingene emzimbeni.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zomkhuhlane?
Ixesha elininzi, umntu ophilileyo unokuchacha kwi-flu ekhaya ngaphandle kwamayeza akhethekileyo, ngokuphumla nokusela ulwelo. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, oogqirha banika amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane.
Ngubani onikwa amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane?
- Eli yeza lisebenza kakuhle xa lithathwa kwiiyure ezingama-48 (iintsuku ezi-2) emva kokuqala kweempawu.
- Ukuba ungomnye wamaqela asemngciphekweni akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla.
- Ukuba iimpawu zinzima kakhulu .
- Ukuba unyamekela okanye uhlala nomntu okwiqela elisengozini enkulu.
Amanye amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane acetyiswa ngoogqirha yi `(Oseltamivir - Tamiflu®)`, `(Zanamivir - Relenza®)`. La mayeza afanele athathwe kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha .
Ungazilawula njani iimpawu ekhaya?
Ukuba awunangxaki ingako, ungenza ezi zinto usekhaya kwaye ufumane isiqabu.
- Phumla ngokwaneleyo: Hlala ebhedini. Nika umzimba wakho amandla okulwa nesi sifo.
- Sela iziselo ezininzi: Sela iziselo ezininzi ezifana namanzi, umhluzi, isuphu, kunye nejusi yeziqhamo. Oku kuya kunceda ukuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
- Ngomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba: Ungathatha isithomalalisi sentlungu esifana neParacetamol ngokucetyiswa ngugqirha. Ungaze unike abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16 ubudala i-Aspirin ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Ukucinezela okushushu: Ukufaka ibhotile yamanzi ashushu kwiindawo ezibuhlungu emzimbeni kunokubonelela ngoncedo.
- Xa kukhohlela kwaye kukho umphimbo obuhlungu: Ukufutha ngamanzi ashushu kunye nokugabha ngamanzi anetyuwa kunokunceda.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba unengxaki, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha. Musa ukuya ekhemesti uyokuthenga naliphi na iyeza olithandayo.
Ungabosulela abanye ixesha elingakanani emva kokuba unesifo somkhuhlane?
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ungasasaza umkhuhlane komnye umntu ukususela ngosuku olungaphambi kokuba uqale ukuba neempawu ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-7 emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile . Iintsuku zokuqala ezi-3-4 emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile zezona zosulela kakhulu.
Ngoko ke, ukuba uneflu,
- Kuphephe ukuya emsebenzini okanye esikolweni.
- Musa ukuthatha amayeza okunciphisa umkhuhlane, kwaye hlala ekhaya uphumle ude ungabi namkhuhlane ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-24 .
- Hlala kude nabanye abantu.
Ixesha lokufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza
Iimpawu zomkhuhlane zihlala ziphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo ziqatha, musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
| Iimpawu zesilumkiso - yiya kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko! | |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphefumla nzima. |
| Intlungu yesifuba okanye yesisu | Intlungu enzima nengapheliyo. |
| Ukudideka okanye ukulahlekelwa zingqondo | Ukudinwa rhoqo, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo. |
| Ukuxhuzula | Ukuba nemeko efana neyomzimba oqinileyo. |
| Imilebe okanye ulusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Olu luphawu lokunqongophala kweoksijini emzimbeni (iCyanosis). |
| Ukuphinda kweempawu | Iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane nokukhwehlela ziyaphela kancinci, emva koko ziphinde zivele. |
Ungazikhusela njani kumkhuhlane?
Bathi, “Ukuthintela kungcono kunokunyanga.” Ngoko ke kukho izinto ezininzi esinokuzenza ukuthintela ukufumana umkhuhlane.
- Fumana iGonyo loMkhuhlane: Olu lolona khuselo lubalaseleyo. Ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane yomkhuhlane itshintsha rhoqo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufumane igonyo rhoqo ngonyaka . Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abakumaqela asengozini enkulu.
- Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo: Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi. Sebenzisa isicoci sezandla esisekelwe kutywala xa isepha namanzi zingafumaneki.
- Kuphephe ukuchukumisa ubuso bakho: Soloko uphepha ukuchukumisa amehlo, impumlo, nomlomo ngezandla zakho.
- Gquma umlomo wakho nempumlo xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla: Gquma umlomo wakho nempumlo ngethishu okanye itshefu. Ukuba awunayo, khwehlela engqinibeni yakho. Musa ukukhwehlela esandleni sakho.
- Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo: Ukuba uyagula, hlala kude nabanye. Ukuba abanye bayagula, hlala kude nabo.
- Musa ukwabelana ngezitya: Musa ukwabelana ngezitya zokutya nokusela, ezifana neepleyiti, iikomityi, kunye neepuni, nabanye.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umkhuhlane lusulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane olunokuba yingozi ngakumbi kunomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
- Ingakumbi abantwana abancinci, abantu abadala, oomama abakhulelweyo, kunye nabantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo kufuneka balumke kakhulu ngale nto.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo, ukusela iziselo, kunye nokufumana iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo zonyango.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezinzima ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, okanye ukudideka, yiya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukufumana ugonyo lomkhuhlane yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwesi sifo.
- Ukuba uyagula, hlala ekhaya uphumle ukuze uthintele ukusasaza esi sifo kwabanye. Hlala ulandela icebiso likagqirha wakho.
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