Uyakhumbula "umkhuhlane weengulube" owawuthethwa lihlabathi liphela kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-H1N1 flu, okanye (Swine Flu). Ngaphambili, esi sifo sasibangelwa ngabantu ababenobudlelwane obusondeleyo neengulube, yiyo loo nto sabizwa njalo. Kodwa malunga nowama-2009, kwavela uhlobo olutsha lwentsholongwane, olwasasazeka ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwabantu ababengenabudlelwane neengulube. Ngelo xesha, i-World Health Organisation (WHO) nayo yayibiza ngokuba yi-(bhubhane). Ngoku akukho nto yokoyika njengaleyo, kodwa lo mkhuhlane we-H1N1 usephakathi kwabantu. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.
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Isasazeka njani le H1N1 flu?
Kulula kakhulu. Kufana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Xa umntu onentsholongwane ye-H1N1 ekhohlela okanye ethimla, amathontsi amancinci anentsholongwane akhutshwa emoyeni. Ukuba umntu okufutshane uphefumla loo moya, unokosuleleka.
Khawucinge nje ukuba usebhasini. Umntu onomkhuhlane uhleli kancinci phambi kwakho aze athimle. Ukuba ukhohlela engawugqumanga umlomo wakhe, intsholongwane iya kusasazeka kuso sonke isihlalo esiphambi kwakhe, kunye nocingo aluphetheyo. Emva koko ukuba uchukumisa loo ntambo uze uchukumise amehlo akho, impumlo, okanye umlomo wakho ngeso sandla sinye, intsholongwane iya kungena emzimbeni wakho. Uyaqonda?
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba umntu angasasaza intsholongwane ukususela kusuku olunye ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu zibonakale ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezisi-7 emva kokuba ukugula kuqalile. Abantwana abancinci banokusasaza intsholongwane ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezili-10.
Enye into, nangona ibizwa ngokuba yi "swine flu," ukutya nayiphi na imveliso yehagu, efana nehagu, ibhekoni, okanye iham, akusisasazi esi sifo. Musa ukukhathazeka ngaloo nto.
Zithini iimpawu zomkhuhlane we-H1N1?
Iimpawu zifana kakhulu nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo wexesha lonyaka esiwaziyo sonke. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha xa ufumana i-H1N1, unokufumana izinto ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu kunye nokuhlanza okungaphezulu kunokuba kunjalo nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
Makhe sijonge ngokusondeleyo ukuba zeziphi ezi mpawu kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukukhwehlela | Kusenokubakho ukukhwehlela okomileyo okanye okunezikhwehlela. |
| Ifiva | Ukwanda kobushushu bomzimba kunye nokuziva udiniwe. |
| Umqala obuhkungu | Umphimbo obuhlungu, utshintsho kwilizwi. |
| IsiSotu | Ukuxinana kwempumlo okanye impumlo egobhozayo. |
| Intlungu yomzimba | Ubuhlungu emzimbeni wonke, ingakumbi izihlunu. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu | Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu. |
| Ubusika | Ndiziva ndibanda kwaye ndingcangcazela. |
| Ukudinwa | Ndiziva ndidiniwe kangangokuba andikwazi kwenza nto. |
Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza?
Njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, i-H1N1 ngamanye amaxesha inokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu ngakumbi njenge -pneumonia . Kwakhona, ukuba unezinye izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye i-asthma, i-H1N1 ingenza ezo meko zibe zimbi ngakumbi.
Ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukuphefumla kancinci
- Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni okanye esiswini
- Ukuhlanza okukhulu okungapheliyo
- Isiyezi ngequbuliso
- Ukudideka okanye ukulahleka kwenkumbulo
Ngaba kukho uvavanyo lokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba le yi-H1N1?
Ewe, kukho iimvavanyo. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zifana kakhulu, kunzima ukuqiniseka ukuba ngumkhuhlane okanye yi-H1N1 ngaphandle kovavanyo lwelabhoratri. Ugqirha uza kuthatha i-swab yempumlo yakho aze ayisebenzisele ukuvavanya intsholongwane.
Kodwa olu vavanyo alwenzelwanga wonke umntu. Ngokwesiqhelo, umntu ophilileyo uyaphila kwi-H1N1 kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Olu vavanyo lwenzelwa ikakhulu izigulana ezilaliswe esibhedlele kunye nabo basengozini enkulu yokufumana iingxaki ezinzima ngenxa yomkhuhlane.
| Abo basengozini enkulu yeengxaki ze-H1N1 | |
|---|---|
| • Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala | • Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala |
| • Oomama abakhulelweyo | • Abantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo zemiphunga, intliziyo, isibindi, imithambo-luvo okanye izifo ze-metabolic |
| • Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka (umz. abantu abane-HIV, izigulane ezinomhlaza) | • Abantwana kunye nabantu abancinci abathatha i-aspirin ixesha elide (kuba basengozini yokufumana imeko enzima ebizwa ngokuba yi-Reye's syndrome ) |
| • Abantu abakwiindawo zokhathalelo ezifana namakhaya abantu abadala | |
Ungayinyanga njani? Kwaye ungazikhusela njani?
Iindlela zonyango
Amanye amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane asetyenziswa ukunyanga umkhuhlane asebenza kakuhle nakwi-H1N1. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngegama elithi Oseltamivir (Tamiflu). La mayeza asebenza kakhulu xa ethathwa kwiiyure ezingama-48 emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile. Anokunceda ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokuphiliswa kwaye anciphise iimpawu.
Khumbula, umkhuhlane sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane, ngoko ke amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awayi kunceda. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane asetyenziswa kuphela ukunyanga usulelo lweentsholongwane.
Ungathatha amayeza okudambisa iintlungu afana neparacetamol ukunciphisa umkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba. Kodwa ungaze unike abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-19 ubudala abanomkhuhlane i-aspirin , nangasiphi na isizathu . Oku kungenxa yomngcipheko wesifo esibi esibizwa ngokuba yiReye's syndrome.
Ungazikhusela njani?
Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukufumana ugonyo lomkhuhlane (i-flu shot) rhoqo ngonyaka. Olu gonyo lukukhusela kwiintsholongwane zomkhuhlane eziqhelekileyo zexesha elithile kunye ne-H1N1 virus.
Ukongeza, landela ezi zinto zilula:
- Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo. Hlamba izandla zakho ubuncinane imizuzwana engama-20. Sebenzisa isicoci sezandla esisekelwe kutywala xa isepha namanzi zingafumaneki.
- Kuphephe ukuchukumisa amehlo, impumlo, nomlomo ngezandla zakho.
- Zigcine kude nabantu abaneemfiva kunye nomkhuhlane kangangoko unako.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-H1N1 (iSwine Flu) sisifo sokuphefumla esibangelwa yintsholongwane, kanye njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Akukho mfuneko yokoyika.
- Ugonyo lomkhuhlane lwaminyaka le lukwakhusela kwintsholongwane ye-H1N1.
- Esi sifo sisasazeka ngamathontsi aphuma xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla. Ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo nokuhlala ucocekile kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinzima ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, okanye ukuhlanza okungapheliyo, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ungaze unike abantwana abanomkhuhlane i-aspirin.
- Ii-antibiotics azinyangi umkhuhlane. Sela amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane kuphela xa ucetyiswe ngugqirha.
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