Xa sisiva igama elithi umhlaza, sonke siyoyika kancinci, akunjalo? Kodwa kukwakho neentlobo zomhlaza esingazange sive ngazo, kwaye ezingaqhelekanga. I-Yolk Sac Tumor yenye yazo. Eli gama lisenokuba litsha kuwe. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngalo mhlaza, onokukhula ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci nakubantu abadala abancinci, ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.
Yintoni kanye kanye iYolk Sac Tumor?
Ngamafutshane, iYolk Sac Tumor luhlobo lomhlaza. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Endodermal Sinus Tumor. Ivela kuhlobo oluthile lweseli emzimbeni wethu. Oko kukuthi, kwiiseli eziba yidlozi endodeni, nakwiiseli eziba ngamaqanda emfazini. Kwizonyango, ezi seli sizibiza ngokuba ziiseli zentsholongwane. Ngoko ke oku kukwicandelo leGerm Cell Tumor.
Ezi thumba zihlala zikhula kwii -ovari kubasetyhini okanye kumasende kumadoda. Nangona kunjalo, azifane zikhule ngaphandle kwezi zitho zokuzala, umzekelo esifubeni, esiswini, okanye engqondweni.
Olu hlobo lomhlaza aluqhelekanga kakhulu ngokubanzi. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo lomhlaza weeseli zentsholongwane oluxhaphakileyo ebantwaneni abancinci lolona hlobo lubizwa ngokuba yiYolk Sac Tumor.
Into ebalulekileyo ngale nto kukuba lo mhlaza ukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ungasasazeka ngokukhawuleza . Ke ngoko, ukuba awunyangwa, unokuba yingozi ebomini. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukuba isifo sifunyenwe kwangethuba, sinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngonyango . Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela iimpawu kwangethuba.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zalo mhlaza?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, lo mhlaza unokwahlulwa ube ziintlobo ezininzi eziphambili kuxhomekeke ekubeni ukhula phi.
- Iithumba ze-yolk sac ze-testicular: Olu luhlobo lomhlaza we-testicular. Luxhaphake kakhulu kubafana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala nakubafana abancinci abaneminyaka engama-20 nengama-30 ubudala . Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi zinokubonwa kwangethuba, ngaphambi kokuba zisasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Oku kubenza babe nethuba lokunyangwa.
- Iithumba ze-ovarian yolk sac: Olu luhlobo lomhlaza we-ovarian. Luhlobo olungenabundlongondlongo kangako, oko kuthetha ukuba lunokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Luxhaphake kakhulu kumantombazana aselula aneminyaka engama-20 okanye ngaphantsi . Kuthiwa, isithathu kwisithathu sabo bafunyaniswe benale sifo ngamantombazana aselula angekaqali ukuya exesheni.
- Umhlaza okhula ngaphandle kwamalungu okuzala (ii-Extragonadal germ cell tumors):Ngamanye amaxesha, le mihlaza yeeseli zentsholongwane ikhula kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, ngaphandle kwamaqanda okanye amasende. Umzekelo, inokuvela engqondweni, embindini wesifuba, ngasemva kwesisu, okanye kwithambo lomsila .
Zingaba yintoni iimpawu zoku?
Iimpawu zeYolk Sac Tumor zixhomekeke ekubeni iphi emzimbeni apho ithumba likhoyo. Umzekelo, umama unokufumana iqhuma elincinci kwisende lomntwana xa ehlamba. Okanye intombazana encinci inokufumana ukuya exesheni okungaqhelekanga kunye nentlungu yesisu. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi mpawu.
Jonga le theyibhile ingezantsi ukuze ufumane iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yomhlaza.
| Indawo yomhlaza | Iimpawu ezinokubonwa |
|---|---|
| Amasende | Ukuqina okanye iqhubu elikwisende elingenabuhlungu . |
| Kwii-ovari | Ukudumba kwesisu okanye ukuziva ngathi kukho iqhuma esiswini, iintlungu zesisu okanye umqolo, utshintsho kwindlela yokuzila (njengokuqhina), ukopha okungaqhelekanga okanye okugqithisileyo kokuya exesheni. |
| Ingqondo | Iingxaki zentloko okanye zokubona. |
| Isifuba | Ukukhohlela kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla. |
| Isiphelo esisezantsi somqolo (iTailbone) | Indawo isenokuba idumbile, ibonakale ikruqukile, okanye ibonakale ngathi liqhuma elisulelekileyo. |
Kutheni olu hlobo lomhlaza luvela?
Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Kodwa ukuba ndithetha inyani, abaphandi bezonyango abakafumani unobangela ochanekileyo weYolk Sac Tumor. Njengeminye imidla yomhlaza, le ibangelwa lutshintsho (ukuguqulwa) kwiijini, okanye iDNA, kwiiseli . Olu tshintsho lubangela ukuba iiseli zahlukane ngokukhawuleza nangokungalawulekiyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi seli zinokukhula kunye zenze inqwaba. Ukuba azinyangwa, ezi seli zomhlaza zinokusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
Nangona kunjalo, uphando lusaqhubeka malunga nokuba kutheni olu tshintsho lwemfuza luqala kwasekuqaleni.
Indlela yokuxilonga esi sifo?
Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho uneempawu ezidweliswe apha ngasentla, kufuneka nibone ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Ugqirha uza kuqala enze uvavanyo lomzimba aze ajonge naziphi na iziqwenga okanye ukudumba okungaqhelekanga esiswini okanye emasendeni. Emva koko, baya kukubuza ngeempawu zakho.
Kunokwenziwa iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa isifo:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Kuthathwa isampulu yegazi lakho kwaye kuhlolwa iproteni ekhethekileyo. Ibizwa ngokuba yi -Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) . Eli nqanaba le-AFP egazini liphezulu kakhulu kuye wonke umntu one-Yolk Sac Tumor. Olu luphawu olubaluleke kakhulu lokufumanisa lo mhlaza.
- Uvavanyo lokufota: Ii-CT scans (ii-Computed Tomography scans) kunye nee-MRI scans (iMagnetic Resonance Imaging) zezona vavanyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ezi zinokubona ngokucacileyo iithumba emzimbeni.
- Ukususwa kwesibeleko ngotyando: Le yindlela ekuphela kwayo yokuqiniseka nge-100% ngesi sifo. Ugqirha uya kwenza utyando lokususa lonke ithumba (ngamanye amaxesha lonke ilungu apho ithumba likhona). Ithumba liya kuthunyelwa kwilabhoratri ukuze livavanywe iiseli zomhlaza.
Zichongwa njani izigaba zomhlaza?
Xa isifo sifunyenwe, oogqirha bafumanisa ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani, okanye ukuba 'linqanaba' elingakanani lomhlaza. Eli nqanaba limiselwa zizinto ezifana nobukhulu bethumba kunye nokuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani. Ukuba inqanaba liphantsi (umz. iNqanaba loku-1), kuthetha ukuba umhlaza ukwinqanaba lokuqala. Ukuba inqanaba liphezulu (umz. iNqanaba lesi-3, lesi-4), kuthetha ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kancinci. Ukwazi eli nqanaba kubalulekile ekukhetheni unyango olungcono.
Kwii-Tumors zamasende
- Inqanaba loku-1: Umhlaza ukwisende kuphela.
- Inqanaba lesi-2: Umhlaza usasazeke ukusuka kwi-testicle ukuya kwi-lymph nodes.
- Inqanaba lesi-3: Iiseli zomhlaza zisasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
Kwii-Ovarian Tumors
- Inqanaba loku-1: Umhlaza ukhawulelwe kwi-ovaries enye okanye zombini.
- Inqanaba lesi-2: Iiseli zomhlaza zisasazeke kwezinye iindawo ngaphakathi kwe-pelvis, kodwa azikafikeleli kwi-fallopian tubes.
- Inqanaba lesi-3: Umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ze-lymph nodes nakwi-membrane ejikeleze isisu (i-peritoneum).
- Inqanaba lesi-4: Umhlaza usasazeke ngaphandle kolwelo lwesisu uye kwezinye izicwili kunye namalungu omzimba.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Injongo ephambili yonyango kukususa ngokupheleleyo ithumba elinomhlaza. Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zonyango zisetyenziswa koku.
1. Utyando: Oku kuquka ukususa lonke i-testicle (ebizwa ngokuba yi- orchiectomy ) okanye i-ovary (ebizwa ngokuba yi- oophorectomy ) echaphazeleke ngumhlaza. Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwi-seminal vesicles, nazo zinokufuneka zisuswe.
2. I-Chemotherapy: Emva kotyando, olu nyango lunikwa ukubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokuthi zishiywe emzimbeni ezingabonakaliyo emehlweni. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ithumba likhulu kakhulu, i-chemotherapy inokunikwa ukunciphisa ithumba ngaphambi kotyando.
Indlela yonyango lwe-BEP
Unyango oluphambili lwe-chemotherapy lwe-Yolk Sac Tumor lubizwa ngokuba yi -BEP . Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza kunye nendlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kunyango, unokufuna ukuthatha imijikelo eliqela ye-BEP. I-BEP yindibaniselwano yamayeza amathathu:
- I-leomycin ye -B
- I-E toposide
- ICisplatin ( P latinol®)
Xa la mayeza mathathu edityanisiwe, asebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekutshabalaliseni iiseli zeYolk Sac Tumor.
Injani imeko emva konyango? (Ingxelo yokuxela kwangaphambili)
Le yinto abantu abaninzi ekufuneka bayazi. Liyinyaniso elokuba ukuba ayinyangwa, i-Yolk Sac Tumor ibeka ubomi esichengeni. Yiyo loo nto besisithi kwasekuqaleni kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumanisa isifo nokuqala unyango kwangethuba . Njengakuyo nayiphi na imhlaza, xa unyango luqalwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba okuphila aphezulu.
Ingqikelelo yakho ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Kufuneka uxoxe nogqirha wakho ngezinto ezifana nesigaba somhlaza, indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kunyango, kunye nenqanaba lakho le-AFP ngaphambi kokuba uqalise i-chemotherapy (okukhona oku kuphantsi, kokukhona iziphumo ziba ngcono).
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Unyango olufana notyando kunye ne-BEP luphucule kakhulu izinga lokusinda kwabantu abane-Yolk Sac Tumor. Umzekelo, umhlaza wamasende weSigaba soku-1 unokunyangeka phantse ngokupheleleyo ngolu hlobo lonyango. Uphononongo lwakutshanje lubonise ukuba ama-91.5% abantu abanyangelwa umhlaza wama-ovari kwinqanaba lokuqala babesaphila emva kweminyaka emihlanu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Yolk Sac Tumor luhlobo olungaqhelekanga lomhlaza oluxhaphakileyo ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala abancinci.
- Khangela iimpawu ezifana neqhuma elingenabuhlungu kwi-testicle okanye ukudumba/ukungonwabi esiswini. Ukuba ubona into efana nale, musa ukuba neentloni okanye ukoyika, kodwa bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Nangona lo mhlaza usasazeka ngokukhawuleza, unokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba.
- Utyando kunye nonyango lwe-chemotherapy (ingakumbi i-BEP) lusebenza kakhulu.
- Nokuba unyango lugqityiwe, kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe uhlolo lokulandelela ngexesha elimiselweyo njengoko ugqirha echazile.
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