Ake sifunde ngemithi enikezwa odokotela bamazinyo. (Imithi Yamazinyo Nemithi)

Wake waya kudokotela wamazinyo? Lapho uya khona, wanikezwa zonke izinhlobo zemithi yezinto ezifana nokugcwalisa, ukukhipha amazinyo, noma ukwelashwa kwezinsini. Ngezinye izikhathi wanikezwa umjovo wokudambisa umlomo wakho, noma wanikezwa imithi yokuya nayo ekhaya. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngezinhlobo zemithi esetshenziswa odokotela bamazinyo (Imithi Yamazinyo kanye Ake sixoxe ngokuthi ziyini lezi zinto, zisetshenziselwani, nokuthi ziyini izinzuzo nezinkinga zazo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zemithi yamazinyo ezisetshenziswa odokotela bamazinyo?

Kalula nje, odokotela bamazinyo basebenzisa imithi ehlukahlukene ukwelapha izinkinga ezahlukene zempilo emlonyeni wakho. Le mithi ingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu uma unabo, ikuthulise, ivimbele ukugula, noma ilwe nezifo.

Udokotela wamazinyo wakho uzokuncoma umuthi ngokusekelwe ezicini eziningi, okuhlanganisa izidingo zakho, ubudala, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, imithi oyiphuzayo njengamanje, kanye nesisindo. Ngakho-ke, umuthi ofanayo ngeke usebenzele wonke umuntu.

Manje ake sibheke okuyinhloko Yiziphi izinhlobo zemithi esetshenziswa kudokotela wamazinyo ?

• Imithi yokunciphisa izinhlungu noma yokuqeda izinhlungu: Yilena evame ukusiza ekunciphiseni izinhlungu ngesikhathi sokukhishwa nokufakwa kwamazinyo.
• Imithi evimbela ukubola kwamazinyo noma elawula i-plaque kanye ne-gingivitis: Lokhu kusiza ukugcina amazinyo ephilile.
• Umlomo owomile noma ukuqunjelwa ngokweqile Imithi yokudambisa amathe : Abanye abantu banenkinga yomlomo owomile, kanti abanye banenkinga yokudambisa amathe ngokweqile. Kukhona nemithi yalokhu.
• Ama-antibiotic: Imithi enikezwa ukulwa nokutheleleka ngamagciwane.
• Ama-antiviral: Asiza ekulawuleni ukutheleleka ngegciwane.
• Ama-antifungal : Lawa anikezwa izifo ze-fungus, njenge-oral thrush.
• Imithi yokudambisa ubuhlungu: Lokhu kuyakusiza ukuthi uhlale uzolile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
• Ama-Anxiolytics: Lawa ngezinye izikhathi anikezwa abantu abesaba ukubona udokotela.

Izinhlobo zemithi ongayithola emtholampilo wamazinyo

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlanza amazinyo akho, ugcwalisa amazinyo, noma wenza inqubo enkulu njengomgudu wezimpande, udokotela wamazinyo uzosebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lomuthi. Ake sibone ukuthi uyini.

Imithi enikezwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu noma ukudambisa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa

Odokotela bamazinyo basebenzisa i-anesthesia ukuze baqede ingxenye yomlomo wakho ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu. Cabanga ukuthi kungaba ubuhlungu obungakanani ukukhishwa kwezinyo ukube awuzange usebenzise i-anesthesia! Lokhu kunciphisa ubuhlungu akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ubuhlungu, kodwa futhi kukwenza uzizwe ungesabi kakhulu.

Lezi zibulala-zinhlungu zingafika ngesimo sejeli, isifutho, umjovo, noma igesi oyiphefumulayo. Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zisetshenziswa kakhulu kudokotela wamazinyo:

• Izibulala-zinhlungu zesikhumba : Lezi zivame ukufana nejeli futhi zifakwa endaweni yomlomo lapho ufuna ukuwuqeda khona ubuhlungu. Isibonelo yi-benzocaine. Uma ufakwa ngaphambi komjovo, ngeke uzizwe ngisho nomjovo.
• I-anesthetic yendawo: Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa amazinyo nokukhipha. I-Lidocaine uhlobo oludumile lwe-anesthetic. Lokhu kuqeda amandla endaweni ezungeze izinyo eliphathwayo. Uyaqaphela futhi uyakwazi ukukhuluma, kodwa ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu.
• Ukubulala izinzwa okuvamile: Lokhu kuzothulisa umzimba wakho wonke futhi kukulalise. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlinzwa okukhulu.

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wamazinyo angakunika umuthi wokudambisa ukuze ulale kancane. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uphendule kulokho okushiwo yithimba lezokwelapha, kodwa uzokhululeka kakhulu. Enye indlela ethandwayo ukukunika i-nitrous oxide, noma "igesi ehlekisayo." Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uhlale ukhululekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme), udokotela wakho wamazinyo angase axube inani elincane le-epinephrine nomuthi wokubulala izinzwa wendawo. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ukopha ngesikhathi senqubo.

Umuthi wokuvimbela ukubola kwamazinyo

Ukubola kwamazinyo ukuwohloka kwe-enamel yamazinyo ngama-asidi. Imbangela enkulu yalokhu ukudla okunoshukela esikudlayo. Odokotela bamazinyo bavame ukuncoma i-fluoride ukuqinisa amazinyo nokuvimbela nokubuyisela emuva ukubola kwamazinyo. I-Fluoride iyiminerali eyenzeka ngokwemvelo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa kwe-fluoride okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Bangase bakuncome ukusebenzisa umuthi wokuxubha i-fluoride noma i-mouthwash, noma ungafaka ukwelashwa kwe-fluoride emazinyweni akho ehhovisi likadokotela wamazinyo.

Imithi yokulawula ukubola kwamazinyo kanye ne-gingivitis

I-plaque yamazinyo iyi-film yamagciwane akha emazinyweni. Uma ingahlanzwa kahle, ingaholela ku -gingivitis, isigaba sokuqala sesifo sezinsini. Umlomo onukayo nawo uhlotshaniswa nalokhu.

Odokotela bamazinyo bavame ukusebenzisa lokhu ukususa i-plaque yamazinyo nokuvimbela noma ukwelapha i-gingivitis.Kusetshenziswa umuthi wokubulala amagciwane obizwa ngokuthi i-chlorhexidine (isib. i-Peridex™). Ngokuvamile usetshenziswa njengendlela yokugeza umlomo. Usetshenziselwa ukunciphisa amagciwane abangela isifo se-periodontal, noma ngemva kokwelashwa kwamazinyo (ngokuvamile isikhathi esifushane).

Kodwa-ke, ukusebenzisa i-chlorhexidine kungandisa ukwakheka kwe-tartar emazinyweni, futhi kungadala amabala emazinyweni, ekugcwalisweni, kanye namazinyo okufakelwa. Kungathinta nomuzwa wakho wokunambitha. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela efanele njengoba kuyalelwe udokotela wakho futhi uhlolwe amazinyo akho njalo.

Izinhlobo zemithi yamazinyo yokusetshenziswa ekhaya

Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wamazinyo angakunika imithi ongayisebenzisa ekhaya, kungaba ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuvakasha kwakho.

Umuthi wobuhlungu bamazinyo nezilonda zomlomo

Uma ugqoka amazinyo okufakelwa noma ama-braces, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki. Ungase futhi uzwe ubuhlungu obuvela ezinhlungwini zamazinyo noma ezilondeni. Imithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu esetshenziswa endaweni ethile ( njenge-Anbesol®, i-Orajel®, noma i-Xylocaine®) ingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela wamazinyo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa le mithi. Ungalokothi usebenzise le mithi yobuhlungu bokukhipha amazinyo ezinganeni.

Lezi zidakamizwa zobuhlungu ziza ngezindlela ezahlukene:

• Ukhilimu noma i-dental paste
• Ijeli
• Ilozenji
• Ukuhlanza umlomo
• Ukugcoba
• Isifutho

Ungadinga imithi yezinhlungu ngaphambi kokuba wenze ukuhlinzwa, ukufakelwa umqhele, noma ukuhlinzwa ngomlomo. Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yezinhlungu ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela noma ebhalwe ngudokotela.

Izibonelo zalokhu yilezi:

• `I-Acetaminophen` (njengePanadol)
• `Ama-Corticosteroids` (lawa uhlobo lomuthi olunikezwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala)
• Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal (ama-NSAID) : Imithi efana ne-Ibuprofen, i-Aspirin, ne-Naproxen isetshenziselwa ubuhlungu obuncane kuya kobuphakathi. Kodwa-ke, unganiki izingane ezincane nezinsana i-aspirin ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wamazinyo.
• Ama-opioid (ama-painkiller anamandla awela esigabeni sezidakamizwa): Lawa anganikezwa ubuhlungu obuphakathi kuya kobunzima ngemva kokuhlinzwa njengokukhishwa kwamazinyo, ukufakelwa kwezinsini, kanye nokufakelwa kwamazinyo. Kodwa-ke, kufanele asetshenziswe ngokuqapha ngoba anengozi yokulutha.

Ezimweni eziningi, ama-painkiller athengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela ahlinzeka ngokulawula ubuhlungu okuhle noma okungcono kakhulu njenge-opioid. Ama-opioid ayingozi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthi yimuphi umuthi wokuqeda ubuhlungu okulungele wena.

Ama-painkiller angabangela imiphumela emibi njengomlomo owomile (xerostomia), isifo sezinsini, kanye nokubola kwamazinyo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu futhi.

Imithi yomlomo owomile noma ukuqunjelwa ngokweqile

Umlomo owomile usho ukuthi izindlala zamathe emlonyeni wakho azikhiqizi amathe anele. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukugwinya, ukukhuluma, nokwandisa ukubola kwamazinyo. Kunemithi (i-sialagogues) engandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamathe. Izibonelo zifaka:

• `I-Cevimeline`
• `I-Pilocarpine`
• Izinto ezithatha indawo yamathe: Lokhu kunciphisa okwesikhashana izimpawu zomlomo owomile.

Abanye abantu banenkinga yokukhiqizwa kwamathe ngokweqile (hypersalivation). Kunemithi (antisialagogues) enganikezwa ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamathe yizindlala zamathe. Izibonelo:

• `I-Atropine sulfate`
• `I-Glycopyrrolate`
• 'I-Scopolamine'

Ama-antibiotic esifo sezinsini esibi kakhulu (i-Periodontitis)

Uma isifo sezinsini siba sibi kakhulu, okungukuthi, lapho sifika esigabeni se-periodontitis, udokotela wamazinyo wakho angase akunikeze ama-antibiotic (njenge-amoxicillin noma i-doxycycline). Le mithi isiza ukulwa nokutheleleka ngamagciwane futhi ivimbele ukubhujiswa kwezicubu zezinsini kanye nethambo elizungeze amazinyo akho.

Ama-antibiotic okutheleleka ngamagciwane emlonyeni

Odokotela bamazinyo basebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-antibiotic ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane emlonyeni. Lokhu kungaba yizinto zokugeza umlomo, amafutha okugcoba, amaphilisi, noma uketshezi.

Kwezinye izimo, isibonelo, umuntu onesifo esibi sezinsini (i-periodontitis) angase anikezwe umuthi wokulwa namagciwane ngaphambi noma ngemva kokwelashwa kwamazinyo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimbela amabhaktheriya avame ukutholakala ezicutshini ezizungeze amazinyo ukuthi angangeni egazini futhi abangele ukutheleleka kwenye indawo emzimbeni.

Amanye ama-antibiotic avame ukusetshenziswa kudokotela wamazinyo yile:

• `I-Amoxicillin`
• `I-Clindamycin`
• `I-Azithromycin`

Ukwelashwa kwakho kungase kube umuthi olwa namagciwane kuphela noma kuhlanganiswe neminye imithi kanye nokwelashwa. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umuthi olwa namagciwane kuze kube yilapho usuqedile ukwelashwa njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalele. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukutheleleka kungase kubuye.

Ama-antiviral okutheleleka ngegciwane emlonyeni

Nakuba abanye odokotela bengase banikeze imithi yomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, odokotela bamazinyo nabo baphatha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane zomlomo (njengezilonda ezibangelwa amagciwane). Imithi yokulwa namagciwane ayikwazi ukwelapha ngokuphelele ukutheleleka ngegciwane, kodwa inganciphisa izimpawu.

Izinhlobo zemithi ``(elwa namagciwane)`` esetshenziswa kudokotela wamazinyo:

• `I-Acyclovir`
• `I-Valacyclovir`
• `I-Famciclovir`

Ama-antifungal okutheleleka kwesikhunta somlomo (isb. i-thrush)

I-Thrush igciwane elivame ukubangelwa yisikhunta esibizwa ngokuthi i-Candida albicans. Yeka ukusabalala kwayo, dokotela wamazinyoKusetshenziswa imithi yokulwa nesikhunta. Iphinde inikezwe i-stomatitis yamazinyo okufakelwa, ukutheleleka kwesikhunta okwenzeka emilonyeni yabantu abafaka amazinyo okufakelwa.

Le mithi ingathathwa njengama-lozenge noma amaphilisi. Noma ungaphuza umuthi owuketshezi emlonyeni wakho bese uwukhafula noma uwugwinye. Izinhlobo ezivamile zifaka:

• 'I-Clotrimazole'
• `I-Fluconazole`
• `I-Miconazole`
• `I-Nystatin`

Ingabe ikhona ikhambi lokwesaba ukwelashwa kwamazinyo?

Abantu abaningi bazizwa besaba kancane noma bekhathazekile ngokuya kudokotela wamazinyo. Lokhu kuyinto evamile. Kodwa uma lokhu kwesaba kukhulu kangangokuthi kuthinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke kangangokuthi ugwema ukuya kudokotela wamazinyo, khuluma nodokotela wamazinyo ngakho. Angakufundisa izindlela zokunciphisa ukwesaba kwakho nokuphumula. Bangakudlulisela nomeluleki wezempilo yengqondo ukuze akhulume ngemithi yokunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwakho kanye/noma ukucindezeleka.

Ukukhathazeka kungathinta nempilo yomlomo wakho. Isibonelo:

• Ungase ukhuphule ukugaya amazinyo (`bruxism`) ngaphandle kokuqaphela.
• Kungaba nomthelela ezinkingeni ze-temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela bamazinyo bangakunikeza imithi yokuphumula imisipha ukusiza ekuphatheni izinkinga ze-TMJ.
• Uma ungakwazi ukwenza izinto zansuku zonke njengokuxubha amazinyo akho kahle, impilo yakho yamazinyo ingaba yimbi.

Yiziphi izinzuzo zale mithi kwezokwelapha amazinyo?

Udokotela wamazinyo usebenzisa le mithi ukuze akugcine uphephile, ukhululekile, futhi uphilile. Umuthi ngamunye unezinzuzo ezahlukene.

Eminye imithi ilwa nezifo, eminye yenza ukwelashwa kube lula. Eminye isiza ukugcina amazinyo nezinsini ziphilile, futhi yehlisa ubuhlungu. Khuluma nodokotela wamazinyo wakho ngemithi ongase uyidinge kanye nezinkinga onazo.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi noma izingozi ngale mithi?

Imithi eminingi esetshenziswa ekwelapheni amazinyo inengozi encane yemiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, umuthi onikezwayo wesimo esisodwa ungandisa ingozi yesinye isimo.

Isibonelo, ezinye izidakamizwa ezinamandla zokubulala izinzwa zingandisa ingozi yakho yokubola kwamazinyo noma umlomo owomile. Udokotela wakho wamazinyo angakhuluma nawe ngezingozi nezinzuzo zomuthi ngamunye futhi akusize ugweme izinkinga.

Khumbula, udokotela wamazinyo wakho uzokunikeza umuthi ngemva kokucabangisisa kahle nangokuhambisana nesimo sakho sempilo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umuthi njengoba nje udokotela ekutshelile.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Odokotela bamazinyo basebenzisa le mithi ukwelapha izinkinga zomlomo wakho, amazinyo nezinsini ngokuphephile nangendlela ephumelelayo. Le mithi ingasiza ekulawuleni ubuhlungu, ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukwelapha izifo, noma ukuvimbela izinkinga.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu yile:

• Khuluma nodokotela wamazinyo wakho mayelana nemithi oyidingayo, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, nokuthi uzozizwa kanjani uma uyithatha.
• Buza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Khona-ke ungazizwa uqiniseka futhi ungesabi ukwelashwa kwamazinyo.
• Thatha umuthi owunikezwe udokotela, njengoba nje uyalelwe, futhi ngesikhathi.
• Tshela udokotela wakho wamazinyo nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo, noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba okunakho, kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba eminye imithi ingase ingahambisani.

Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi esizayo lapho uvakashela udokotela wamazinyo, ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza ungesabi imithi enikezwayo, kodwa uyiqonde kangcono!

Umuthi wamazinyo, umuthi wamazinyo, umuthi womlomo, imithi yobuhlungu, umuthi wobuhlungu bamazinyo, ukugcwalisa amazinyo, ukukhipha amazinyo, isifo sezinsini, imithi yokulwa nokutheleleka, impilo yamazinyo