Ake sifunde kabanzi ngomdlavuza wesibeletho. Ake sixoxe ngawo ngaphandle kokwesaba!

Sawubona! Unjani? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esibalulekile kwabesifazane abaningi, futhi nakuba singase sizwakale sesabeka kancane uma uzwa igama laso, singalawulwa futhi selapheke kakhulu uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi. Lowo umdlavuza wesibeletho, noma njengoba abanye besibiza ngokuthi `(Umdlavuza Wesibeletho)` . Kuvamile ukushaqeka kancane uma uzwa leli gama, kodwa uma siliqonda kahle, akukho okufanele sikwesabe ngokungadingekile. Ngoba ulwazi lungamandla amakhulu, akunjalo? Ngakho ake sibone ukuthi luyini, lukhula kanjani, yiziphi izimpawu, ukuthi singazivikela kanjani, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha.

Uyini umdlavuza wesibeletho?

Kalula nje, umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho umdlavuza okhula engxenyeni engezansi yesibeletho sakho, ingxenye exhumanisa nesitho sangasese sowesifazane, ebizwa ngokuthi umlomo wesibeletho . Khumbula, lokhu akuyona into ekhula ngokuzumayo, ngobusuku obubodwa. Esikhathini esiningi, amangqamuzana aphilile emlonyeni wesibeletho ashintsha kancane kancane ngokuhamba kweminyaka, abe amangqamuzana 'angaphambi komdlavuza' ngaphambi kokuba abe umdlavuza. Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi 'i-HPV (i-Human Papillomavirus).' Leli igciwane elidluliselwa ngocansi, okungukuthi, igciwane elisakazeka ngokuxhumana ngokocansi. Kodwa nansi into ebalulekile. Akuwona wonke umuntu onegciwane 'le-HPV' othola umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Eqinisweni, kubantu abaningi, leli gciwane lihamba lodwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa, njengoba amasosha ethu omzimba elilwa nalo. Kodwa kwabanye besifazane, leli gciwane lingaqhubeka emizimbeni yabo futhi libangele izinguquko zamaseli okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla. Labo ngabantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Yingakho sihlala sithi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa njalo, njenge-Pap smear kanye, uma kudingeka, ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV . Futhi, ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-HPV kunganciphisa kakhulu le ngozi. Khumbula, umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho uyisifo esingelapheka ngokuphelele uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi .

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zomdlavuza wesibeletho?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Lezi yizi:

• I-Squamous Cell Carcinomas : Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Luqala emaseli ayisicaba ebusweni bangaphandle bomlomo wesibeletho. Cishe u-80% kuya ku-90% womdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ulolu hlobo.
• Ama-Adenocarcinoma : Lezi zinhlobo zikhula ngamaseli ezindlala azungeze ulwelwesi lwangaphakathi lomlomo wesibeletho . Akha cishe u-10% kuya ku-20% womdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.

Ngezinye izikhathi umdlavuza ungaba khona njengengxube yazo zombili izinhlobo.

Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibeletho? Ingabe ungatholakala kusenesikhathi?

Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo, futhi kuyinto eyethusa abaningi. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, umdlavuza wesibeletho ungase ungakhombisi zimpawu ezigabeni zawo zokuqala.Kufana nokuthi ikhula ngasese. Yingakho sihlala sithi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuhlolwa ngesikhathi esifanele, ngezikhathi ezifanele. Izimpawu ziqala ukuvela lapho umdlavuza usukhule kancane, futhi mhlawumbe usabalale nasezicutshini ezizungezile.

Izimpawu ezingabonakala ezigabeni zokuqala (njengeSigaba I):

• Ukuphuma koketshezi olungavamile esithweni sangasese sowesifazane: Kungase kube nokukhipha koketshezi olunamanzi, mhlawumbe olunegazi elincane, oluningi, futhi olungase lube nephunga elibi.
• Ukopha okungajwayelekile:
• Ukopha ngemva kocansi.
• Ukopha phakathi kwemijikelezo emibili yokuya esikhathini.
• Ukopha futhi ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini (okungukuthi, ngemva kokuba ukuya esikhathini kwanyanga zonke sekuphelile ngokuphelele).
• Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi: Ungase ube nobuhlungu obusha (i-dyspareunia) obungekho ngaphambili.

Okubalulekile: Ukuthi nje unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi umdlavuza wesibeletho. Lezi zinto zingenzeka ngezinye izizathu ezilula. Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo esifana nalesi, sicela ungesabi noma ube namahloni, futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko. Yilokho okungcono kakhulu ongakwenza.

Izimpawu ezingase zivele njengoba umdlavuza usakazeka kabanzi:

Uma umdlavuza usakazekela ngale komlomo wesibeletho, ezicutshini ezizungezile noma kwezinye izitho zomzimba, izimpawu ezinjengalezi zingase zivele:

• Ubunzima bokuchama, ubuhlungu, futhi mhlawumbe negazi emchameni.
• Ukushintsha kwemikhuba yokuya endlini yangasese, ukuqunjelwa noma uhudo , ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuya endlini yangasese, noma igazi esitulweni (esivela endukwini).
• Ukuzizwa njalo ukhathele kakhulu futhi ukhathele.
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla kwesisindo.
• Ukuzizwa ungaphilile kahle futhi ugula njalo.
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli emhlane ongezansi noma ukuvuvukala emilenzeni.
• Ubuhlungu be-pelvic/besisu.

Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, kusho ukuthi lesi simo singase sibe sibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Iyini imbangela eyinhloko yomdlavuza wesibeletho?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, cishe ama-99% omdlavuza wesibeletho abangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane elibizwa ngokuthi `i-HPV (i-Human Papillomavirus).`Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 ze-HPV. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo ezibangela umdlavuza. Kunezinhlobo eziningana "ezinobungozi obukhulu" ezingabangela umdlavuza. Leli gciwane lisakazeka kakhulu ngokuxhumana ngokocansi (ngokwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, i-anal, noma ucansi lomlomo). Cabanga ngakho, i-HPV iyigciwane elivame kakhulu. Abantu abaningi abahlanganyela ocansini bazotheleleka nge-HPV ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo, kodwa abazi nokuthi bayakwenza. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amasosha omzimba wethu angalwa naleli gciwane futhi aliqede. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ze-HPV ezinobungozi obukhulu, aziphumi emzimbeni, futhi zihlala emaseli esibelethweni isikhathi eside, zishintsha kancane kancane lawo maseli ngendlela engajwayelekile, futhi ekugcineni zikhule zibe umdlavuza. Yingakho umjovo we-HPV ubalulekile. Umjovo we-HPV ungakuvikela cishe ku-90% wezinhlobo ze-HPV ezivame ukubangela umdlavuza wesibeletho. Futhi, uma ukutheleleka kwe-HPV noma izimo zangaphambi komdlavuza kutholwa kusenesikhathi ngokuhlolwa okuvamile, ukwelashwa kungaqalwa ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza ukhule.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho?

Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo izici ezisobala ezingabangela umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Kodwa-ke, kunezici ezithile ezandisa le ngozi. Ezinye zazo singazilawula, kanti ezinye asikwazi ukuzilawula.

Izici eziyingozi esingazilawula:

• Umlando wokuhlolwa: Labo abangenazo izivivinyo ze-Pap njalo basengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, njengoba izivivinyo ze-Pap zithola amangqamuzana angaphambi komdlavuza.
• Ukutheleleka nge-HPV: Ukutheleleka ngezinhlobo ze-HPV eziyingozi kakhulu kuyisici esiyinhloko sengozi. Ukuzivikela ku-HPV kunganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesibeletho.
• Umlando wocansi: Ukuya ocansini ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-18 nokuba nabalingani abaningi bocansi kwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka nge-HPV.
• Ukubhema: Ukubhema ugwayi kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yomdlavuza wesibeletho.
• Ukutheleleka nge-HIV: Abesifazane abatheleleke nge-HIV basengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza wesibeletho kunabantu abaningi.
• Ukuba nesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka: Uma isimiso somzimba sibuthakathaka, ikhono lomzimba lokulwa nezifo liyancipha. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthi igciwane le-HPV liqhubeke emzimbeni.

Izici eziyingozi esingenakuzilawula:

• `DES (diethylstilbestrol)`: Lona umuthi owanikezwa abanye besifazane abakhulelwe phakathi kuka-1938 no-1971 ukuvimbela ukuphuphuma kwezisu. Uma umama wakho ethatha i-`DES' ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ungase ube nengozi eyengeziwe kancane yokuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho.
• Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini wakho (umama, udadewethu) eke waba nomdlavuza wesibeletho, nawe ungase ube nesifo sofuzo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile.

Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ungakhula isikhathi esingakanani ngasese?

Ngokuvamile kuthatha iminyaka emi-3 kuya kwengu-7 ukuthi izinguquko ezingavamile emangqamuzaneni omlomo wesibeletho (izimo ezingaphambi komdlavuza) zikhule zibe umdlavuza.Ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha isikhathi eside nakakhulu. Nakuba lesi sigaba somdlavuza sikhula kancane, uma sesiphenduke umdlavuza ogcwele, ukukhula kungaba ngokushesha. Yingakho sithi uma wenza izivivinyo ze-Pap njalo, amathuba akho okuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho aphansi kakhulu. Ngoba lezi zivivinyo zingabamba amangqamuzana angaphambi komdlavuza ngaphambi kokuba abe nomdlavuza.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yomdlavuza wesibeletho?

Ukutholwa nokwelashwa komdlavuza wesibeletho kusenesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila. Uma umdlavuza uqhubeka noma ukwelashwa kwephuza, izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu: Uma umdlavuza usakazeka, ikakhulukazi uma uthinta imizwa, ubuhlungu obukhulu bungaba khona.
• Ukushintsha kwesinye kanye namathumbu: Uma umdlavuza usakazekela kwesinye noma emathunjini, kungase kube nezinkinga ezinjengobunzima bokuchama kanye nokuqunjelwa.
• Ukulimala kwezinso: Uma umdlavuza uvimba umgudu womchamo, ungalimaza izinso, ekugcineni kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwezinso. Lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu ebonakala kumdlavuza osuthuthuke kakhulu.
• Amahlule egazi: Uma unomdlavuza, igazi liba "likhulu" kancane, okwandisa ingozi yamahlule egazi.
• Ukopha: Uma umdlavuza usakazekela esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, endunu, noma esinyeni, ukopha kungase kuvele kulezo zitho zomzimba.
• Imiphumela ekuzaleni noma ekukhulelweni: Kuye ngohlobo lokwelashwa (isb., ukususwa kwesibeletho), ikhono lokuthola abantwana lingase lilahleke. Uma ingxenye yomlomo wesibeletho isuswa ngokuhlinzwa, ingozi yokuphuphuma kwesisu ekukhulelweni kwesikhathi esizayo inganda.
• Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza: Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe kungabangela imiphumela emibi efana nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, ukukhathala, ukuqothuka kwezinwele, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kocansi.

Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kusabisa, kodwa khumbula, eziningi zalezi zinkinga zingavinjelwa uma umdlavuza utholakala kusenesikhathi futhi ukwelashwa kuqala.

Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho utholakala kanjani?

Umdlavuza wesibeletho uvame ukukhula kancane eminyakeni eminingi. Amaseli aphilile akhula abe amaseli angajwayelekile (amangqamuzana angaphambi komdlavuza) bese kuba amaseli anomdlavuza. Umdlavuza wesibeletho uvame ukutholakala ngokuhlolwa njalo komdlavuza wesibeletho. Umgomo oyinhloko walezi zivivinyo ukuthola izinguquko ezingavamile kumaseli esibeletho ngaphambi kokuba abe nomdlavuza.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap (Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap / i-Pap smear): Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha amaseli ambalwa ebusweni bomlomo wesibeletho, ukuwahlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope, nokuhlola noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka noma izimpawu zangaphambi komdlavuza.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV: Ngezinye izikhathi, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-Pap, noma uma ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap kungavamile, amangqamuzana omlomo wesibeletho nawo ayahlolwa igciwane le-HPV eliyingozi kakhulu.

Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-Pap yakho "ingavamile," ungakhathazeki. Akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe okwengeziwe.

Ukuhlolwa kokuqinisekisa umdlavuza:

Uma i-Pap smear ingavamile, udokotela uzokuthumela ukuze uthole ezinye izivivinyo eziningana.

• I-Colposcopy: Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile (i-colposcope) ukukhulisa umlomo wesibeletho nokubona ngokucacile noma yimaphi amangqamuzana angajwayelekile.
• I-Biopsy: Uma kutholakala indawo esolisayo ngesikhathi se-colposcopy, kuthathwa ingcezu encane yezicubu bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze kuhlolwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza le biopsy:
• `I-Punch biopsy`: Ithuluzi elincane lisetshenziswa ukususa ucezu lwezicubu ezisolisayo.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Endocervical curettage (ECC): Amaseli akhuhlwa ngaphakathi komsele womlomo wesibeletho.
• Inqubo yokususa izicubu nge-electrosurgical excision (LEEP): I-wire loop kagesi isetshenziswa ukususa izicubu ezingavamile. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa.
• `I-Cone biopsy (conization):` Ingcezu yezicubu enjenge-cone, enkulu kancane iyasuswa emlonyeni wesibeletho. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa kokubili ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa.

Uma imiphumela ye-biopsy iqinisekisa ukuthi unomdlavuza wesibeletho, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke kangakanani (usufinyelele ezingeni elifanele). Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola ukusebenza kwesibindi nezinso.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo.
• Ama-X-ray esinyini, i-rectum, amathumbu, kanye namaphaphu.
• "I-CT (Computed Tomography) scans".
• "I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) iskena".

Udokotela unquma isigaba somdlavuza ngokusekelwe olwazini olutholwe kulezi zivivinyo.

Yiziphi izigaba zomdlavuza wesibeletho?

Isigaba somdlavuza sincike ekutheni umdlavuza mkhulu kangakanani nokuthi ususakazeke kangakanani. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhleleni ukwelashwa. Kunezigaba ezine eziyinhloko zomdlavuza wesibeletho (Isigaba I kuya Esigabeni IV).

• Isigaba I: Umdlavuza uphelela emlonyeni wesibeletho. Awukasabalali uye ezicutshini ezijulile zomlomo wesibeletho.
• Isigaba II: Umdlavuza ususakazeke ngale komlomo wesibeletho kanye nesibeletho, kodwa awusakazekanga odongeni lwe-pelvic noma engxenyeni engezansi yesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• Isigaba sesi-3: Umdlavuza ususakazekele engxenyeni engezansi yesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Kungenzeka ukuthi ususakazekele odongeni lwe-pelvic, ema-ureter, kanye nasezinhlayiyeni ze-lymph eziseduze.
• Isigaba IV: Umdlavuza ususakazekele kwesinye, e-rectum, noma ezithweni ezikude njengamathambo namaphaphu.

Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi siyini isigaba somdlavuza wakho nokuthi sisho ukuthini.

Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho welashwa kanjani?

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesibeletho kuncike ezintweni eziningana. Isigaba somdlavuza, iminyaka yakho, impilo yakho jikelele, nokuthi unethemba lokuba nezingane yini esikhathini esizayo kuyacatshangelwa. Izinketho eziyinhloko zokwelapha yilezi:

• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe
• Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy

Ngezinye izikhathi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zindlela zokwelapha isetshenziswa ndawonye.

Ukuhlinzwa:

Kumdlavuza wesigaba sokuqala, amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuphela angasuswa.

• Ukuhlinzwa nge-laser: Imisebe ye-laser isetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• `Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Cryosurgery`: Amaseli omdlavuza abhujiswa ngokuwaqandisa ngokusebenzisa umkhuhlane omkhulu.
• `I-Cone biopsy` noma `LEEP`: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa kanye nokususa umdlavuza omncane kakhulu, ongaphandle.
• Ukususwa kwe-Trachelectomy: Lokhu kuhilela ukukhipha umlomo wesibeletho kanye nengxenye engenhla yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, kodwa kushiye isibeletho singathintekile. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa kwabesifazane abasebasha, ababelethayo.
• Ukususwa kwesibeletho: Ukususwa okuphelele kwesibeletho kanye nomlomo wesibeletho.
• Ukukhishwa kwesisu: Lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Isibeletho, umlomo wesibeletho, isinye, isitho sangasese sowesifazane, i-rectum, kanye nengxenye ye-colon kuyasuswa, kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke kangakanani. Lokhu kwenziwa kuphela uma umdlavuza ubuyile noma ususakazeke kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe:

Imisebe enamandla aphezulu isetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

• Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe Yangaphandle (i-EBRT): Umshini ongaphandle komzimba uqondisa imisebe endaweni yomdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa nge-Brachy: Izinto ezikhipha imisebe zifakwa ngaphakathi noma eduze kakhulu nesimila.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali:

Imithi ebulala umdlavuza (imithi ye-chemo) inikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (ngomjovo) noma njengamaphilisi. Le mithi ingena egazini futhi ihamba emzimbeni wonke ukuze ibulale amangqamuzana omdlavuza. I-Chemotherapy ivame ukunikezwa ngemijikelezo. Ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa ngemisebe kanye ne-chemotherapy kunikezwa ndawonye (i-chemoradiation) ukuze kuncishiswe umdlavuza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, noma ukubulala noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe:

Le mithi iklanyelwe ukuhlasela nokubhubhisa amaprotheni athile asiza amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukukhula nokusabalala, ngaphandle kokulimaza amangqamuzana anempilo.

Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy:

Lokhu kuhilela ukuvuselela amasosha omzimba wakho ukuze aqaphele futhi ahlasele amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizonquma uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu kuwe. Ungase futhi ube nethuba lokubamba iqhaza ezivivinyweni zemitholampilo ezihlola ukwelashwa okusha.

Ingabe umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ungalapheka ngokuphelele?

Yebo! Umdlavuza wesibeletho umdlavuza onezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuphulukiswa, ikakhulukazi uma utholakale kusenesikhathi. Odokotela basebenzisa igama elithi ``remission`` kunokuthi ``welaphekile.`` Lokhu kusho ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza emzimbeni alawulwa kwaze kwaba yilapho engasatholakali. Kodwa-ke, asengabuya. Yingakho udinga ukuqhubeka nokuhlolwa njalo. Ngomdlavuza wesibeletho wesigaba sokuqala , ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokuqala yokwelapha. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kungase kungadingeki. Kodwa lokho kuncike kwezinye izici eziningana. Nakuba kunzima ukuthola ukwelashwa okuphelele esigabeni sesi-4 , kungenzeka ukuthi ungene ku-``remission``, okusho ukuthi lesi sifo singalawulwa. Kulesi sigaba, ukwelashwa (ngemisebe, ngamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa okuqondiwe) kusanikezwa ukuze kwandiswe impilo futhi kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yokuphila.

Ingabe umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ungavinjelwa?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, yebo, umdlavuza wesibeletho ungavinjelwa kakhulu! Kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza:

• Thola umuthi wokugomela i-HPV: Thola umuthi wokugomela i-HPV uneminyaka efanele (ngokuvamile uneminyaka engu-9-26, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube ngu-45 ngeseluleko sikadokotela). Lesi yisivikelo esiyinhloko.
• Thola ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap, futhi uma kudingeka, ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV ngezikhathi ezivamile: Kusukela ngemva kweminyaka engu-21 (noma iminyaka emi-3 ngemva kokuqala ukuya ocansini), thola lokhu kuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezinconywe udokotela wakho.
• Ucansi oluphephile: Ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela ezifana namakhondomu ngesikhathi socansi kungakuvikela ezifweni ezithathelwana ngocansi, okuhlanganisa ne-HPV. Nciphisa inani labalingani bocansi.
• Gwema ukubhema: Uma ubhema, yeka. Kulabo abangabhemi, ungabhemi.

Liyini ithemba lomdlavuza wesibeletho?

Umdlavuza wesibeletho uyisifo esibi kakhulu, kodwa njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, welapheka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma utholakale kusenesikhathi. Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa udabuke, wesaba, futhi uthukuthele uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza. Thola usizo lokubhekana nale mizwa. Khuluma nomndeni wakho nabangani. Ukujoyina iqembu lokusekela umdlavuza nakho kungaba usizo kakhulu. Ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, udokotela wakho uzoqhubeka nokukuqapha ukuze abone ukuthi umdlavuza uyabuya yini. Ngisho noma ungena esimeni esibucayi, kuvamile ukuba nokwesaba okungapheli ukuthi umdlavuza uzobuya. Kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nomeluleki, othandekayo, noma udokotela wakho ngalokhu. Ngokwezibalo ezivela kwi-National Cancer Institute, amazinga okusinda kweminyaka emihlanu alandelayo:

• Uma umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ungakasabalali (otholakala endaweni): 91%
• Uma isakazekele ezicutshini eziseduze (ezifundeni): 60%
• Uma isakazekele ezithweni ezikude (ezikude): 19%

Kodwa khumbula, lezi yizibalo nje.Akunakwenzeka ukusho ngqo ukuthi kuzokwenzekani kuwe kulezi zinto. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza ulwazi olungcono kakhulu ngesimo sakho kanye namathuba akho okululama.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezimpawu ezingavamile esixoxe ngazo ngaphambilini (ukopha okungajwayelekile, ukuphuma kwegazi okungajwayelekile, ubuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi), bona udokotela ngokushesha. Futhi, uma ungakhumbuli ukuthi wagcina nini ukwenza i-Pap smear, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho futhi uqale ukuhlolwa ngesheduli evamile. Kuvamile ukuthi imibuzo eminingi ifike engqondweni yakho uma utholakale unomdlavuza wesibeletho. "Yiluphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kimi?" "Ingabe umdlavuza uzobuya?" Xoxa ngayo yonke le mibuzo kanye nokukhathazeka nethimba lakho lezokwelapha.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Nokho, sikhulume kakhulu namuhla, akunjalo? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma ufunda ngomdlavuza wesibeletho. Kodwa, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi yisifo esingavinjelwa kakhulu futhi, uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi, singalapheka ngokuphelele.

Khumbula:

* Thola umuthi wokugomela i-HPV (uma ufanelekile)

* Yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap yakho kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-HPV ngesikhathi. Lena yinto engcono kakhulu ongayenza. Ungabi namahloni noma ukuhlehlise.

* Uma unezimpawu ezingavamile (ukopha okungajwayelekile, ukuphuma kwegazi okunephunga elingavamile, ubuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi), bona udokotela ngokushesha.

* Gwema ukubhema.

* Yenza ucansi oluphephile.

Impilo yakho isezandleni zakho. Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza. Uma uneminye imibuzo, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Hlala uphilile!