Izimpethu esiswini sakho? Ingabe lokhu kumayelana ne-Ascariasis? Ake sithole!

Sawubona! Unjani? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngenkinga yezempilo engathandeki kancane, kodwa engathinta abantu abaningi. Leso yisifo sezimpethu zamathumbu esibizwa ngokuthi i-Ascariasis. Igama lingase lizwakale lingavamile, kodwa ukusho kalula, lokhu ukutheleleka okubangelwa uhlobo olukhethekile lwesimpethu esikhula emathunjini ethu. Ungakhathazeki, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula.

Iyini ngempela i-Ascariasis?

Kalula nje, i-ascariasis ukutheleleka kwamathumbu akho okubangelwa yi-roundworm ebizwa ngokuthi i-Ascaris lumbricoides. Njengezinye izimbungulu, lezi zimbungulu zisebenzisa imizimba yethu ukuqedela umjikelezo wazo wokuphila, okungukuthi, ukukhula kuze kufike lapho zibeka khona amaqanda. Uma lezi zimbungulu zikhula kahle emizimbeni yethu, zingasilimaza. I-A. lumbricoides iyi- helminth edluliselwa ngomhlabathi (STH). Cabanga nje, amaqanda alezi zimbungulu adluliselwa ngendle yomuntu onalesi sifo sezimbungulu. Uma umuntu onjalo ekhipha indle endaweni lapho kungekho khona izindlu zangasese, amaqanda atheleleka phakathi namasonto ambalwa. Ngakho-ke uma uthinta inhlabathi enjalo, okungukuthi, uma uthinta inhlabathi engcolile, ungathelela lokhu ngokungazi. Amaqanda e-A. lumbricoides angangena emzimbeni futhi abangele ukutheleleka okusha. Futhi, ungagula uma uphuza ukudla namanzi aqukethe la maqanda. Ngoba la maqanda mancane kakhulu ukuba angabonwa ngamehlo enyama. Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, la maqanda awafiki ngohlelo lwamanzi ompompi, ngoba kunezinhlelo zokwelapha. Emazweni afana ne-United States, lokhu kutheleleka kwe-ascariasis akuvamile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, ikakhulukazi lapho ukuhlanzeka kungalungile khona (isibonelo, lapho izindlu zangasese zingafinyeleleki kalula kuwo wonke umuntu), kuvame kakhulu. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthintana nale nhlabathi engcolile, ukudla, iziphuzo namanzi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-Ascariasis?

I-Ascariasis ivame ukubangelwa yi-roundworm A. lumbricoides, etholakala kubantu. Kodwa-ke, abantu bangangenwa yi-roundworm Ascaris suum, etholakala ezingulubeni. Uma ukhulisa izingulube noma usebenzisa umquba wezingulube, usengozini enkulu yokuthola lokhu kutheleleka.

Ivame kangakanani i-Ascariasis?

Eqinisweni, i-ascariasis ingenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu kubantu emhlabeni jikelele. Ithinta abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane. Yisifo esivame kakhulu sezimpethu zamathumbu. Sivame kakhulu ukutholakala ezinganeni ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo ezingenazo izindawo zokuhlanzeka.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Ascariasis?

Uma unezimpethu ezimbalwa emzimbeni wakho, kungenzeka ungabi nazimpawu.Noma, ungase uzizwe sengathi unesifo sesisu esifika sibuye sihambe. Ngezinye izikhathi uphawu lokuqala lwalesi sifo ukuthi udlula isibungu esiphilayo uma uhlanza noma uhamba ngesisu. Lezi zibungu ze-'A. lumbricoides' zifana nezibungu esizibonayo. Ziphakathi kwamasentimitha angu-6 kuya kwangu-13 ubude futhi zicishe zibe ugqinsi lwepensela. Ukuthi unezimpawu kuncike ekutheni izibungu zikuphi emzimbeni wakho. Zisezindaweni ezahlukene ezigabeni ezahlukene zomjikelezo wazo wokuphila.

Ukutheleleka emaphashini akho

Izibungu, noma izibungu, zingathelela amaphaphu akho. Lesi yisigaba sokuqala sokutheleleka. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana neze-pneumonia. Lezi zifaka:

• Ukuphefumula kuwumsindo wokukhala kwekhwela lapho uphefumula.
• Ukukhwehlela.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya .
• Imfiva.
• Nakuba kungavamile, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba (ama-Hives) kungase kwenzeke.

Kunzima ukuthola lesi sifo ngokunembile kulesi sigaba, njengoba izimpawu zifana nezinye izifo eziningi.

Ukutheleleka emathunjini akho

Izimpethu ezindala zisemathunjini akho. Kuleli qophelo, ukungakhululeki esiswini okuzwayo kungaba kuncane noma kube kubi kakhulu. Kuya ngokuthi mangaki amaqanda owadlile nokuthi zikuphi izimpethu ezindala. Izimpawu zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu .
• Ukugcwalisa isisu .
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza .
• Ngezinye izikhathi isifo sohudo .
• Ukudla akunambitheki .
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukungahlaliseki.
• Ukungalali.

Njengoba inani lezibungu emzimbeni wakho landa, izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu .

Yini ebangela i-Ascariasis?

Ungangenwa yi-ascariasis uma udla amaqanda e-roundworm yomuntu, i-A. lumbricoides. Lezi zibungu zisebenzisa umzimba wakho njengendawo enhle yokuqedela umjikelezo wazo wokuphila, okusho ukuthi ziyakhula, zihlangane, futhi zizalele amaqanda engeziwe. Lolu hlobo lwezibungu luncike emzimbeni womuntu ukuze luqedele umjikelezo walo wokuphila.

I-Ascariasis idluliselwa kanjani?

I-Ascariasis idluliselwa ngokuthintana ngesandla ngomlomo.`(ukuthintana ngesandla ngomlomo)`. Okusho ukuthi, uma umuntu ethinta into enamaqanda avundisiwe alezi zibungu ze-`A. lumbricoides` bese ewathinta ngomlomo wakhe, lawo maqanda angadliwa. Cabanga nje, ezindaweni lapho izindawo zokuhlanzeka zingalungile, abantu abanesifo se-ascariasis bangazikhulula endaweni evulekile. Kwezinye izindawo, abantu basebenzisa ngisho nendle yabantu njengomanyolo. Ngakho-ke, indle engcolile equkethe amaqanda e-`A. lumbricoides` ingatholakala emasimini, emigwaqweni, nasezingadini ngaphandle kokuthi othile azi. Abantu bangathola la maqanda amancane kakhulu ukuba angabonwa ngamehlo enyama ngaphandle kokuqaphela ngalezi zindlela:

• Uma uthinta inhlabathi engcolile bese ufaka isandla sakho emlonyeni wakho noma endaweni ezungeze umlomo wakho ngaphandle kokugeza izandla zakho.
• Uma udla izithelo nemifino etshalwe enhlabathini engcolile ngaphandle kokuyigeza ngamanzi ahlanzekile, ukuyihluba, noma ukuyipheka,
• Uma uphuza amanzi angcolile aqukethe amaqanda ezinambuzane.

Uyini umjikelezo wokuphila we-worm `A. lumbricoides`?

Uma usugwinye la maqanda, aya emathunjini akho. Lapho, akhula abe yizibungu futhi aqale ukuhamba emzimbeni wakho wonke: 1. La maqanda ahamba ngegazi lakho noma ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic bese ekugcineni eya emaphashini akho. Ahlala lapho cishe amasonto amabili. 2. Bese, ahamba ngezikhwama zomoya emaphashini akho nasemphinjeni wakho. Ube usuwagwinya futhi. 3. Izibungu ezigwinyiwe ziya emathunjini akho amancane , lapho zikhula khona zibe yizibungu ezinkulu, zihlangane, futhi ziqale ukubeka amaqanda. Insikazi eyodwa ingabeka amaqanda angaphezu kuka-200,000 ngosuku! 4. La maqanda adluliselwa emzimbeni wakho endle yakho. Lo mjikelezo wokuphila wonke ungathatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Uma esedluliselwe emzimbeni wakho endle yakho, kuthatha amasonto amaningana ukuthi la maqanda athelele komunye umuntu. La maqanda angasinda ngisho nasezimweni zezulu ezinzima kakhulu futhi angahlala ethelelana kuze kube izinyanga ezingu-17. Uma umuntu omusha edla elinye lala maqanda phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umjikelezo uqala futhi emzimbeni walowo muntu.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-Ascariasis?

Abantu abahlala noma abahamba kulezi zindawo basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-ascariasis:

• Izindawo ezinezindawo zokuhlanzeka ezilinganiselwe kanye nezindawo zezempilo, njengezindlu zangasese namanzi ahlanzekile okugeza izandla.
• Izindawo lapho kusetshenziswa khona indle yabantu (noma indle yengulube equkethe i-`A. suum`) njengomanyolo .
• Izindawo ezifudumele nezinomswakama zase-Asia, e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara, kanye naseMelika zilungele ukuba la maqanda asinde futhi atheleleke.

Ubudala buyisici esiyingozi futhi. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-8 nangaphansi zinamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yokuthi kuvamile ukuthi izingane zidlale odakeni ngaphandle bese zibeka izandla zazo emlonyeni ngaphandle kokuzigeza.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-Ascariasis?

Ukutheleleka okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, kungaholela ezinkingeni uma kungelashwa. Ezinye zingaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila uma zingelashwa, kodwa lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.

• Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu noma ukuvaleka kwemigudu yakho yokugaya ukudla: Uma izibungu ziba zinkulu kakhulu, zingavimba ingxenye noma ngokuphelele izindlela zokungena ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla ezivumela ukudla kanye nemfucuza ukuthi kudlule. Ungadinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo ukuze ususe lokhu kuvaleka.
• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu : Lokhu kuvinjelwa kungabangela izimo zokuvuvukala ezinzima, ngezinye izikhathi ezisongela ukuphila, njenge-pancreatitis, i-cholecystitis, kanye ne-cholangitis.
• Ukungondleki kahle : Ukutheleleka kungakuvimbela ekutholeni izakhamzimba ozidingayo. Uma izingane zitheleleka isikhathi eside, ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo kungabangela izinkinga zokukhula.

Khumbula, lezi zinkinga ezibangelwa yi-ascariasis zingavinjelwa uma lesi sifo sitholakala futhi selashwa ngesikhathi .

I-Ascariasis itholakala kanjani?

Uma izimpethu sezingene emathunjini akho, udokotela angakuhlola ukuthi unalo yini leli gciwane ngokuthatha isampula yendle. Bazobheka amaqanda noma izimpethu esithweni sakho. I-Ascariasis ingaba nzima ukuyihlola ngaphandle kokuthi ukutheleleka kusakazeke ngale kwamaphaphu akho. Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi kukhona ukutheleleka, angase acele i-X-ray yesifuba ukuze abheke izimpethu emaphashini akho. Ezinye izivivinyo zokuthwebula izithombe - njenge- ultrasound , i-computed tomography (CT) scans , kanye ne-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans - zingaveza izithombe ezicacile zezimpethu ezindaweni ezifana nemigudu yakho. Zingasho nokuthi ukutheleleka kwakho kukhulu kangakanani.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Ascariasis?

Imithi yokulwa namagciwane ingayilapha le nkinga. Ibulala izimpethu ezindala. Kuzodingeka uthathe lo muthi usuku olulodwa kuya kwezintathu, futhi zonke izimpethu ezinkulu zizofa. Iningi labantu lizoqala ukuzizwa lingcono futhi izimpawu zabo zizothuthuka ngokushesha ngemva kokuthatha lo muthi, ngisho nangaphambi kokuba zonke izimpethu zife. Kuvamile ukuthi izimpethu ezifile ziphume endle ngemva kokwelashwa, okungaba yinto engakhululekile. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa:

• I-Albendazole (Albendazole - Albenza®)
• I-Ivermectin (Ivermectin - Stromectol®)
• I-Pyrantel pamoate (Pin-X®) – Lokhu kungase kufaneleke kakhulu uma ukhulelwe.

Le mithi ibulala kakhulu izibungu ezindala . Izibungu azifi kalula. Ngakho-ke, kungadingeka ukuthi uphinde uthathe lo muthi cishe ngenyanga eyodwa noma ezintathu ukuze unike izibungu isikhathi sokukhula zibe ngabantu abadala futhi bazibulale nazo.

Ingabe i-Ascariasis idinga ukuhlinzwa?

Nakuba lokhu kungavamile kakhulu, uma unenkinga efana nokuvaleka kwamathumbu, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho kungadingeka asuse izimpethu noma alungise izicubu ezonakele. Ngokuvamile, odokotela benza lokhu kulungisa besebenzisa inqubo encane kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Lokhu kuhilela ukusikwa okuncane kanye nesikhathi esifushane sokululama kunokuhlinzwa okuvulekile okuvamile.

Ingabe i-Ascariasis ingavinjelwa?

Yebo, ungakwazi ngempela. Uma uhlala noma uvakashela indawo enamazinga aphezulu okutheleleka, qaphela lezi zinto:

• Ungathinti inhlabathi engase ingcoliswe ngezandla ezingagqokile , ikakhulukazi inhlabathi esetshenziswa njengomanyolo wezitshalo.
• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho ngaphambi kokulungisa ukudla nangaphambi kokudla.
• Fundisa izingane zakho ukugeza izandla zazo njalo .
• Geza, ukhiphe, futhi/noma upheke imifino nezithelo ezidliwa ziluhlaza (ikakhulukazi lezo ezikhuliswe enhlabathini evundisiwe).
• Ungazikhululi endaweni evulekile ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona izindawo zokulahla imfucuza ezifanele.

Iyini inhloso yabantu abane-ascariasis?

I-Ascariasis iyisifo esingelapheka kakhulu . Uma uthatha imithi yakho yokulwa nezibungu ngendlela efanele, ngeke ube nezinkinga zesikhathi eside. Thatha imithi yakho njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho. Landela izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka kabusha.

Kwenzekani uma i-Ascariasis ingelashwa?

Izimpethu zingaphila cishe iminyaka emibili. Uma zifa, ziyaphela uma ukhipha indle. Ngaphandle kokuthi ugwinye amaqanda futhi bese uqala kabusha umjikelezo, ukutheleleka kuyaphela uma izimpethu seziphelile. Kodwa-ke, akuwona umqondo omuhle "ukuhlala nje lapho" unegciwane le-ascariasis ngoba lingabangela izinkinga. Futhi, uma uhlala endaweni lapho ukutheleleka kuvame khona, ungaphinde utheleleke kalula. Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezimpawu zokutheleleka, noma uma ubona isimpethu, njengesimpethu i-`A. lumbricoides`, esitulweni sakho, bona udokotela ngokushesha .

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungabuza udokotela imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlolwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi nginesifo yini?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa engiludingayo?
• Ngidinga ukuthatha umuthi isikhathi esingakanani?
• Ingabe i-ascariasis izongibangela izinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngigweme ukutheleleka futhi?

I-Ascariasis igciwane elivamile lezikelemu ezizungezile elitholakala emhlabeni wonke. Lingavinjelwa uma umphakathi unenhlanzeko eyanele. Uma uhlala noma uhamba uya endaweni lapho ukutheleleka kuvame khona, siza ukuzivikela ngokugeza izandla zakho njalo. Geza izithelo nemifino kahle, uzihlubule, uzipheke, bese ulungisa okunye ukudla ngendlela efanele. Uma unezimpawu ze-ascariasis, njengobuhlungu obukhulu besisu, bheka udokotela. Imithi yokulwa namagciwane ingabulala izikelemu futhi yelaphe ukutheleleka.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

• I-Ascariasis isifo sezibungu ezithwalwa yinhlabathi . Amaqanda angena emzimbeni ngezandla ezingcolile, ukudla namanzi.
• Lokhu kuvame ukubonwa ezinganeni.
• Izimpawu zingase zinyamalale, noma ungase uzwe ubuhlungu besisu, ukukhwehlela, noma umkhuhlane.
• Lokhu kungelapheka kahle kakhulu ngemithi elula .
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uhlanzekile futhi ulandele imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka . Ukugeza izandla, ukulungiselela ukudla ngendlela efanele, kanye nemikhuba ephephile yokuzikhulula kubalulekile.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela. Hlala uphilile!