Uyafuna ukuthatha ingxenye encane yenhliziyo yakho uyihlole? Ake sixoxe ngale biopsy yenhliziyo!

Ungase wesabe kancane uma uzwa igama elithi "i-heart biopsy ." Kodwa empeleni kuwukuhlolwa okuwusizo kakhulu okungasiza ekutholeni izinkinga ezithile zenhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe. Kuyini, ubani okudingayo, kwenziwa kanjani, nokuthi kukhona yini ukukhathazeka.

Kuyini ngempela ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo?

Kalula nje, i-biopsy yenhliziyo inqubo ehilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu emisipheni yenhliziyo yakho bese uyihlola. Lena inqubo yokuxilonga esetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuthi isifo siyini ngempela. Cabanga ngakho njengokuthatha indwangu encane bese uhlola ukuthi kukhona yini okungahambi kahle ngayo.

Isampula yezicubu ithunyelwa elabhorethri. Kukhona uchwepheshe lapho, simbiza ngokuthi "udokotela wezifo". Nguye obheka lesi sicubu senhliziyo ngaphansi kwe-microscope futhi abheke noma yiziphi izinguquko, umonakalo, noma ukukhubazeka emaseli. Lokhu kusisiza ukuthi sibone kahle ukuthi kunenkinga yini ngenhliziyo.

Ingabe kukhona amanye amagama alokhu?

Yebo, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi basebenzisa amanye amagama. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nalawa magama:

• `(I-cardiac biopsy)` (I-cardiac biopsy ) – "I-cardiac" isho futhi okuhlobene nenhliziyo.
• `(I-Endomyocardial biopsy)` (I-Endomyocardial biopsy) – Igama elithi "Endo" lisho ngaphakathi, kanti elithi "myocardial" lisho imisipha yenhliziyo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ithathwe engxenyeni engaphakathi yemisipha yenhliziyo.
• I-biopsy ye-myocardial - I-biopsy ethathwe ngqo emisipheni yenhliziyo.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukusho kanjani, incazelo iyisivivinyo esifanayo.

Ubani odinga ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo?

Akuwona wonke umuntu okuzodingeka akwenze lokhu, kodwa kunezimo ezithile ezikhethekile lapho lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.

Kulabo abake bafakelwa inhliziyo (ukufakelwa inhliziyo)

Ake sithi othile ufakwe inhliziyo entsha. Uma lokho kwenzeka, lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kufanele kwenziwe njalo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umzimba uyayenqaba yini inhliziyo entsha ( ukwenqatshwa kwezitho ). Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kungathola ukwenqatshwa ngaphambi kokuba kubonise noma yiziphi izimpawu. Futhi uma kwenzeka, kungathola nokuthi yini ebangele lokho.

• Ezigabeni zokuqala ngemva kokufakelwa inhliziyo, lokhu kungadingeka kwenziwe mhlawumbe kanye ngesonto.
• Ngemva kwalokho, cishe unyaka wonke, ungakwenza kanye njalo emavikini ayisithupha noma kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu.

Thola ezinye izimo zenhliziyo

Ngaphezu kokufakelwa inhliziyo, lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kusiza ekuxilongeni ezinye izifo eziningana zenhliziyo . Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• `(ATTR (transthyretin) amyloidosis)`: Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi uhlobo oluthile lweprotheni olukhiqizwa emzimbeni wethu lufakwa enhliziyweni bese luyilimaza.
• `(I-Cardiomyopathy)` (I-Cardiomyopathy):Lokhu kubhekisela ezifweni ezenzeka emisipheni yenhliziyo. Isibonelo "yi-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ", lapho izindonga zenhliziyo ziba ziningi kakhulu.
• Ubuthi benhliziyo: Eminye imithi ye-chemotherapy ingalimaza inhliziyo. Lokhu kwenziwa futhi ukuhlola umonakalo onjalo.
• Umdlavuza wenhliziyo: Akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa umdlavuza ungavela nasenhliziyweni.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: Lapho inhliziyo iba buthakathaka futhi ingakwazi ukupompa igazi kahle emzimbeni.
• Ukutheleleka kwenhliziyo: Isibonelo, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-myocarditis." Kulokhu, imisipha yenhliziyo iyavuvukala, okusho ukuthi iyavuvukala.
• I-Sarcoidosis : Lesi yisifo lapho kwakheka khona ukuvuvukala okuncane (njengamaqhubu) ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba, okuhlanganisa nenhliziyo.

Ingabe bakhona abantu abangafuni ukwenza lokhu?

Nakuba lokhu ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokuhlola ephephile, kungaba yingozi kancane kwabanye abantu. Isibonelo, abantu abanezifo ezithile ze-valve yenhliziyo basengozini enkulu kancane yezinkinga. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi lokhu kuhlola kulungile yini kuwe.

Ubani owenza lokhu kuhlolwa kwenhliziyo?

Lokhu kwenziwa ngudokotela wenhliziyo . Uqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ukwenza lezi zivivinyo. Inqubo esetshenziswa kulokhu ibizwa ngokuthi i-cardiac catheterization. Kalula nje, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokudlulisa ipayipi elincane kakhulu neliguquguqukayo (i-catheter) ngemithambo yegazi iye enhliziyweni.

Kufanele sizilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy?

Uma unquma ukwenza i-biopsy, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngalokhu okulandelayo:

• Kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, kanye nezithasiselo ozisebenzisayo njengamanje.
• Eminye imithi, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi, kungadingeka iyekwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
• Uzocelwa futhi ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho (ngokushesha) amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Uma kukhona ongakuqondi, buza futhi.

Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy?

Lokhu kuvame ukuba inqubo yokulaliswa esibhedlela, okusho ukuthi ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku ngaphandle kokuhlala esibhedlela. Yonke inqubo ithatha cishe ihora.

• Uzonikezwa umuthi wokudambisa ukuze uphumule futhi ulale kancane.
• Kunikezwa ne-anesthetic ukuze kuncishiswe indawo lapho kwenziwa khona i-biopsy.
• Uvukile, kodwa akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho, ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Ungase uzizwe ucindezelwa kancane.
• Ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, uzodinga umuntu ozokuhambisa ekhaya ngemoto futhi ahlale nawe isikhashana ngenkathi ululama.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi se-biopsy?

Uma udokotela wakho enza lokhu, ubheka izithombe zenhliziyo yakho kanye nemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-X-ray ye-fluoroscopy (i-X-ray ebonakala njalo) noma i-transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) ( ukuskena kwenhliziyo ).

Nakhu okwenzekayo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo:

1. Udokotela ufaka ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) enhliziyweni yakho ngomthambo wegazi omkhulu ongalweni noma emlenzeni wakho.

2. Bese kuthi, ngaleyo tube, kufakwe enye into enhle (i-'bioptome'), njenge-forceps encane, enhliziyweni.

3. Kusetshenziswa i-"bioptome", izingcezu eziningana ezincane kakhulu (mhlawumbe ezincane njengekhanda lephini) ziyasikwa emsipheni wenhliziyo.

4. Bese kukhishwa i-bioptome kanye nezingcezu zezicubu bese kuthi izicubu zithunyelwe elabhorethri ukuze zihlolwe.

5. Ekugcineni, susa i-catheter bese ufaka ibhandishi lokucindezela ukuze umise ukopha.

Ngeke uzizwe ungakhululekile uma konke lokhu kwenzeka.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy?

Ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazokuqapha amahora ambalwa ukuze babone ukuthi kukhona yini izinkinga. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kuzothathwa ama-X-ray esifubeni sakho ukuze kuhlolwe noma yiziphi izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• I-Pneumothorax
• I-Hemothorax (ukuqoqwa kwegazi phakathi kwamaphaphu nodonga lwesifuba)

Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufanele ugweme ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo noma ukwenza umsebenzi onzima cishe amahora angama-24. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ukwazi ukuya emsebenzini futhi wenze imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke evamile kusukela ngosuku olulandelayo.

Ingabe kukhona izingozi kulokhu?

Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo kuyindlela ephephile kakhulu.

• Izinkinga ezincane zenzeka ngaphansi kwama-6% ezimweni. Isibonelo, ukuphuka okuncane noma ukuphuma kwegazi okuncane endaweni yepayipi. Lokhu kuvame ukuxazululeka zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa.
• Izinkinga ezinkulu zenzeka kaningi, ngaphansi kuka-1%. Kodwa-ke, kuhle ukuqaphela izinkinga ezingaba khona. Lezi zifaka:
• Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia).
• Amahlule egazi. Lokhu kungakheka emaphashini (pulmonary embolism), emithanjeni yemilenze (deep vein thrombosis - DVT), noma ebuchosheni bese kubangela isifo sohlangothi.
• Ukulimala noma ukubhoboka kwemithambo yegazi.
• Iphaphu eligobile.
• Igazi eligcwalisa isifuba (i-Hemothorax).
• Ukutheleleka noma ukopha kwangaphakathi endaweni yokuhlolwa kwegazi.
• Ukulimala kwemizwa.
• Ukuphuma kwegazi kwe-pericardial.
• Ukuvaleka okuncane kwezimpawu zikagesi zenhliziyo (ibhulokhi yegatsha lesikhwama sokudla).
• Ukubuyela emuva kwegazi kuwukugeleza kwegazi emuva nge-valve ye-tricuspid yenhliziyo.

Ungakhathazeki uma uzwa ngalezi zingozi. Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngazo zonke lezi zinto. Amathuba okuthi lokhu kwenzeke mancane kakhulu.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola umbiko?

Imiphumela ye-heart biopsy ivame ukutholakala zingakapheli amahora angama-24 kuya kwangu-48, noma cishe usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili . Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela imiphumela. Kuye ngemiphumela, kungadingeka ukuthi wenze ezinye izivivinyo.

Ngingashayela nini udokotela ucingo?

Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya ngemva kokuhlolwa kwegazi, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu , kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha, noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze:

• Isiyezi.
• Uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo kushesha ngendlela engavamile, kuhamba kancane kakhulu, noma kungajwayelekile (Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile).
• Ukuphelelwa umoya noma izinkinga zokuphefumula.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba, umuzwa wokuqina esifubeni (lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo)
• Izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi: Isibonelo, ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba, ukungakwazi ukukhuluma, umlomo udonseleke ohlangothini olulodwa.
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane kanye nokubanda.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto okudingeka sizikhumbule kulokhu?

Kulungile, ake siphinde sixoxe ngamaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kulokho esikhulume ngakho.

• I-biopsy yenhliziyo ukususwa kwengxenye encane yezicubu enhliziyweni ukuze ihlolwe.
• Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubalulekile , ikakhulukazi kulabo abathola ukufakelwa inhliziyo, ukuhlola ukwenqatshwa nokuthola ezinye izifo zenhliziyo (njenge-cardiomyopathy, umdlavuza wenhliziyo, kanye nokutheleleka) .
• Lokhu kwenziwa ngudokotela wezifo zenhliziyo, esebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuthi "i-cardiac catheterization".
• Lokhu ukuhlolwa okuvame ukwenziwa ngaphandle kokuhlala esibhedlela, futhi ungalulama ngokushesha.
• Nakuba kunezingozi ezincane, lokhu kuphephile kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi wenze i-biopsy yenhliziyo, ungesabi ukukwenza, khumbula lolu lwazi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokucophelela, futhi ubuze noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo. Lokhu kungaba yisinyathelo esibalulekile empilweni yenhliziyo yakho!

` I-biopsy yenhliziyo, i-biopsy yenhliziyo, isifo senhliziyo, ukuhlolwa kwezicubu zenhliziyo, ukufakelwa kwenhliziyo, ukuxilongwa kwesifo senhliziyo, ukufakwa kwe-catheter