Ake sixoxe ngohlelo lwamathambo (uhlelo lwemisipha) olunikeza umzimba wakho amandla.

Wake wazibuza ukuthi umzimba wakho uthola kanjani isimo sawo, ukuthi uvikela kanjani izitho ezibucayi ezingaphakathi kuwe njengenhliziyo namaphaphu akho? Futhi ubani okusiza ukuthi ushukumise izitho zakho, ugijime, futhi ugxume ngendlela othanda ngayo? Konke lokhu kusizwa uhlelo olumangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Leso uhlelo lwamathambo, noma silubiza ngokuthi ``Skeletal System`` noma ``Musculoskeletal System``.

Iyini iSkeletal System?

Kalula nje, uhlelo lwakho lwamathambo luyisakhiwo esiyinhloko sokusekela umzimba wakho esiza ekubambeni izitho zakho zangaphakathi. Lufana nezindonga zendlu. Kodwa alulona uhlaka lwamathambo kuphela. Lungaphezu nje kwamathambo. Luphinde lwakhiwe ngezicubu ezixhumanisayo ezikuvikelayo futhi ezikunika amandla lapho ushukuma, imisipha ekusiza ukuthi ushukume, kanye nohlelo olwenza amangqamuzana egazi amasha ukuze uhlale uphilile. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi lubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwemisipha. Luhlelo oluxhumanisa imisipha namathambo.

Yiziphi izinsizakalo ezinikezwa uhlelo lwamathambo emizimbeni yethu?

Uhlelo lwethu lwamathambo lwenza imisebenzi eminingana emzimbeni wethu. Eminye yayo kulula ukuyibona nokuyizwa. Kodwa eminye ayinjalo, futhi yonke ibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu nasempilweni yethu. Ake sibheke le misebenzi eyinhloko:

• Ukuma komzimba: Uhlaka lwakho lwamathambo yilona olusekela isisindo somzimba wakho wonke. Yilapho futhi kufakwe khona zonke ezinye izicubu emzimbeni wakho, njengezinsika zetende.
• Ukusiza ngokunyakaza: Amalunga akho, izicubu ezixhumanisayo, kanye nemisipha konke kusebenza ndawonye ukuze kushukumise, kusunduze, futhi kudonse izingxenye zomzimba wakho. Cabanga ngakho, uma uphakamisa ingalo noma ugoba umlenze, konke kusebenza ndawonye.
• Ukuvikela Izitho Zangaphakathi: Eqinisweni, uhlaka lomuntu lufana nesembatho sokuvikela izitho ezingaphakathi kwemizimba yethu. Ugebhezi olusekhanda lakho luvikela ubuchopho bakho. Izimbambo esifubeni sakho zivikela inhliziyo namaphaphu akho. Amathambo angemuva kwakho avikela umgogodla wakho. Bheka ukuthi abaluleke kangakanani!
• Ukwakha amangqamuzana egazi amasha: Umnkantsha, otholakala enkabeni yamathambo athile, wenza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amasha kanye namangqamuzana egazi amhlophe okudingeka imizimba yethu ihlale iphilile. Lena inqubo ebaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukugcinwa kwamaminerali: Amaminerali anjenge-calcium ne-vitamin D, abalulekile emizimbeni yethu, agcinwa ngaphakathi kwamathambo ethu. Lawa akhishwa emzimbeni uma kudingeka.

Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko zesimiso samathambo?

Uma ucabanga ngohlelo lwamathambo, cishe ucabanga ngohlaka lwamathambo oluyipulasitiki owawunalo ekilasini lesayensi yesikole, akunjalo? Impela, lunawo wonke amathambo akho kulo. Kodwa, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezicubu ohlelweni lwakho lwamathambo. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• Amathambo: Amathambo ayisakhiwo esiyinhloko esisekela umzimba wakho. Kunamathambo aphakathi kuka-206 no-213 emzimbeni womuntu omdala. Ithambo ngalinye linesimo nomsebenzi othile.
• Imisipha: Imisipha yakhiwe ngemicu elukiwe kahle, enwebekayo. Kunemisipha engaphezu kuka-600 emzimbeni wakho. Yilena ekusiza ukuthi wenze konke kusukela ekuhambeni, ekugijimeni, nasekugxumeni kuya ekuphefumuleni nasekugayeni ukudla.
• I-Cartilage: I-Cartilage iyisicubu esiqinile, kodwa esiguquguqukayo. Isebenza njengesithambisi sokushaqeka emalungeni ethu. Okusho ukuthi, imunca ukushaqeka okwenzeka lapho sinyakaza futhi sigxuma futhi ivikele amathambo.
• Ama-Ligaments: Ama-Ligaments ayizicucu eziqinile ezixhumanisa amathambo. Yilezi ezigcina amalunga eqinile.
• Ama-Tendon: Ama-Tendon ayizakhiwo eziqinile, ezifana nentambo ezixhumanisa imisipha namathambo. Uma ufinyeza imisipha, i-tendon iyadonsa ithambo, okubangela ukunyakaza.
• Amalunga: Ilunga liyinoma iyiphi indawo lapho amathambo amabili noma ngaphezulu ehlangana khona. Lingase libe nengxenye (noma yonke) ye-cartilage eshiwo ngenhla, imisipha, nezinye izingxenye. Amalunga yiwo asivumela ukuthi sigobe futhi sandise imizimba yethu.

Yiziphi izifo ezivamile ezithinta uhlelo lwamathambo?

Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lwethu lwamathambo luyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yendlela esisebenzisa ngayo imizimba yethu, izifo eziningi ezivamile kanye nokulimala kungaluthinta. Noma yini elimaza amathambo akho noma izicubu ezixhumene nayo ingathinta uhlelo lwamathambo. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• I-Arthritis: Yilapho amalunga evuvukala khona, okubangela ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
• I-Bursitis: Ukuvuvukala kwezikhwama ezigcwele uketshezi ezibizwa ngokuthi i-bursa eduze kwamalunga.
• I-Tendinitis: Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha.
• I-Osteoporosis: Lesi yisimo lapho amathambo eba mancane, angaqini kahle, futhi aphuke kalula. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu uma umuntu ekhula.

Izifo eziningi zokuzivikela komzimba zithinta uhlelo lwemisipha, ikakhulukazi amalunga. Lezi yizifo lapho amasosha omzimba wethu ehlasela khona amangqamuzana ethu. Ezinye zalezi zifo zifaka:

• Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
• I-Psoriatic arthritis
• I-Lupus
• Isifo sikaSjögren

Ukuwa, izingozi zezimoto, kanye nokulimala kwezemidlalo (ukuhlukumezeka) kuvame ukubangela umonakalo ohlelweni lwamathambo. Ezinye izingozi ezivamile zifaka:

• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo
• Ukuphuka kwamathambo (noma amathambo aphukile)
• Ukuhlukana kwamathambo - amathambo esilungwini asuka endaweni yawo.
• Ukucindezeleka kwemisipha (noma imisipha edonswe)
• Ukudabuka nokuklwebheka kwemisipha

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zenkinga yesistimu yamathambo?

Ngenxa yokuthi izifo eziningi kanye nokulimala kungathinta uhlelo lwamathambo, ungase ube nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi, kufanele uzazi.

• Ubuhlungu: Kungaba ubuhlungu bemisipha, ubuhlungu bamalunga, noma ubuhlungu bamathambo. Lobuhlungu bungatholakala endaweni ethile noma busakazeke kabanzi.
• Ukuqina/Ukuqina: Ungase uzizwe kunzima ukuhambisa indawo ethintekile, ikakhulukazi ekuseni.
• Ukuvuvukala: Siphinde sikubize ngokuthi `(ukuvuvukala)`. Indawo ethintekile ingase ibonakale ivuvukele.
• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba noma ukuklwebheka: Lokhu kungabonakala uma kukhona ukulimala.
• Ukuzizwa ushisa: Indawo ingase izwakale ishisa kunezinye izindawo uma uyithinta. Lokhu futhi kuyisibonakaliso sokuvuvukala.
• Ubunzima bokuhambisa ingxenye yomzimba: Lokhu kusho ukuthi ububanzi bokunyakaza okungahanjiswa ngokuvamile buyancipha.
• Ukuzwa noma ukuzwa umsindo othi 'pop' noma umsindo osilayo: Lolu hlobo lomsindo lungezwakala uma ilungu lishukunyiswa.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezivamile ezenziwa ohlelweni lwamathambo?

Udokotela uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okusekelwe ekutheni ubuhlungu bukuphi noma ezinye izimpawu. Kungadingeka ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ama-X-ray: Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ukuhlola izinto ezifana nokuqhekeka kanye noshintsho emalungeni.
• I-Ultrasound: Isetshenziselwa ukubheka izinkinga ngezicubu ezithambile njengemisipha, imisipha, kanye nemisipha.
• I-CT scan (`I-computed tomography (CT) scan`): Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi zamathambo nezicubu ezizungezile.
• I-MRI (i-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu ekutholeni izinkinga ngezinto ezifana namalunga, i-cartilage, imisipha, imisipha, kanye nentambo yomgogodla.
• Ukuhlolwa kobuningi bamathambo (i-DXA scan): Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi amathambo akho aqine kangakanani nokuthi unesifo esifana ne-osteoporosis.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zesistimu yamathambo?

Ngaphandle kokuthi unesifo noma ukulimala okucashile, uhlelo lwakho lwemisipha ngokuvamile aludingi ukwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzonquma imbangela yezimpawu zakho futhi ancome ukwelashwa okuzosiza umzimba wakho ululame. Ezinye zalezi zifo zifaka:

• Imithi: Ungathatha imithi efana nemithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona i-steroidal (ama-NSAID) njenge-ibuprofen, i-naproxen, kanye ne-acetaminophen ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-corticosteroids noma imithi ethile yesifo sokuzivikela komzimba.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhamba:Ngemva kokulimala, kuzodingeka ugqoke i-brace, i-splint, i-sling, noma i-cast. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimba indawo elimele futhi kuyisize iphole. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi hlobo luni oludingayo nokuthi kufanele ulugqoke isikhathi esingakanani.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Udokotela wezokwelapha ngokomzimba angakusiza ukuqinisa imisipha, andise ukuguquguquka, futhi anciphise ubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokulimala noma ukuhlinzwa.
• Ukufakelwa kwamalunga (i-Arthroplasty (ukufakelwa kwamalunga): Abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi labo abane-arthritis enzima, kungadingeka ukuthi kufakwe ingxenye noma wonke amalunga abo. Izinqe namadolo yizona ezivame kakhulu. Udokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo uzokutshela okwengeziwe ngalokhu.

Ngingawugcina kanjani umzimba wami uphilile?

Ukulandela ukudla okunempilo (okucebile nge-calcium ne-vitamin D) kanye nohlelo lokuzivocavoca olukufanele kuzosiza ukugcina amathambo akho (kanye nawo wonke umzimba) ephilile. Futhi, ngokuya kokuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha, ungasheshe ubone noma yiziphi izinkinga noma izimpawu ezithinta uhlelo lwakho lwamathambo.

Landela lawa macebiso okuphepha ukuze unciphise ingozi yokulimala:

• Gqoka ibhande lakho lesihlalo njalo uma ushayela. Nakanjani!
• Gqoka izinto zokuzivikela kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi noma ezemidlalo, njengesigqoko sokuzivikela kanye nama-knee pad.
• Yelula, ufudumale, bese uphola ngaphambi nangemva komsebenzi onzima womzimba. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ingozi yokulimala kwemisipha namalunga.
• Gcina ikhaya lakho nendawo yakho yokusebenza ingenazo izinto ezingadingekile ezingakukhubekisa noma zikhube abanye. Ungashiyi izinto phansi.
• Sebenzisa amathuluzi noma imishini efanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze ufinyelele izinto eziphakeme ekhaya lakho. Ungalokothi ukhwele ezihlalweni, ematafuleni, noma emakhawunteni. Sebenzisa into efana neladi elincane.
• Uma unenkinga yokuhamba noma usengozini enkulu yokuwa, sebenzisa induku noma i-walker. Akuhlazisi, kubalulekile ukuphepha.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:

Uhlelo lwakho lwamathambo lufana nohlaka olubamba wonke umzimba wakho ndawonye. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumsubathi wezinga lomhlaba noma othile ohleli ebhasini ofunda lesi sihloko ocingweni lwakhe, uhlala usebenzisa amathambo akho, imisipha, kanye nezicubu ezixhumeneyo.

Khumbula, uma uzwa ubuhlungu obusha, ukuqina, noma ezinye izimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.Uzobe esekuchazela ukuthi yini ebangela lezi zimpawu nokuthi ungabuyela kanjani emisebenzini yakho evamile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela umzimba wakho!

` Uhlelo lwamathambo, uhlaka lwamathambo, imisipha, amalunga, impilo yamathambo, izifo zamathambo, ukuma komzimba