Ubuwazi ngemithambo yegazi emincane (ama-capillary aqinile) anamafasitela emzimbeni wakho?

Wake wazibuza ukuthi imithambo yegazi emincane engaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, ebizwa ngokuthi ama-capillary, ibaluleke kangakanani? Amanye ama-capillary anezimbobo ezincane 'ezifana namafasitela' kuwo. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ama-capillary aqinile. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngale mithambo yegazi emangalisayo, ukuthi iyini, ikuphi, yenzani, nokuthi singayigcina kanjani iphilile.

Ziyini lezi zinhlayiya ze-fenestrated capillaries?

Kulungile, ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezi zinhlayiya eziqinile. Igama lesiLatini elithi 'fenestrae' lisho 'ifasitela.' Ngakho-ke lezi zimbobo ezincane kulezi zinhlayiya, njengamafasitela, zivumela izinhlayiya ezinkulu namaprotheni, njengegazi, ukuthi zidlule ziye ezithweni zethu ezibalulekile nasema-gland. Kalula nje, zisebenza njengohlelo lokuhlunga olukhethekile . Yilapho imizimba yethu ishintshana khona ngalokho ekudingayo nalapho ingakudingi khona.

Zikuphi lezi zinto emizimbeni yethu? Uyini umsebenzi wazo?

Manje ungase uzibuze, 'Zikuphi lezi zinto emizimbeni yethu? Zenzani?' Ama-capillary ane-fenestrated atholakala ngobuningi ezinso zethu, emathunjini amancane , kuma-pancreas, nasezindlala ze-endocrine . Lezi zitho zidinga njalo ukushintshana ngezakhamzimba kanye nemikhiqizo engcolile phakathi kwama-capillary nezicubu. Ama-pores kula ma-capillary enza lokhu kushintshana kube lula kakhulu.

Iyini indima yalezi zinto ezinso?

Ama-capillary ane-fenestrated abaluleke kakhulu ezinso zethu. Izinso zinezinhlayiya zokuhlunga ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-nephron . Cabanga nje, kunezinhlayiya ezingaba yisigidi ezinso elilodwa! Akumangalisi lokho? Ngaphakathi kwe-nephron ngayinye kuneqoqo lama-capillary ane-fenestrated aqoqene ndawonye njengebhola. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-glomerulus . Yilokhu okusebenza njengesihlungi esiyinhloko .

Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa futhi kunezinye izinhlayiya eziningi ezigcwele igazi ezizungeze imigudu ngaphakathi kwama-nephron. Zihlangene, lezi zisiza izinso ukuhlunga imfucuza egazini, zenze umchamo, futhi zimunce izakhamzimba ezidingwa ngumzimba. Kufana nesihlungi samanzi endlini yethu, kodwa kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

Lokhu kuzisiza kanjani ezinye izinzwa?

• Emathunjini amancane: Lawa ma-capillary asiza ekumunceni izakhamzimba ekudleni esikudlayo. Lawa ma-hole avumela izinto ezinjengamavithamini namaminerali ukuthi zingene kalula egazini.
• Uma uthatha i-pancreas: Kubalulekile ukwengeza ama-enzyme nama-hormone egazini asiza ekugayeni ukudla, ikakhulukazi ushukela namafutha.
• Kusukela kuma-gland e-endocrine:Lezi zindlala zithumela ama-hormone emzimbeni wethu wonke. La ma-hormone alawula izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa isimo sethu sengqondo nokukhula. La ma-capillary nawo adinga usizo ngalokho.

Zibukeka kanjani lezi zinhlayiya ze-fenestrated capillaries?

Cabanga ukuthi la ma-capillary mancane kangakanani. Ama-capillary amaningi angobubanzi obungama -micrometer amathathu noma amane kuphela. Lokho kucishe kube usayizi we-spider web! Athambile kakhulu, akunjalo? Anezendlalelo ezimbili zamaseli.

Ingqimba yangaphakathi yamaseli ibizwa ngokuthi amaseli e-endothelial . Ingqimba yangaphandle ibizwa ngokuthi amaseli e-epithelial . Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bayibiza ngokuthi i-basement membrane .

Ama-capillary ane-fenestrated abonakala ngemigodi emincane esendlaleloni yawo yangaphakathi. Imbobo ngayinye (noma 'ifasitela') ine-membrane encane. Isebenza njenge -diaphragm , isembozo esincane esingavulwa futhi sivalwe. Le membrane ivumela izinhlayiya ezinkulu (njengamaminerali) ukuthi zidlule kulezi zimbobo kalula.

Yiziphi izifo ezithinta la ma-capillary?

Ngakho-ke, ngisho nama-capillary ane-fenestrated, enza umsebenzi obaluleke kangaka, ngezinye izikhathi angakha izifo.

• Isifo Sezinso Esingapheli (CKD): Abantu abanalesi simo bavame ukuba nezinkinga ngala ma-capillary. Ikakhulukazi, ama-capillary asezinso angonakala. Lokhu kusiza ekuhlungeni imfucuza evela ezinso. Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin D, ukuvuvukala, kanye nezifo ezahlukahlukene kungalimaza la ma-capillary futhi kunciphise ubuningi bawo. Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi i-capillary rarefaction . Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ama-capillary akho awasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kungaholela ku -hypertension , okuyi-high blood pressure, kanye nezinye izinkinga zempilo.
• Ezinye izifo zezinso: Ezinye izifo zezinso, njenge- glomerulonephritis, zingathinta yonke inqubo yokuhlunga izinso. Isifo sezinso empeleni sivame kakhulu. Uma singelashwa kahle, singaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso .

Akekho kithi ofuna ukuba nezinkinga zezinso, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zinto.

• I-Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome (SCLS): Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu, kodwa esingaba yingozi empilweni. Sibangela umonakalo ezindongeni zama-capillary. Lokhu kungabangela ukwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi.

Sizigcina kanjani lezi zinhlayiya zegazi ezifakwe i-fenestrated ziphilile?

Manje ungase ucabange, 'Kulungile, uma lokhu kubaluleke kangaka, singakugcina kanjani kuphilile?' Eqinisweni, ukuze sigcine lawa ma-capillary aqinile ephilile, sidinga ukunaka impilo yethu iyonke . Lawa ma-capillary asiza izinhlelo eziningi emzimbeni wethu ukuthi zisebenze kahle. Ayingxenye yesimiso sethu sokujikeleza kwegazi . Leso simiso sihlanganisa yonke eminye imithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi, kanye nemithambo yegazi.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo zemithambo yegazi , noma izifo ezihlobene nemithambo yegazi, zingathinta ukusebenza kwazo zonke izinhlobo zama-capillary. Ngakho-ke, kunezinto ezimbalwa esingazenza ukuze sizivikele kulezi zifo nakwezinye izinkinga zempilo:

• Kubalulekile ukuzivocavoca nokuhlala usebenza. Ukuzivocavoca umzimba nsuku zonke kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukunciphisa utshwala, nokukhetha ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kuyinto wonke umuntu akhuluma ngayo kulezi zinsuku, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukulondoloza isisindo esinempilo. Uma ukhuluphele noma ukhuluphele , zama ukunciphisa isisindo.
• Uma unezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme , kubalulekile ukuzilawula kahle. Kufanele ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela.
• Uma ubhema, yeka. Lokhu akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula, kuyimbangela yezifo eziningi.

Kufanele simbone nini udokotela ngalezi zinhlayiya zegazi?

Ngokuvamile asiyi kudokotela sicabanga ngama-capillary. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu ezithile, kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yenkinga ngala ma-capillary aqinile.

Izimpawu zesifo sezinso:

Kufanele ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma ubonisa izimpawu zesifo sezinso. Hlola ukuthi unalezi zimpawu:

• Izinguquko kumchamo: Lokhu kungafaka igazi emchameni (hematuria) , iphrotheni emchameni (proteinuria) , noma isidingo somchamo njalo.
• Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, noma ubunzima bokulala.
• Ukudla akunambitheki.
• Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala eduze kwamehlo izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbalwa.
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, sicela ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha. Nakuba lezi ngezinye izikhathi zivamile, kubalulekile ukuqaphela inkinga yezinso kusenesikhathi.

Izimpawu ze-Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome (SCLS):

Leso simo esingavamile kakhulu okukhulunywe ngaso ngaphambili, i-Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome (SCLS), lapho umfutho wegazi wehla khona ngokuzumayo. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Uma umfutho wegazi wakho wehla ngokuzumayo futhi unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo:

• Ubuhlungu besisu kanye nesicanucanu.
• Ukukhwehlela nokuzizwa sengathi isifuba siqinile.
• Ukuvuvukala (i-edema), ikakhulukazi emilenzeni nasezingalweni.
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukukhathala, isiyezi kanye nokuquleka.

Umyalezo esifuna ukuwuyisa ekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho ngicabanga ukuthi uyaqonda kahle lawa ma-capillary aqinile esikhulume ngawo namuhla. Khumbula, lawa ma-blood vessels amancane 'anefasitela' ayingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi. Abalulekile ekuhlungeni imfucuza evela ezinso zethu, ekwenzeni umchamo, ekumunceni izakhamzimba emathunjini ethu, nasekuthumeleni ama-hormone emzimbeni wethu wonke.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze sigcine la ma-capillary amancane kodwa anamandla ephilile, sidinga ukunakekela impilo yethu iyonke . Yidla ukudla okunempilo, ugcine isisindo esinempilo, uhlale usebenza, futhi uthole ukuhlolwa njalo njengoba kunconywe udokotela. Lezi zinto zizokwenza inkonzo enhle 'emafasiteleni' ethu amancane kanye nasemzimbeni wethu wonke. Uyakwazi?

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho. Uzokwazi ukukunikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ama- Capillaries Ane-Fenestrated, Ama-Capillaries, Izinso, Ama-Nephron, Ukujikeleza Kwegazi, Impilo