Uyazi ngalo mthambo wegazi obaluleke kakhulu enhliziyweni yakho? (Kwesobunxele Ngaphambili Ukwehla Kwemithambo) Ake sixoxe!

Wake wezwa nge-`(Left Anterior Descending Artery)` noma `(LAD artery)`? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho uke wakhuluma ngayo, noma uke wafunda ngayo ndawana thize. Lona umthambo wegazi obaluleke kakhulu enhliziyweni yethu. Eqinisweni, ufana negazi lenhliziyo yethu. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngalo `(LAD artery)`, ukuthi wenzani, izinkinga ezingabangelwa yiwo, nokuthi singawunakekela kanjani ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Kuyini lokhu `(Umthambo Wenhliziyo Owehlayo Ngaphambili Ngakwesobunxele)`? Kufana nemephu yenhliziyo!

Kalula nje, i-`(Left Anterior Descendeng Artery)` yakho, noma masiyibize ngokuthi `(LAD)` ngamafuphi, ingenye yamagatsha amabili e-`(left main coronary artery)` ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo yakho. Igama elithi ``Anterior'' lisho ``phambili.'' Lokhu kusho ukuthi lo mthambo wegazi uhlinzeka kakhulu ngegazi ngaphambili kwenhliziyo yakho. Cabanga ngakho, igumbi eliyinhloko lokupompa ohlangothini olungezansi kwesobunxele lwenhliziyo yakho, i-`(ventricle),'' yilona elithola igazi elinomoya-mpilo omningi kule `(LAD). Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa kukhona izicubu zemisipha ezihlukanisa izindonga zenhliziyo, sikubiza ngokuthi `( Septum ),'' futhi le `(LAD)` nayo ihlinzeka ngegazi kuyo.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela babiza lo mthambo wegazi ngokuthi "igatsha elingaphakathi kwe-anterior." Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, umsebenzi walo ulula kakhulu - ukuthwala igazi liye enhliziyweni!

Kodwa nansi into okufanele uyiqaphele: Uma lo mthambo we-`(LAD)` uvaleka ngokuphelele, ungabangela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi `( ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo komfelokazi)`. Ukuzwa leli gama kungaba yinto eyesabekayo kancane, ngoba lolu hlobo lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo luvame ukuba yingozi. Yingakho kudingeka siqaphele kakhulu ngale `(LAD)`.

Kwenzekani ngempela nge-`(LAD)`? Umhlinzeki oyinhloko wenhliziyo!

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-LAD iwumthambo omkhulu wenhliziyo enhliziyweni yakho. Lena uhlobo olukhethekile lomthambo wegazi enhliziyweni, ingxenye yohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi oluthwala igazi emizimbeni yethu yonke. Ungacabanga, cishe ingxenye yegazi elidingwa yinhliziyo yakho lithwalwa yi-LAD! Lokho kusho ukuthi libalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwenhliziyo.

Kuphi lokhu `(LAD)`?

Sithi umthambo omkhulu wenhliziyo ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo yakho uhlukana ube amagatsha amabili. Lawo magatsha amabili yi-Left Anterior Descending Artery kanye ne-Circumflex Artery. Njengoba nje umgwaqo uhlukana ube yizimbili, lo mthambo omkhulu nawo uhlukana ube yizicucu ezimbili lapha. Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi ukuhlukana. Lo mthambo we-LAD utholakala ngaphakathi kwe-membrane evikelayo ngaphandle kwenhliziyo yakho, i-epicardium. Uhamba nge-septum yenhliziyo, njengomsele omncane, kusukela phansi kwenhliziyo kuya esicongweni senhliziyo.

Yimaphi amagatsha ku-`(LAD)`?

Lo msele we-`(LAD)` uhlukana ube amagatsha amabili amancane:

• Amagatsha aqondile: Lawa magatsha ahlinzeka ngegazi ezingxenyeni zangaphambili nezingezansi ze-ventricle, etholakala ohlangothini olungezansi kwesobunxele senhliziyo.
• (Amagatsha aseSeptal): Lawa magatsha ahlinzeka ngegazi engxenyeni engaphambili yengxenye yesibili ye-septum yenhliziyo.

La magatsha anesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye ezahlukene zenhliziyo zithola igazi elanele.

Kuyini "ukujikeleza kwegazi okunamandla kwesobunxele"?

Lokhu kuyindaba ejulile kancane, kodwa ake sizame ukuyiqonda kalula. Kukhona omunye umthambo obizwa ngokuthi "umthambo ophansi ohlayo (PDA)" othwala igazi uye ezingxenyeni ezingezansi nezingemuva zenhliziyo yakho kanye nengxenye ye-"septum".

• Ukujikeleza kwegazi okulawula ngakwesokudla: Uma uthatha abantu abayishumi, cishe abayisishiyagalombili kubo banegazi elivela emthanjeni omkhulu wenhliziyo ohlangothini lwesokudla.
• Ukujikeleza kwegazi okuhamba phambili kwesobunxele: Kodwa-ke, cishe koyedwa kubantu abayishumi, le PDA ithola igazi elivela egatsheni lomthambo omkhulu wenhliziyo kwesobunxele (kungaba yi-LAD noma umthambo we-circumflex).
• Ukujikeleza kwegazi okune-codominant: Cishe kubantu ababili kwabayishumi, i-PDA inikezwa yi-LAD noma i-circumflex artery, kanye ne-coronary artery efanele.

Lokhu kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kumane nje kuyisimo semvelo senhliziyo.

Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezithinta `(LAD)`?

Yilapho-ke lapho kudingeka sigxile khona kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kwale LAD, ama-fat deposits, esiwabiza ngokuthi i-plaque, anganqwabelana. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis . Kufana nokugqwala okwakheka epayipini lamanzi. Kwabanye abantu, le plaque inqwabelana kakhulu kangangokuthi i-LAD ivalwe ngokuphelele. Kwenzekani-ke? Igazi elicebile nge-oxygen alikwazi ukufika enhliziyweni. Yilapho-ke sithola khona ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwe-widowmaker esikhulume ngakho ngaphambili, okuvame ukuba yingozi. Nakuba igama elithi widowmaker lingase libonakale lisebenza kwabesilisa kuphela, lesi sifo senhliziyo singathinta kokubili amadoda nabesifazane.

Cabanga nje, uNishantha uneminyaka engaba ngu-50 ubudala. Ukhuluphele kancane futhi unesifo sikashukela. Ngolunye usuku, wavele waqala ukujuluka ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni. Lapho ephuthunyiswa esibhedlela, kwatholakala ukuthi wayenesifo senhliziyo esibizwa ngokuthi `(ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo komfelokazi)`. Ngenhlanhla, wasinda ngoba wathola ukwelashwa okusheshayo. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi lokhu kwakuphuthuma kangakanani.

Futhi, kubantu abambalwa kakhulu, umthambo we-LAD ungase uncishiswe kancane noma ufinyezwe lapho uzalwa. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi umthambo we-hypoplastic left anterior descending artery. Lokhu kwandisa nezingozi ezithile:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo `(I-Arrhythmia )
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ischemia yenhliziyo
• Ukufa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe

Yiziphi izimpawu zokuvaleka kwe-LAD?

Uma i-LAD incipha noma ivinjiwe, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu besifuba (i-angina) . Lokhu kungaba i-angina ezinzile noma i-angina engazinzile. Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha . Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, shayela u-911 (inombolo ephuthumayo 1990 eSri Lanka) ngokushesha:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina (i-Angina)
• Ukuzizwa ubanda futhi ujuluka
• Isiyezi, umuzwa wokujikeleza ekhanda
• Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Isicanucanu
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ubuhlungu ehlombe noma engalweni (ikakhulukazi engalweni yesobunxele)

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ungalokothi uzishaye indiva.

Odokotela bayihlola kanjani impilo ye-`(LAD)` yakho?

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo ezinjengalezi ukuhlola isimo semithambo yakho yenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi i-LAD:

• Ukufakwa kwe-catheter kwenhliziyo: Lokhu kuhlola isifo semithambo yenhliziyo.
• I-Coronary computed tomography angiogram (CCTA): Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezintathu-ntathu (3D) zokugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni.
• I-Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) noma i-intravascular ultrasound (IVUS): Lezi zindlela zingathatha izithombe ezicacile nezinekhwalithi ephezulu ngaphakathi kwe-artery.
• I-Fractional flow reserve (FFR): Lokhu kulinganisa ingcindezi yegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, okungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukuvaleka kukhulu kangakanani.

Lezi zivivinyo zinganquma ngokunembile ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka noma ukuncipha kwe-LAD yakho.

Ziphathwa kanjani izimo ezithinta i-`(LAD)`?

Ukuze uvule i-LAD evinjiwe, kungadingeka ukuthi wenze i-catheterization yenhliziyo, kanye nezinqubo ezifana ne -angioplasty kanye nokufakwa kwe-stent .

• I-Angioplasty inqubo ehilela ukufaka ibhaluni elincane emthanjeni, ukulifutha ukuze kuvuleke indawo evinjiwe, kanye nokwandisa umthambo.
• I-stent iyipayipi elincane elinocingo olusiza ukuvimbela umthambo ukuthi unganciphi futhi ngemva kwe-angioplasty.

Lokhu kwelashwa kungabuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni futhi kunciphise ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Ngingayivikela kanjani imithambo yami ye-LAD? Indlela eya enhliziyweni enempilo!

Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuze ugcine uhlelo lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi luphilile, okuhlanganisa ne-(LAD) yakho. Nazi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Lokhu kungasiza ekwehliseni amazinga e-cholesterol. Ukudla okunamafutha amancane, usawoti, noshukela, kanye nezithelo nemifino eminingi kuhle.
• Nciphisa ukusebenzisa kwakho utshwala: Uma umlutha wotshwala, thola usizo.
• Vivinya umzimba futhi ugcine isisindo esinempilo: Ukuhamba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku nakho kuyinto enhle.
• Qaphela izinhlobo zakho zamafutha: Nciphisa amafutha angenampilo (amafutha agcwele kanye nama-trans).
• Thatha izinyathelo zokulawula isifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme: Ukunciphisa usawoti nakho kuyasiza kulokhu.
• Cela usizo lokuyeka ukubhema: Ukubhema kungenye yezitha ezinkulu zenhliziyo.

Ngokwenza lezi zinto, ungagcina hhayi nje kuphela '(LAD)' yakho, kodwa nenhliziyo yakho yonke nomzimba wakho uphilile.

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Njengamanje cishe usuyaqonda ukuthi i-`(Left Anterior Descendeng Artery)` iwumthambo wegazi obalulekile empilweni yenhliziyo yethu. Ukuvaleka kwalokhu kungaholela esimweni esibulalayo, ikakhulukazi i-`(ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo komfelokazi)`. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lo mthambo oyinhloko ohlinzeka ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo ngegazi eliningi. Kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi lo mthambo we-`(LAD)`` uzoqongelela futhi i-`(atherosclerosis)` izokhula, okungaholela esifweni semithambo yenhliziyo. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kuzodingeka welashwe njenge-`(angioplasty)` kanye ne-`(stent)` ukuze uvule umthambo futhi unciphise ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuvimbela izimo ezinjalo ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke. Ngokukhuluma nodokotela wakho nokwenza izinguquko ezidingekayo endleleni yakho yokuphila kanye nokudla, ungagcina inhliziyo yakho, okungukuthi, i-`(LAD)` yakho, iphilile futhi ijabule. Inhliziyo yakho izokubonga!