Ingabe nawe unomehluko endleleni obona ngayo imibala? Ake sifunde ngokuhlolwa kobumpumputhe bombala!

Wake wazizwa sengathi ubona imibala ngendlela ehlukile kancane kunabanye abantu? Mhlawumbe umngane wakho uthi umbala obonakala uhlukile kuwe. Noma mhlawumbe ingane yakho encane inenkinga yokubona imibala? Uma uke wabhekana nento efana nale, le ndaba izoba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuhlolwa okuzokutshela ngqo ukuthi unesifo sokungaboni kahle kombala, noma njengoba sonke sazi, ukungaboni kahle kombala.

Iyini le ndlela yokuhlola ubumpumputhe bombala?

Kalula nje, ukuhlolwa kobumpumputhe bombala ukuhlolwa okulinganisa ukuthi amehlo akho abona kahle kangakanani imibala, noma ukubona kwakho imibala. Lokhu kwenziwa abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwamehlo. Akuyona ukuhlolwa okubuhlungu futhi akuhlaseli. Ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzu embalwa ukuqeda. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wakubona lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa emahhovisi odokotela ngisho nakwezinye izikole lapho uya kohlolwa amehlo.

Manje ake sibone ukuthi kuyini ukungaboni kahle kombala noma ukuntuleka kokubona umbala. Uma unalesi simo, awuboni imibala ngokujwayelekile. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalokhu futhi. Ezivame kakhulu izinkinga ngemibala ebomvu-eluhlaza okotshani. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kunezinkinga ngemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-ophuzi kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezingavamile.

Kunezimbangela ezimbili ezingaba khona zalokhu kungaboni kombala. Esinye ukuthi kuzuzwe njengefa . Okusho ukuthi, kubangelwa ukushintsha kwezakhi zofuzo. Iningi labantu linalolu hlobo lokungaboni kombala. Esinye ukuthi kwenzeka kamuva . Okusho ukuthi, kubangelwa yisifo esithile noma esinye isizathu.

Ukuba nenkinga yokubona imibala akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukubona imibala. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-achromatopsia, futhi asivamile kakhulu. Empeleni sibangelwa uhlobo lweseli emehlweni akho olubizwa ngokuthi ama-cone angazweli kakhulu kumaza athile okukhanya. Ngenxa yalokho, ungase ungakwazi ukubona eminye imibala, noma ungase uyibone ngendlela ehlukile kunabantu abavamile. Lesi simo singakuthinta nganoma iyiphi indlela , kusukela kokuncane kuya kokubi kakhulu . Kungenzeka singakukhathazi nhlobo, noma singaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho yansuku zonke.

Cabanga ngakho, cishe ubungazi nokuthi unalesi simo kwaze kwaba yilapho ubhala lesi sivivinyo. Isizathu siwukuthi, usujwayele ukubona imibala ngendlela ethile, ngakho awukuqondi ngoba awunaye omunye umuntu ongakuqhathanisa naye.

Kunezivivinyo eziningi zokuthola ubumpumputhe bombala, ngasinye sazo esisebenza ngendlela ehlukile kancane. Ungazithola futhi lezi zivivinyo ku-inthanethi. Uma unokungabaza ngokubona kwakho umbala, ukuthatha esinye salezi zivivinyo ku-inthanethi kungaba yindawo enhle yokuqala. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile kakhulu, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela wamehlo. Udokotela wamehlo noma udokotela wamehlo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele, okuhlanganisa nokuhlola umbono wakho wombala. Udokotela uzobe esekuchazela imiphumela futhi akuchazele ukuthi isho ukuthini.

Ubani ofuna ukwenza lolu vivinyo lokungaboni umbala?

Uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo, ungase uzuze ngokuthatha isivivinyo sokubona imibala:

• Uma unenkinga yokuhlukanisa phakathi kwemibala noma imibala yemibala.
• Uma uzizwa udidekile lapho ukhuluma ngemibala nabanye noma lapho ukhetha imibala, kusho ukuthi ubona imibala ngendlela ehlukile kunabanye.
• Uma ufuna ukuphishekela umsebenzi odinga umbono ogcwele wemibala (isibonelo, ukuba umshayeli wendiza, umklami wezithombe, noma umklami wemfashini).

Uma ubona ukuthi ingane yakho inenkinga yokubona noma yokusebenzisa imibala, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuyiyisa iyohlolwa amehlo. Odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kokuqala kwenziwe ngaphambi kosuku lokuzalwa lwengane yakho, uma kungenzeka. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kobumpumputhe bombala kungenziwa kuphela ngokunembile uma ingane yakho isikwazi ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela futhi iphendule imibuzo ebuziwe. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa cishe eminyakeni emi-3 noma emi-4.

Uma unenkinga mayelana nombono wombala wengane yakho noma ikhono layo lokuhlukanisa imibala, khuluma nodokotela wamehlo wengane yakho. Izingane ezinenkinga yokubona imibala zingase zibe nobunzima bokusebenza ngezinto ezinemibala esikoleni. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlonza lesi simo kusenesikhathi ukuze ingane ithole ukwesekwa okudingekayo kwezemfundo.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuze kutholakale ubumpumputhe bombala?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlolwa kokubona imibala, ezichazwe ngezansi. Iningi lalezi zivivinyo lithatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela ukuqeda. Kodwa-ke, kunezivivinyo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezingathatha imizuzu efinyelela kwengama-20. Ngokuvamile zenziwa kuphela ezimweni ezikhethekile. Zonke lezi zivivinyo azihlaseli futhi azibangeli ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki. Okudingeka ukwenze nje ukubheka ikhasi eliphrintiwe noma isikrini sekhompyutha bese usitshela ukuthi ubonani.

Ukuhlolwa Kwamapuleti Ombala / Ukuhlolwa Kwamapuleti Angawodwa

Kulezi zivivinyo, kufanele ukhombe inombolo noma uphawu ngokuluhlukanisa nesizinda. Isithombe kanye nesizinda saso senziwe ngezindilinga ezincane noma amachashazi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhombe imibala noma izithunzi ezithile ukuze uhlukanise le nombolo noma uphawu emininingwaneni engemuva kwaso.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ishihara: Lokhu ukuhlolwa odokotela bamehlo abavame ukukusebenzisa lapho abantu abadala befika ngesikhathi sokubonana. Udokotela uzokukhombisa amapuleti aphakathi kuka-8 no-38. Ipuleti ngalinye linenombolo noma uphawu oluhlukile kulo. Udinga ukutshela udokotela lokho okubonayo. Imiphumela yalokhu ingabonisa ukuthi unesifo sohlobo lombala obomvu noluhlaza okotshani. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa akubonisi ubumpumputhe bombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nophuzi.
• Ukuhlolwa kweRichmond Hardy-Rand-Rittler (Richmond HRR): Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi iRichmond HRR ngamafuphi. Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa kokubili ukuntuleka kokubona umbala obomvu-oluhlaza okotshani kanye noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-ophuzi. Kuphinde kubonise ukuthi isimo sakho sincane, simaphakathi, noma sibi kakhulu. Ubheka amapuleti angu-24. Ipuleti ngalinye linempawu eyodwa noma ezimbili (njengeziphambano, izindilinga, noma onxantathu). Usho okubonayo nokuthi kukuphi epuletini.
• Ukuhlolwa Kombala eCambridge: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okusekelwe kukhompyutha. Kuphinde kuhlolwe ubumpumputhe bombala obomvu-oluhlaza okotshani kanye noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-ophuzi. Kufanele ubheke amapuleti ahlukene anohlamvu "C". Kufanele usho ukuthi umlomo wohlamvu "C" ubheke luphi uhlangothi (phezulu, phansi, kwesobunxele, kwesokudla).
• Ukuhlolwa Kokubona Umbala Kwenziwe Kwalula (i-CVTME): Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola ubumpumputhe bombala obomvu noluhlaza ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-3 kuya kwengu-6. Ingane yakho ibheka izithombe ezingu-12 bese ikutshela ukuthi ibona ziphi izimo esithombeni ngasinye. Izithombe zokuqala eziyisishiyagalolunye zinezimo ezilula njengezindilinga, izikwele, nezinkanyezi. Izithombe ezintathu zokugcina zinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu njengezindlu, izikebhe, nezinja.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokubona Umbala kweNeitz: Lokhu okunye ukuhlolwa okufanelekela izingane. Kuhlola ukuntuleka kokubona umbala obomvu-oluhlaza okotshani kanye noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-ophuzi. Ingane yakho icelwa ukuthi ibheke izikwele eziyisishiyagalolunye. Isikwele ngasinye singaba nedayimane, isikwele, unxantathu, indilinga, noma kungabi naphawu nhlobo. Ingane icelwa ukuthi isho lokho ekubonayo esikweleni ngasinye. Ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile kakhulu, izingane eziningi zinikezwa lokhu kuhlolwa kabili kulandelana.

Ukuhlolwa Koku-oda

Ezivivinyweni zokuhlela ("Ukuhlela" kubizwa kanje ngoba kufanele uhlele izinto ngokwemibala nezimo), ubheka uchungechunge lwamakhadi anemibala ehlukene.

• Ukuhlolwa kweFarnsworth-Munsell kwe-100-Hue:Lokhu kuhlola kuhlola ubumpumputhe bombala obomvu-oluhlaza okotshani kanye noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-ophuzi. Kubonisa nokuthi ungahlukanisa kahle kangakanani imibala. Ubheka amakhadi angu-85. Ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amane. Kufanele uwahlele ngokombala wawo kanye nombala wawo. Lokhu kuhlola kuwusizo kakhulu ekuxilongeni ubumpumputhe bombala obutholakele.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Farnsworth-Munsell D-15: Lena inguqulo efinyeziwe yokuhlolwa kwe-100-hue. Kusetshenziswa amakhadi angu-15 kuphela kwangu-85. Lokhu kuhlolwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaphuthelwa amacala amancane kakhulu okungaboni imibala.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Lanthony Desaturated D-15: Lokhu kuhlolwa kufana ne-Farnsworth-Munsell D-15, futhi kuyasiza njengesivivinyo esengeziwe. Kusebenzisa amakhadi anemibala ethule kancane. Futhi, umehluko phakathi kwemibala ucashile kakhulu.

Ukuhlolwa Kokuqhathanisa

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kokuqhathanisa ithuluzi elibizwa ngokuthi "i-Anomaloscope. " Lokhu kubhekwa njengendinganiso yegolide ngodokotela bamehlo yokuxilonga ubumpumputhe bombala obomvu noluhlaza okotshani. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa kuphela kumaphrojekthi ocwaningo ngokubona umbala. Kwembula uhlobo oluthile lokuntuleka kombala obomvu noluhlaza okotshani onalo nokuthi kukhulu kangakanani.

Kulesi sivivinyo, ubheka kudivayisi ebukeka njenge-microscope encane. Ubona indilinga, ehlukaniswe ingxenye ephezulu nengxenye engezansi. Ingxenye ngayinye inombala ohlukile. Ngenkathi umbala ophezulu uhlala ufana, uphendula isethi 'yama-knobs' ukuze ifane nombala ongezansi. Le nqubo iphindaphindwa ngochungechunge lwezindilinga. Abantu abanenkinga yokungaboni kombala obomvu noluhlaza babona eminye imibala ifana kakhulu, yize ingafani.

Ngikulungiselela kanjani lokhu?

Akukho okukhethekile okudingeka ukulungiselele ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kokubona imibala. Kodwa-ke, kuyasiza ukutshela udokotela wakho okulandelayo:

• Mayelana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga onazo ngemibala.
• Uma othile emndenini wakho engaboni umbala, lokho akulona igazi lakho.

Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlolwa kobumpumputhe bombala?

Ukuhlolwa kobumpumputhe bombala kuyinqubo esheshayo. Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho sekuqediwe, udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngemiphumela. Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi ube nokuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile.

Akukho ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kokungaboni imibala, futhi akukwazi ukwelapheka. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bathole ukuthi ukusebenzisa izibuko zokungaboni imibala kuthuthukisa ikhono labo lokubona umehluko. Ungafunda namaqhinga alula okukusiza ukuthi uqaphele imibala empilweni yakho yansuku zonke. Isibonelo, ukulebula izingubo zakho noma ukulanda izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuze zikusize uthenge.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi ngalolu vivinyo?

Cha, ukuhlolwa kokubona imibala kuphephile kakhulu futhi akunangozi.

Hlobo luni lwemiphumela etholakalayo, futhi isho ukuthini?

Ukuhlolwa ngakunye kuzonikeza imiphumela ehluke kancane. Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzokutshela ngemiphumela futhi akuchazele ukuthi isho ukuthini. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa kobumpumputhe bombala kubonisa okulandelayo:

• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unesifo sokungaboni kahle kombala noma cha .
• Uhlobo luni lokungaboni imibala olunalo?
• Yeka ukuthi isimo sakho sibi kangakanani .

Akuzona zonke izivivinyo ezibonisa lonke lolu lwazi, yingakho kungadingeka wenze izivivinyo ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ukuze kutholakale uhlobo oluthile lokungaboni kombala kwakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Shayela udokotela wakho wamehlo uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu:

• Uma unenkinga yokuhlukanisa phakathi kwemibala noma izithunzi.
• Kulungile uma umbono wakho ubonakala ungacacile, noma uma unezinye izinkinga zokubona .
• Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nombono wengane yakho .

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi angiboni umbala?

Uma ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemibala ethile noma imibala abanye abantu abakubonisa yona, ungase ube nenkinga yokwahlukanisa imibala. Lokhu kungaba imibala yezingubo, imihlobiso, noma ngisho nokudla. Isibonelo, ungase ucabange ukuthi ucezu lwenyama luphekiwe kahle, kodwa empeleni lungase lungabi luhle futhi "lungavamile." Ungase ubone utamatisi obomvu ovuthiwe kanye notamatisi oluhlaza. Izingane ezincane ezinenkinga yokubona imibala zingase zenqabe ukudla ukudla okuluhlaza okuthile ngoba kubukeka kunsundu noma kungajabulisi ukukudla.

Ungaphila iminyaka eminingi ungazi ukuthi unesifo sokulahlekelwa umbala. Lokhu kungenzeka uma unesifo esingesihle kakhulu, noma uma ungakhulumi nabanye ngemibala oyibonayo.

Ukuhlolwa kobumpumputhe bombala kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi unesifo sokubona imibala nokuthi hlobo luni. Uma usola ukuthi awuboni imibala ngendlela evamile, khuluma nodokotela wakho wamehlo.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu ngokuhlolwa kobumpumputhe bombala. Khumbula, lokhu kuhlolwa kungakutshela uma ubona imibala ngendlela ehlukile kunabantu abavamile. Kungakusiza futhi ukuhlonza uhlobo oluthile lobumpumputhe bombala onalo.

Kubantu abaningi, ukungaboni imibala kuyinkinga encane nje engaphazamisi kakhulu impilo yansuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu abadala abanezimo ezinzima kakhulu bangaba nezinkinga ngomsebenzi wabo. Futhi, uma lesi simo singabonwa, izingane ezincane zingaba nobunzima ngemisebenzi edinga ukuthi zibone yonke imibala.

Ngakho-ke, ngokuthatha isivivinyo sobumpumputhe bombalaKuyasiza ukuthola impande yenkinga nokuvula indlela yezixazululo. Uma unokungabaza okuncane kakhulu ngokuthi wena noma ingane yakho nibona kanjani imibala, ungangabazi ukubona udokotela wamehlo nithole iseluleko. Kuzokunikeza impumuzo enkulu!

` Ubumpumputhe bombala, ubumpumputhe bombala, ukuhlolwa kwamehlo, ukuhlolwa kombala, umbono wezingane, ukuhlolwa kwe-Ishihara, ukuntuleka kombono wombala, impilo yamehlo