Uke wacabanga ngalezi zinto ngaphambi kokuba nomntwana? Ake sifunde nge-Advisory Preconception!

Le ndaba izobaluleka kakhulu kini eniphupha ngokuba ngumama noma ubaba. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi kufanele ninakekele ingane yenu kuphela ngemva kokuba ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kutholile ukuthi ikhona. Kodwa uma ngempela nifuna ingane enempilo, kudingeka nilungiselele ngisho nangaphambi kokuba nikhulelwe. Yilokho ukwelulekwa kwangaphambi kokukhulelwa okuhloselwe kona. Uma uhlela ukuba nomntwana, yilapho nihlangana nodokotela nixoxe ngakho.

Kuyini Ukwelulekwa Ngaphambi Kokukhulelwa?

Kalula nje, lena ingxoxo onayo nodokotela ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Ukukhulelwa okunempilo kuqala ngaphambi kokuthi uthole imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa eqinisekile. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola lolu hlobo lweseluleko ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe kunganciphisa kakhulu izingozi kuwe noma enganeni yakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Izinhloso eziyinhloko zalokhu kubonisana yilezi:

• Kukusiza ukuthi ukhulelwe ngokuphephile .
• Kusiza ukugcina wena nomntwana wakho ongakazalwa niphilile ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ukunciphisa izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Into edabukisayo ukuthi, ngoba ukukhulelwa okuningi akuhleliwe, abantu abaningi abazitholi izinzuzo zalolu lwazi lokwelulekwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu . Lolu lwazi luzokusiza ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa okuphumelelayo kanye nomntwana onempilo.

Yini okuxoxwa ngayo kulokhu kubonisana?

Udokotela wakho uzohlola izici zakho eziyingozi zezinkinga zokukhulelwa, akufundise ngezixazululo, futhi akusize uxhumane nezinsiza ongase uzidinge.

Lezi zinto zivame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokwelulekwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezingozi: Umlando wakho wezokwelapha, umlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho (kufaka phakathi nowomlingani wakho), kanye nezinye izici kungakusiza ukuthi ubone izingozi ezingaba khona ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Imikhuba yokuphila efana nokudla kwakho kanye nokusebenzisa ukubhema noma utshwala nakho kungathinta lokhu. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ubone lezi zingozi futhi akusize uzinciphise ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ukungenelela: Kungase kudingeke wenze izinguquko emithini yakho yamanje noma endleleni yokuphila ukuze ulungiselele ingqondo nomzimba wakho ukukhulelwa. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe.
• Izinkomba: Udokotela wakho angakudlulisela ezinsizeni ezingakusiza ukuthi ukhulelwe umntwana. Isibonelo, uhlelo lwakho lokukhulelwa lungadinga izinsiza zokunakekelwa kwempilo njengezibhenki zesidoda noma izikhungo zokudlulisela. Ungakhuluma ngalezi zinketho phakathi nalokhu kubonisana.

Kufanele ngiye nini kulokhu kuboniswana?

Lo mhlangano kufanele ube khona okungenani izinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuzama ukuba nomntwana .

Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi lolu lwazi lokwelulekwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kufanele lube yingxenye yokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo okutholwa yinoma ubani okwazi ukuba nezingane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi manje noma esikhathini esizayo.

Izinhlangano ezifana ne-American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) zincoma ukuthi odokotela bezokwelapha abayinhloko kanye nama-OB/GYN bahlale bebuza iziguli ukuthi, "Ingabe nifuna ukukhulelwa phakathi nonyaka olandelayo?" ngesikhathi sokuvakasha okuvamile. Umgomo ukuthatha indlela yokuthatha isinyathelo sokuthuthukisa imiphumela yokukhulelwa.

Kwenzekani phakathi nalokhu kubonisana?

I-aphoyintimenti yokwelulekwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa ingafaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kokuhlola impilo yakho, ukubuyekezwa komlando wakho wezokwelapha ukuze kutholakale izici eziyingozi, kanye neseluleko sendlela yokwandisa amathuba akho okukhulelwa.

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Udokotela wakho angase ahlole impilo yakho iyonke. Angase ahlole izitho zakho ezibalulekile (njengenhliziyo namaphaphu) kanye nezimpawu ezibalulekile (njengomfutho wegazi lakho). Angase futhi ahlole i-pelvic.
• Ukuhlolwa: Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ube nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri ukuze uhlole izifo, izifo, noma izimo ezidinga ukwelashwa. Wena nomlingani wakho ningadinga nokuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ukuze nihlole izifo ezizuzwe njengefa, njengesifo iTay-Sachs noma isifo iSickle Cell.
• Umlando wezokwelapha: Udokotela uzobuyekeza izimo zakho zezokwelapha, imithi oyithathayo, kanye nokuhlinzwa oke wakwenza. Bazophinde babheke umlando wakho wokubeletha kanye nowabesifazane, okuhlanganisa ukuthi usebenzisa yini izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo, ukuthi imijikelezo yakho yokuya esikhathini ivame kangakanani, nokuthi uke wakhulelwa yini ngaphambilini.
• Umlando womndeni: Umlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho ungakunikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezimo zofuzo noma izifo ongazidlulisela enganeni yakho. Kubalulekile ukubheka umlando wezokwelapha nowomndeni womlingani wakho ngesizathu esifanayo. (Amabhange esidoda nawo aqoqa lolu lwazi lapho ehlola abanikeli.)

Udokotela wakho angakuqondisa futhi ezinhlelweni zakho zokukhulelwa. Bangakusiza ukuthi ubone izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokukhulelwa kwengane: Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ubone isikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda njalo ngenyanga. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi wazi ukuthi kunini lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi ukhulelwe.
• Isikhathi esiphephile sokuthola omunye umntwana: Kuye ngeminyaka yakho kanye nempilo yakho, ukuzama ukuthola omunye umntwana ngokushesha kakhulu ngemva kokuthola umntwana (noma ngemva kokuphuphuma kwesisu) kungandisa ingozi yakho yezinkinga zokukhulelwa. Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka uma kuphephile ukuzama futhi.
• Uhlelo oluhle kakhulu kanye nezimo zokuthola umntwana:Ungase ufune umntwana, kodwa ungase uzizwe ungakakulungeli. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ubone izinto okudingeka uzikhumbule njengoba uhlela ikusasa. Isibonelo, bangachaza ukuthi iminyaka yakho ithinta kanjani ukuzala kwakho. Bangakhuluma nangezimali kanye nezinsizakusebenza zomphakathi okudingeka ube nazo ngaphambi kokuzama ukuba nomntwana. Isibonelo, odokotela bangabheka izinto ezifana nodlame lwabalingani abaseduze. Bangakusiza ukuthi uthole indawo ephephile nesekelayo ongaba kuyo.
• Indlela yokugcina impilo yakho ingcono kakhulu: Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uphathe noma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo. Bazobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi bakwazise ukuthi yimiphi imijovo okudingeka uyithole.

Cabanga ngakho, ukwazi ukuthi usukulungele yini ukuba nomntwana kubaluleke njengokwazi ukuthi ungawandisa kanjani amathuba akho okukhulelwa okunempilo.

Udokotela uyihlola kanjani ingozi yakho?

Udokotela uzohlola izici ezahlukahlukene ezingathinta ulwazi lwakho lokukhulelwa kanye nemiphumela.

Izifo Ezingapheli

Ezinye izimo ezingamahlalakhona zingandisa ingozi yakho yezinkinga zokukhulelwa. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi akusize uqonde ukuthi ukukhulelwa kuzothinta kanjani uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Isibonelo, kungadingeka ushintshe imithi noma ulungise umthamo wayo. Kungadingeka futhi uhlele ukuvakashelwa okwengeziwe kudokotela ukuze uqaphe impilo yakho.

Ezinye zezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezibeka engcupheni yokukhulelwa yilezi:

• Isifuba somoya
• Ukucindezeleka
• Isifo Sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus)`
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme
• Isifo Sezinso
• Isifo Se-thyroid

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukungashintshi ukwelashwa kwakho (njengokuyeka imithi ngokuzumayo) kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ethi kuphephile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho okungashintshwa nokuthi yini okufanele ihlale injalo.

Izimo zofuzo

Umlando wezokwelapha nowomndeni uwusizo kakhulu ekuboneni izimo ongazidlulisela enganeni yakho. Ungadinga ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo noma ukwelulekwa ukuze uqonde ingozi yokuthi ingane yakho ithole isifo sofuzo njengefa. Kuye ngengozi yakho, udokotela wakho angancoma izixazululo.

Isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ngaphambi kokutshalwa kungasetshenziswa ukubona ukuthi iqanda elivundisiwe, noma umbungu, unezakhi zofuzo ezizuzwe njengefa ezibangelwa yisimo sofuzo esivela kuwe noma kumlingani wakho. Ungaxoxa ngalezi zinketho nodokotela wakho ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa kwakho kokubeletha.

Izifo

Udokotela wakho angahlola izifo, okuhlanganisa izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI), ezingaba yingozi kuwe noma enganeni yakho engakazalwa. Izifo ezandisa ingozi yezinkinga zokukhulelwa zifaka:

• I-Hepatitis B
• I-HIV `(HIV)`
• Isimungumungwane
• I-Rubella
• I-Tetanus
• I-Chickenpox (i-Varicella/i-Chickenpox)
• Igciwane leZika

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola yonke imigomo yakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukuthi yimiphi imigomo okufanele uyithole ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe nokuthi kufanele ulinde isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.

Imithi, amakhambi kanye nezithasiselo

Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukuthi yonke imithi oyithathayo – imithi kadokotela kanye nemithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (OTC), amakhambi, kanye nezithasiselo – iphephile yini ukuyithatha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Bazokufundisa nokuthi ungawathola kanjani amavithamini namaminerali owadingayo ukuze uhlale uphilile.

Bangase bakutshele ukuthi uqale ukuthatha i-vitamin yokukhulelwa equkethe ama-microgram angu-400 no-800 (mcg) e-folic acid. I-folic acid ingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, ikakhulukazi ukukhubazeka kwe-neural tube, okuthinta umgogodla nobuchopho bomntwana. Kungcono ukuqala ukuthatha lezi zinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.

Ukudla kanye nokuzivocavoca

Uzokhuluma nangokudla kwakho kanye nezinga lomsebenzi, kanye nanoma yiziphi izinguquko okudingeka uzenze ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Isibonelo, udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ngemithombo engcono kakhulu yezakhamzimba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuthi mangaki amakhalori owadingayo ngosuku. Uzokutshela nokuthi yikuphi ukudla okufanele ukugweme, njengezinhlanzi ezine-mercury eningi. Udokotela wakho angakhuluma nangokuthi kungakanani ukukhuluphala okufanele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Bazokutshela nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo eziphephile ongayenza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile, kufanele wenze imizuzu engama-30 yokuzivocavoca okulinganiselwe izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto. Kodwa-ke, akukuhle ukuzivocavoca uze ukhathale, noma ukwenza izivivinyo ezikubeka engcupheni yokuwa. Udokotela wakho uzokuqondisa kulokhu.

Isisindo

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ukhuluphele noma unesisindo esingaphansi kwesisindo, kungadingeka wenze izinguquko endleleni yokuphila noma ubonane nodokotela wezokudla. Ukuba nesisindo esingaphansi kwesisindo (i-body mass index (BMI) engaphansi kuka-18.5) kwandisa ingozi yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukuba nomntwana owazalwa enesisindo esiphansi. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile (i-BMI engaphezu kuka-30) kwandisa ingozi yokuthi:

• Isifo Sikashukela Sokukhulelwa
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wokukhulelwa
• Izinkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha

Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi wakhe uhlelo lokuthola isisindo esinempilo sokukhulelwa kwakho.

Ukubhema, utshwala kanye nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa

Kubalulekile ukuyeka ukubhema, utshwala, nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngesikhathi ulungiselela umzimba wakho ukukhulelwa.Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kuhlotshaniswa nezinkinga eziningana zokukhulelwa, okuhlanganisa nokufa kombungu. Ukuphuza utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungabangela isifo sobuthi bengane. Njengokusebenzisa izidakamizwa, ukubhema kungabangela nezinkinga ekukhuleni kombungu, okuhlanganisa ukuphuphuma kwesisu kanye nokuzalwa kwengane isishonile. Ukuchayeka entuthwini ebhemayo kwandisa nengozi yokulimaza umbungu.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukuyeka ukubhema kunganciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ezithile zokukhulelwa okungenani ngo-20% .

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza izinsiza, njengezinhlelo zokuyeka ukubhema, ukuze akusize wenze lezi zinguquko.

Ubuthi

Izinto ezinobuthi ekhaya lakho noma endaweni yokusebenza zingaba izingozi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ingozi yakho yokuchayeka. Izinto eziyingozi ezingathinta ukukhulelwa kwakho zifaka:

• I-Arsenic
• I-Asbestos
• I-fluoride
• Umholi
• Izibulala-zinambuzane
• Amakhemikhali endaweni yokusebenza
• Indle yamagundane

Kwenzekani ngemva kokubonisana?

Udokotela wakho angase ancome inhlanganisela yezinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanye neziphakamiso zezempilo. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Ukwehlisa noma ukukhulisa isisindo.
• Ukusungula ukudla okunomsoco.
• Ukwakha uhlelo lokuzivocavoca olunempilo.
• Yeka ukubhema noma ukuphuza utshwala.
• Ukuvuselela imigomo yakho yokugoma.
• Ukugwema ukucindezeleka noma ukufunda ukulawula kangcono.
• Ukuthatha amavithamini anconywayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini angaphambi kokubeletha).
• Ukuvakashela ochwepheshe bezinkinga zempilo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.
• Ukungayisebenzisi imithi eyingozi kuwe noma embungwini ( khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo ngaphambi kokuqala noma ukuyeka noma yimuphi umuthi ).

Ingabe kukhona isethi yeziqondiso noma uhlu lokuhlola lwalokhu?

Akukho qoqo elilodwa leziqondiso ezisetshenziswa yiwo wonke umuntu. Kunalokho, izinhlangano ezahlukene, njenge-Centers for Disease Control (CDC) kanye ne-American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), zinikeza uhlu lokuhlola lwezihloko okufanele zihlanganiswe ngesikhathi sokwelulekwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlela umndeni (isifiso sokukhulelwa).
• Izimo zezokwelapha.
• Umlando wezokwelapha womndeni.
• Imithi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezifo.
• Isimo somzimba sokuzivikela.
• Ukudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca.
• Amavithamini ngaphambi kokubeletha.
• Ukuchayeka ebuthi.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, utshwala kanye nogwayi.
• Indawo ephephile (ukuchayeka odlameni lomndeni).

Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma ngezihloko ezahlukahlukene , ecabangela impilo yakho iyonke . Ngoba kunezinto eziningi ezingathinta ukukhulelwa okunempilo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Cabanga ngalokhu kuboniswana ngaphambi kokukhulelwa njenge-aphoyintimenti yempilo enhle eyenzeka kuwe ngekusasa lakho, ukukhulelwa kwakho. Njengoba nje ubona udokotela wakho wezifo zabesifazane minyaka yonke ukuze ugcine uhlelo lwakho lokuzala luphilile, lokhu kuboniswana kungasiza ekugcineni ukukhulelwa kwakho kuphilile futhi kunciphise ingozi yezinkinga.

Ngakho-ke, uma uhlela ukuba nomntwana manje noma esikhathini esizayo, bona udokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wezifo zabesifazane bese ubuza ngalokhu kwelulekwa kwangaphambi kokukhulelwa. Isiqalo esihle sokukhulelwa okunempilo ukwaziswa ngisho nangaphambi kokuthola umphumela wokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa omuhle.

Ukwelulekwa kwangaphambi kokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa okunempilo, ukuzala, iseluleko sezempilo, ukuhlela umndeni, ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa