Ingabe ingane yakho inenkinga yokuhlala endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside? Ingabe ukunaka kwayo kuyazulazula ngokushesha kakhulu? Noma ingabe yenza izinto ngokuphazima kweso nangokuphazima kweso? Lezi zivame ukuba izimpawu ze- ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ) . Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Phakathi kwazo, sizokhuluma ngekhemikhali esebuchosheni bethu ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-Dopamine' namuhla.
Iyini ngempela i-dopamine?
Kalula nje, i-dopamine iyisithunywa samakhemikhali esidlulisela imiyalezo phakathi kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-neurotransmitter. Le khemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-dopamine ihilelekile ezintweni eziningi emzimbeni wethu kunalokho esikucabangayo.
Cabanga ngakho, lokhu kufana 'neKhemikhali Yokukhuthaza' ebuchosheni bethu. Okusho ukuthi, ikhemikhali esishukumisela ukuba senze okuthile, isenze sijabule, futhi isigcine sigxile.
Nazi ezinye zezinto eziyinhloko ezithinta i-dopamine :
- Inkumbulo yethu
- Isisusa
- Isimo sengqondo
- Ukunyakaza komzimba (i-Movem ENT )
- Ukunaka
- Injabulo nomvuzo
- Ukulala
- Ukufunda
- Ukuziphatha
Uma ingane yakho ine -dopamine enele emzimbeni wayo, ivame ukujabula, iqaphile, igxile, futhi ilangazelela ukwenza okuthile. Kodwa uma la mazinga ephansi, ingase ibe buthakathaka, idabuke, futhi ilale. Ingase futhi ibhekane nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, izinkinga zokulala , kanye nobunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo.
Kodwa kwenzekani uma amazinga e-dopamine ephakama kakhulu ? Kungaholela emandleni amaningi, ukuqwasha, ukuziphatha okunolaka, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukulawula imizwa.
Iyini isixhumanisi phakathi kwe-ADHD namazinga aphansi e-dopamine?
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-ADHD ne-dopamine buyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa masibugcine bulula.
Ngokuvamile, ubuchopho bethu bukhiqiza i-dopamine ngokwemvelo. Manje ake sithi sisebenzisa i-dopamine ukuthumela umlayezo phakathi kwamangqamuzana amabili ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu . Ngemva kokuba umlayezo uthunyelwe, i-dopamine esele ibuyiselwa esitokisini sokuqala. Kunamaprotheni akhethekile asiza kule nqubo yokuyithatha, esiwabiza ngokuthi ama-dopamine transporters .
Cabanga ngalaba bathuthi njengezinto ezincane ‘zokuhlanza i-vacuum.’ Lapho nje umyalezo we-dopamine usuphelile, lawa ‘ma-vacuum cleaner’ ayangena asuse i-dopamine esele.
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi izingane ezine-ADHD zinalezi 'zihlanzi ze-vacuum' eziningi kakhulu , noma izithuthi ze-dopamine, ebuchosheni bazo, noma ukuthi zisebenza ngokweqile . Kwenzekani-ke? Ngaphambi kokuba i-dopamine ikwazi ukuletha umyalezo ngendlela efanele, izithuthi ziyafika bese zisusa i-dopamine ngokushesha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-dopamine ihlala emangqamuzaneni ezinzwa isikhathi esincane kakhulu. Lokhu kubhekwa njengesizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi kungani ukunaka nokulawula ukuziphatha kuthinteka ku-ADHD.
Iyini indlela yokwelapha i-ADHD?
Ama-stimulants angenye yezinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi odokotela abayinikezayo yokwelapha i-ADHD. Le mithi ivimba okwesikhashana umsebenzi wezinto ezithwala i-dopamine esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili.
Lokho kusho ukuthi 'isihlanzi se-vacuum' senziwa kakhudlwana. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi i-dopamine ihlala phakathi kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa isikhathi eside, ukushintshana kwemiyalezo yobuchopho kungenzeka ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kuwusizo olukhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukunaka kwengane nokulawula ukuziphatha kwayo .
Futhi, ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi izingane ezine-gene ebizwa ngokuthi i-DAT1 zinomsebenzi ophezulu walezi zithuthi ze-dopamine, okuphakamisa ukuthi kunethonya lezakhi zofuzo.
| Igama elijwayelekile lomuthi | Imikhiqizo evame ukusetshenziswa (Izibonelo) |
|---|---|
| I-Methylphenidate | Ritalin, Concerta, Aptensio XR, Daytrana |
| I-Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine | I-Adderall, i-Adderall XR, i-Mydayis |
| I-Dexmethylphenidate | I-Focalin, i-Focalin XR |
| I-Lisdexamfetamine | I-Vyvanse |
| I-Dextroamphetamine | I-Dexedrine, i-Dextrostat |
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Le mithi kufanele inikezwe izingane kuphela ngeseluleko sochwepheshe. Udokotela uzonquma umthamo ofanele ngokusekelwe esisindweni sengane, ubudala, kanye nezimpawu zayo. Uma umthamo ungalungile, esikhundleni sokuthuthukisa ukunaka, kungaba nzima kakhulu ukugxila.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kule mithi?
Yebo, njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, kungaba nemiphumela emibi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, isikhathi esiningi lokhu akukubi kangako. Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngakho futhi akusize uphathe konke.
| Imiphumela emibi nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze | |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi emincane engase ivele ekuqaleni futhi iphele phakathi namasonto ambalwa | |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Isisu esibuhlungu |
| Isiyezi | Umlomo owomile |
| Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kancane | |
| Uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, yazisa udokotela wakho. | |
| Isifiso sokudla | Ukungalali |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo | Ukungaphumuli/ukukhathazeka |
| Ukwenza ngokuphindaphindiwe ukunyakaza noma umsindo ofanayo (ama-Tics) | |
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha | |
| Umbono ofiphele | Ukungezwani komzimba okubangelwa ukuqubuka kwesikhumba |
| Izinkinga ezinkulu zenhliziyo noma imithambo yegazi (isib. ubuhlungu besifuba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo) | |
Uma ingane yakho iba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uma kudingeka, udokotela wakho uzolungisa umthamo noma akushintshele komunye umuthi. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi noma ushintshe umthamo ngokwakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD akuyona nje ubuvila bengane noma ukuziphatha okubi. Yisimo sangempela sezokwelapha esihlobene ne-chemistry yobuchopho.
- Izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwe-chemical dopamine ebuchosheni ziyimbangela enkulu yalokhu.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu kulokhu. Ngemithi efanele kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha, ingane ingasizwa ukuba iphile impilo ephumelelayo.
- Eminye imiphumela emibi ingase ivele ngemva kokuqala umuthi. Ungesabi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile. Uzokunikeza isiqondiso esidingekayo.
- Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho ine-ADHD, sicela ubonane nodokotela wezingane noma wezifo zengqondo.
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